Alle Publikationen
2009
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Luhmann, Niklas (2009): Beiträge zur funktionalen Differenzierung der Gesellschaft. 4. Aufl.. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften
Keywords: DEFINITION, Erziehung, Gesellschaft, Monographie, Politik, Religion, Soziologie, Systemtheorie, Theorie -
(2009): Vertrauen. Ein Mechanismus der Reduktion sozialer Komplexität. 4. Aufl., Nachdr. Stuttgart: Lucius & Lucius (UTB für Wissenschaft Soziologie fachübergreifend)
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(2009) : Sozialisation und Erziehung In: Luhmann, Niklas: Beiträge zur funktionalen Differenzierung der Gesellschaft: 4. Aufl.: Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, S. 183-192
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(2009): The Function of Decorum at the Present Time. Manners, Moral Language, and Modernity in ’an Oscar Wilde Play’. In: MODERN DRAMA 52 (2), S. 145-167
Abstract: In the distinctive, epigrammatic idiom of his society comedies, where dialogue is shaped by the formulae of conventional instructional maxims about what one should and shouldn't do, Oscar Wilde inverts and aestheticizes the assumed ethical basis of a code of conduct that relies on the language of decorum. His drama suggestively articulates a considerable degree of slippage between manners, on the one hand, and morals, on the other. This essay argues, in fact, that Wildean aphoristic speech playfully rewrites late-Victorian etiquette literature, exploiting the ironic distance between moral assumptions and a more formulaic reality.
Keywords: Beispiel, Code of conduct, decorum, humor, Kunst, Literaturwissenschaft, manners, Moral, Morals, Oscar Wilde, Regelwerke, Werte -
(2009) : The logic of Appropriateness In: Goodin, Robert E.; Moran, Michael; Rein, Martin (Hg.): The Oxford Handbook of Public Policy Online: Oxford, England: Oxford Univ. Press. Online verfügbar unter https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199548453.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199548453-e-034
DOI: https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199548453.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199548453-e-034 Abstract: This article focuses on the rules of appropriateness in the context of formally organized political institutions and democratic political orders. It tries to determine how an understanding of the role of rule-driven behaviour in life may clarify thinking about political life. It sketches the basic ideas of rule-based action, and then describes some of the characteristics of contemporary democratic settings. It examines the relationship between action and rules, along with the elements of slippage in executing rules, the dynamics of rules, and the standards of appropriateness. The last section of the article highlights a possible compromise of different logics of action.
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Mead, George Herbert; Joas, Hans (Hg.) (2009): Gesammelte Aufsätze. Band 2. 1. Aufl., 2. [Nachdr.]. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp (Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch Wissenschaft)
Keywords: Soziologie -
(2009): Humour and Insult in the House of Commons. The Case of Palmerston and Disraeli. In: PARLIAMENTARY HISTORY 28 (2), S. 228-245
Abstract: Formal prohibitions on ‘personalities’ notwithstanding, a constant of parliamentary life is that members regularly insult one another. Within the conventions of 19th-century public decorum, humour served as an effective means for some politicians to deliver personal insults to their opponents.This article examines the nature of the personal attacks made by Disraeli and Palmerston on each other between 1837 and 1865, and describes how their styles of humorous insult were different but equally effective. Analysis of their political contest sheds new light on the careers of the two men, while also providing the basis for broader considerations about the changing nature and functions of humour in political discourse from the 18th to the 20th centuries.
Keywords: Beispiel, beleidigen, Beleidigung, decorum, fluchen, Geschichte, humor, Politik, Sprache, Wandel von Normen -
(2009) : Empathy between Human and Home Service Robots: 2009 IITA International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering (case 2009): 2009 IITA International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering (case 2009): Washington, DC, US: IEEE, S. 220-224
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE.2009.156 Abstract: The rapid growth of elderly population has created a huge increase in demand for home health-care services. Home service robots are expected to play an important role to support elderly people at home to improve their life quality. Unlike industrial robots, home service robots face many challenges in terms of safety, autonomy, flexibility and usability, etc. How to efficiently realize human-robot interaction is one of the main areas to achieve home service tasks. Understanding the mechanisms of empathy in human beings and applying such mechanisms to home service robots is crucial to make human-robot interaction natural and friendly. Recent studies shows the links in the functional, and neural mechanisms between imitation and empathy in human beings. In this paper, algorithms are developed to allow robots to understand natural color names given by the user to help locate target objects, and showing by examples is applied to express human's intentions to robots in imitation. Case studies are conducted to demonstrate the proposed approaches.
