Alle Publikationen
- <<
- <
- 1
2016
-
(2016): Bias and accuracy in judging sexism in mixed-gender social interactions. In: Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 20 (6), S. 850-866. DOI: 10.1177/1368430216638530
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430216638530 Abstract: This research examined bias and accuracy in judging hostile and benevolent sexism during mixed-gender interactions. Bias is defined as underestimation or overestimation of a partner’s sexism. Accuracy is defined as covariation in two different ways, as (a) the strength of the association between a dyad member’s judgment and their partner’s sexism, across dyads, and (b) the ability to differentiate sexism between multiple targets. In Studies 1 and 2, members of mixed-gender dyads rated their own and their partners’ benevolent and hostile sexism. Overall, there was no covariation, across dyads, between perceptions and the partner’s self-reported sexism. However, women overestimated men’s hostile sexism; there was no evidence of biases for women judging men’s benevolent sexism. Men underestimated women’s hostile sexism and overestimated benevolent sexism. In Study 3, participants watched brief videos of male or female students (targets) from Study 1 and compl eted ben evolent or hostile sexism items for each target as they thought the target would fill them out. Accuracy for detecting sexism across multiple targets (using sensitivity correlations) was significantly above chance for both forms of sexism. Male and female participants were more accurate at detecting hostile sexism in male targets than female targets. Participants were more accurate at detecting benevolent sexism of same-gender targets than opposite-gender targets. When judging targets of opposite gender, women’s judgments were significantly above chance for both forms of sexism, but men were not accurate for either forms of sexism. These studies suggest that there is bias and accuracy in first impression judgments of sexism. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
-
Nelson, Todd D. (2016): Handbook of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination. Second edition. New York, NY; London: Psychology Press, Taylor & Francis Group
Abstract: "This handbook is an essential resource for students, instructors, and researchers in social and personality psychology, and an invaluable reference for academics and professionals in sociology, communication studies, gerontology, nursing, medicine, as well as government and policymakers and social service agencies. The Second Edition provides a full update of this comprehensive scholarly handbook of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination. This edition features new material on key issues such as political activism, economic polarization, minority stress, same-sex marriage laws, dehumanization, and mental health stigma, in addition to a timely update on how victims respond to discrimination and additional coverage of gender and race"--
2015
-
(2015) : Sexism In: Wright, James D.: International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition): Oxford: Elsevier, S. 693-699
Abstract: This article first reviews the historical rise and the developments of psychological research on sexism which led to the differentiation between biological sex and cultural gender, and highlights commonalities between gender relations and other status-based intergroup relations. Old-fashioned, overt and explicit forms of sexism are then distinguished from contemporary, more subtle, and implicit forms. The latter are characterized by ambivalence of hostility and benevolence toward women. The final section discusses major behavioral consequences of the different forms of sexism, emphasizing the harmful impact of benevolence on women's feelings of self-worth and competence, and actual performances.
2011
-
(2011) : Gender Issues In: Hauser, Stuart T.; Prinstein, Mitchell J. (Hg.): Encyclopedia of Adolescence: Burlington: Elsevier Science, S. 151-159
Abstract: Gender is an important social category that affects adolescents' lives in multiple ways. Gender identities and gender schemas shape the kinds of ideas and