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(2009): Die Intelligence and Development Scale Sozial-Emotionale Kompetenz (IDS-SEK). Psychometrische Eigenschaften eines Tests zur Erfassung sozial-emotionaler Fähigkeiten. In: Diagnostica 55 (4), S. 234-244. DOI: 10.1026/0012-1924.55.4.234
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924.55.4.234 Abstract: Tested psychometric properties of the Intelligence and Development Scales Sozial-Emotionale Kompetenz Skala (IDS-SEK). To address a lack of adequate measures for capturing the social-emotional abilities of children, the IDS-SEK was constructed. The test measures social-emotional abilities on the dimensions (1) Emotion Recognition (EE), (2) Emotion Regulation (ER), (3) Understanding of Social Situations (SV), and (4) Social-Operation Competence (SH). Results of studies conducted with 839 5- to 10-year-olds from Switzerland support the scale's construct and criterion validity. Comparisons (matched for age, sex, and intelligence quotient) of children without behavioural problems, with Asperger syndrome (n = 38), and with aggressive-behavioral problems (n = 57) provided additional proof of the scale's differentiation ability. It is concluded that the IDS-SEK is well suited to measure capabilities and deficits in the social-emotional domain in a multidimensional way and can be used as the basis of specific interventions.
Keywords: Aggressionsverhalten, Aggressive Behavior, Aspergers Syndrome, Asperger-Syndrom, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Autismus-Spektrum-Störung, Developmental Scales & Schedules, emotion recognition, Emotional Regulation, Emotionen, Emotions, Emotionserkennung, Emotionsforschung, Emotionsregulation, Entwicklungstests, Personality Scales & Inventories, Persönlichkeitstests, psychometrics, Psychometrie, Psychosocial & Personality Development, Psychosoziale Entwicklung und Persönlichkeitsentwicklung, Social intelligence, Social Skills, Soziale Fertigkeiten, Soziale Intelligenz, Test Validity, Testvalidität, Verhaltensforschung -
(2009): Death and Bereavement Around the World, Volume 5. Reflective Essays. Amityville: Baywood Publishing Company Inc (Death, Value and Meaning Series). Online verfügbar unter http://gbv.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=3117866
Abstract: Indigenous people around the world have highly developed rituals and mechanisms in place in their cultures to aid the resolution of grief. These rituals are an important part of life for these people. Their cultures are fertile ground for grief to be nourished. In many ways we are the primitives, because we have very few mechanisms in our culture that function in a similar way. By studying the way indigenous people grieve we can begin to get some idea about the state of grief in our own culture and our inadequate rituals. Using the analogy of a business or a sports team that is not doing well compared with the competition, we can examine a successful party and learn from their achievement. We will probably not adopt a specific grief ritual from another culture, but we will be able to see how these cultures have incorporated grief into their daily lives and how they have developed different rituals for men and women. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 4
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(2009): Ambivalence in Intergroup Evaluation. The Role of Fairness Norm. In: Social Justice Research 22 (1), S. 117-133. DOI: 10.1007/s11211-009-0090-7
Abstract: We conducted two studies to examine the role of the social norm of fairness on cognitive (beliefs and judgments) and affective (emotions and feelings) ambivalence in an intergroup context of evaluation. As predicted, we found that ambivalence toward the ingroup is constantly higher in the cognitive dimension than in the affective dimension. Instead, cognitive and affective ambivalence toward the outgroup are generally similar but when the outgroup is highly protected by the fairness norm (i.e., the elderly), cognitive ambivalence is considerably lower than affective ambivalence. These findings provide evidence that (1) cognitive ambivalence is more controlled by the fairness norm than affective ambivalence, and that (2) it holds an adaptive function, changing in accordance with the demands of the normative context.
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(2009) : Guided participation in ICT-education for seniors: Motivation and social support: Frontiers in Education Conference, 2009. FIE '09. 39th IEEE: 2009 39th IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE): San Antonio, TX, USA: 10/18/2009 - 10/21/2009: San Antonio, Texas: IEEE, S. 1-7
Abstract: The Seniors' Club (SC) is a computer club for elderly, aged 60-80 years. This paper describes the experience gained from starting, and development of the club in Eastern Finland from late 2005. The findings are supported by thematic interviews conducted with the participants in April 2009. The goal of the undertaking was to teach useful ICT-skills to the elderly, and to empower them to contribute to user-centered design. A guidance model based on guided participation and ideas of shared cognition has been applied to socially, motivationally and cognitively support our elderly participants. For the development of SC-concept, the grounding research methodology has been action research, supported by observation of the participants at work, questionnaires and group interviews. The results show that the elderly are capable of and enthusiastic in acquiring ICT-skills and of gaining knowledge. They are motivated by the younger generation in their circle of acquaintances, by the novelty of things and by staying the pace of development. They prefer things/skills, which are practical and applicable in real life, and they appreciate the social mode of learning, like peer-tutoring. In addition our seniors are willing to contribute to research, design, and development activities with students in our department.
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(2009): The individualistic research program in sociology. development, present state, and problems. In: Zeitschrift für Soziologie (38.1), S. 26-47
Abstract: After an account of the beginnings of the individualistic research program (IRP) at the Department of Sociology of the University of Cologne and its later development, an explication of the program is provided. Based on the well-known micro-macro model ("Coleman boat") the possible problems of the IRP are identified and then discussed. In regard to the applied micro-theory it is argued that there are fewer problems if a wide instead of a narrow version of the theory of rational action is applied. If micro-macro relationships (bridge assumptions) are empirical, it is argued that they are singular causal statements (i.e., not laws) and that the micro-theories of the IRP (such as value expectancy theory) can be applied. The article further discusses variants of the micro-macro model and the claim that collective concepts can be reconstructed as properties of individuals.
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(2009): Power, Trust, and Institutional Constraints. In: Rationality and Society 21 (2), S. 171-195. DOI: 10.1177/1043463109103898
Abstract: This article focuses on how institutions matter in generating relationships of trust in an environment of unequal power. Trust is seen as the truster's expectation that the trustee will act trustworthily out of moral commitment and/or interest in continuing the relationship. Using cross-sectional data from a survey conducted in 2006 on Swedish employment relations the authors show that perceived power asymmetries between an employee and his or her superior have a negative impact on trust. However, perceptions about the enforcement and fairness of institutional constraints - rules for dismissal, conflict resolution, wage setting, and promotion - have conditioning effects. When the respondents perceive the rules as fair, trust is less influenced by increasing power asymmetries between an employee and his or her superior. The results have important implications. By designing institutions that are considered fair, distrust may be mitigated even in situations characterized by extensive power asymmetries.
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Oswald, Margit E.; Bieneck, Steffen; Hupfeld-Heinemann, Jörg (Hg.) (2009): Social psychology of punishment of crime. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell
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(2009): Beruflich in Norwegen. Trainingsprogramm für Manager, Fach- und Führungskräfte. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
Abstract: Unberührte Natur, Zeugnisse einer reichen Geschichte und eine vielfältige Kunst- und Kulturszene – Norwegen ist ein äußerst beliebtes Urlaubsziel. Allerdings zieht es auch immer mehr Deutsche zu einem Studien- oder Arbeitsaufenthalt in das Land. Wer länger in der Heimat von Ibsen, Munch und Amundsen leben möchte, sollte nicht nur über Sprachkenntnisse verfügen, sondern auch mit typischen Denk- und Verhaltensweisen der Norweger vertraut sein. Auf welche kulturellen Besonderheiten man sich einstellen muss, verrät dieses Buch.
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(2009) : Towards a sociable robot guide which respects and supports the human activity: IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, 2009: CASE 2009 ; 22 - 25 Aug. 2009, Bangalore, India: 2009 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2009): Bangalore, India: 8/22/2009 - 8/25/2009. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering; Ieee Case; Annual IEEE Conference on Automation Science and Engineering: Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, S. 262-267
Abstract: This paper presents a framework to provide the human with the flexibility to behave naturally, while being guided by a mobile robot. A sociable robot should not expect that the human will always follow the exact trajectory of the robot or will always maintain a fixed distance with robot. Moreover human can choose either to accompany or to follow the robot during the guiding. Robot should also not expect that human will always support the guiding. Human may temporarily suspend the joint commitment of guiding process, due to other interesting tasks and may completely abandon the path expected by robot. As a 'social' guide, robot should not only tolerate human diverse behaviors but also try to adapt its path to support the human activity as well as influence the human path towards the goal. It should take appropriate decision about when, where and how to deviate, as the very frequent or unnatural maneuvers of robot will make the human feel uncomfortable. In this paper we present a framework of monitoring and adapting to the human commitment on the joint task, and carrying out appropriate and goal oriented re-engagement attempts, if required, from the view point of guiding
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(2009): What is Fair. Three Perspectives. In: Journal of Business Ethics 84 (S1), S. 89-102. DOI: 10.1007/s10551-008-9683-6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-008-9683-6 Abstract: Although words like 'fair' may have a common meaning, we cannot assume that people speak them or hear them in the same manner, or appreciate the impact of their implied interpretations and nuances. We describe three different perspectives–rational, emotional, and spiritual–which offer vastly different meanings of fairness. We also discuss the manner in which the different meanings they represent with respect to policies and practices are pursued by business interests within the American and international arenas. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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Peil, Jan; Van Staveren, Irene (Hg.) (2009): Handbook of economics and ethics.. Cheltenham, United Kingdom: Edward Elgar Publishing
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(2009): Emotional anguish at work: The mediating role of perceived rejection on workgroup mistreatment and affective outcomes. In: Journal of occupational health psychology 14 (1), S. 34-45. DOI: 10.1037/a0013288
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013288 Abstract: In this study, the authors pay particular attention to mistreatment directed toward an organizational member from fellow workgroup members. The study contributes to the growing body of literature that examines the mistreatment of employees in the workplace. The authors propose that mistreatment by the workgroup would contribute to feelings of rejection, over and above mistreatment by the supervisor. In addition, the authors tested the mediating role of perceived rejection between workgroup mistreatment and affective outcomes such as depression and organization-based self-esteem. Part-time working participants (N = 142) took part in the study, which required them to complete a questionnaire on workplace behaviors. Results indicated that workgroup mistreatment contributed additional variance to perceived rejection over and above supervisory mistreatment when predicting depression and organization-based self-esteem. The results also indicated that perceived rejection mediates the relationship between mistreatment and affective outcomes. Results are discussed and implications for research and practice are considered.
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(2009) : Robots with emotional intelligence: 2009 4th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI): 2009 4th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI): New York, NY, US: Association for Computing Machinery
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/1514095.1514098 Abstract: This keynote talk will illustrate a basic set of skills of emotional intelligence, how they are important for robots and agents that interact with people, and how our research at MIT addresses part of the problem of giving robots such skills. One of the most important skills is the ability to perceive and understand expressions of emotion, which I will highlight by demonstrating new technologies developed to read joint facial-head movements in real-time and associate these with complex affective-cognitive states, and technologies to read paralinguistic vocal cues from speech. I will also show some non-traditional ways robots might sense and learn about human emotion, and ways they can respond to what they sense that can help or hurt people. I will discuss social and ethical issues these technologies raise. Finally, I will present some new possibilities for robots to both learn from people and help teach skills of emotional intelligence to people, especially to those with nonverbal learning impairments who often want to learn these skills, including many people with diagnoses of autism spectrum disorders such as Aspergers Syndrome.
Keywords: Affective computing, affective-cognitive state, Artificial intelligence, Aspergers Syndrome, Autism, Autism spectrum disorder, behavioural sciences, computer aided instruction, deception detection, Educational robots, emotion expression, emotion perception, emotion recognition, emotion understanding, Emotional Intelligence, empathic technology, ethical aspects, ethical issue, facial expression recognition, facial-head movement, human emotion learning, human emotion sensing, human-robot interaction, ieee xplore, image motion analysis, intelligent robots, Laboratories, learning (artificial intelligence), Media, medical disorders, MIT, Moral & Ethik, nonverbal learning impairment, paralinguistic vocal cue, physiological sensing, prosody analysis, robot emotional intelligence, Robot sensing systems, skills teaching, social issue, speech processing, system, Teaching -
(2009) : Robots with emotional intelligence: 2009 4th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI): 2009 4th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI): New York, NY, US: Association for Computing Machinery
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/1514095.1514098 Abstract: This keynote talk will illustrate a basic set of skills of emotional intelligence, how they are important for robots and agents that interact with people, and how our research at MIT addresses part of the problem of giving robots such skills. One of the most important skills is the ability to perceive and understand expressions of emotion, which I will highlight by demonstrating new technologies developed to read joint facial-head movements in real-time and associate these with complex affective-cognitive states, and technologies to read paralinguistic vocal cues from speech. I will also show some non-traditional ways robots might sense and learn about human emotion, and ways they can respond to what they sense that can help or hurt people. I will discuss social and ethical issues these technologies raise. Finally, I will present some new possibilities for robots to both learn from people and help teach skills of emotional intelligence to people, especially to those with nonverbal learning impairments who often want to learn these skills, including many people with diagnoses of autism spectrum disorders such as Aspergers Syndrome.
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(2009): Multicultural Competence and Social Justice Training in Counseling Psychology and Counselor Education A Review and Analysis of a Sample of Multicultural Course Syllabi. In: COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGIST 37 (1), S. 93-115
Abstract: This article presents the findings of a descriptive content analysis of 54 multicultural and diversity-related course syllabi drawn from counseling and counseling psychology programs accredited by the American Psychological Association and the Accreditation of Counseling and Related Programs. Results suggest that most courses adhere to the knowledge, awareness, and skills paradigm of multicultural competence. However, actual course content varies considerably. Whereas the findings identify social justice content as a growing presence in multicultural courses, there is a need to more clearly outline the fundamental points of distinction and overlap between multicultural competence and social justice advocacy in counselor and counseling psychology training.
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(2009): Is family special to the brain? An event-related fMRI study of familiar, familial, and self-face recognition. In: Neuropsychologia 47 (3), S. 849-858. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.12.027
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19159636 Abstract: The face-processing network has evolved to respond differentially to different classes of faces depending on their relevance to the perceiver. For example, self-, familiar, and unknown faces are associated with activation in different neural substrates. Family should represent a special class of face stimuli that is of high relevance to individuals, because incorrect assignment of kinship can have dire consequences (e.g., incest, cuckoldry). Therefore evolution should have favored redundant mechanisms for detection of kin. We used fMRI to investigate the neural substrates associated with viewing faces of kin compared to other classes of faces (e.g., self-face, familiar face, and unknown face), and to examine the degree to which self-facial resemblance activated similar neural substrates. Contrasting kin faces with unknown faces activated substrates associated with self-face recognition, while comparing kin faces to friend faces activated posterior cingulate and cuneus. Similar posterior medial substrates were recruited when contrasting self-resembling faces with morphed faces of kin, suggesting these regions potentially represent computational processing about facial familiarity and identity. On the other hand, discrimination of self-resembling faces from familiar morphs activated anterior medial substrates (anterior cingulate cortex, ACC, medial prefrontal cortex, MPFC). These findings, and a region of interest (ROI) analysis, highlight the role of the extended face-processing network for discrimination of kin from familiar non-kin members of one's social group based on self-referent phenotypic cues.
Keywords: Adult, Bekanntheitsgrad, Brain/anatomy & histology/physiology, Discrimination (Psychology)/physiology, Face, familiarity, Female, Gesichtserkennung, Gesichtszüge, Gyrus Cinguli/physiology, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Neurowissenschaften, Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology, Prefrontal Cortex/physiology, Visual Perception/physiology, Young Adult -
(2009) : Prestige Goods and the Formation of Political Hierarchy. A Costly Signaling Model In: Shennan, Stephen: Pattern and Process in Cultural Evolution: Berkeley: University of California Press, S. 265-276
Abstract: Book description: This volume offers an integrative approach to the application of evolutionary theory in studies of cultural transmission and social evolution and reveals the enormous range of ways in which Darwinian ideas can lead to productive empirical research, the touchstone of any worthwhile theoretical perspective. While many recent works on cultural evolution adopt a specific theoretical framework, such as dual inheritance theory or human behavioral ecology, Pattern and Process in Cultural Evolution emphasizes empirical analysis and includes authors who employ a range of backgrounds and methods to address aspects of culture from an evolutionary perspective. Editor Stephen Shennan has assembled archaeologists, evolutionary theorists, and ethnographers, whose essays cover a broad range of time periods, localities, cultural groups, and artifacts.
Keywords: Youssef, Ramy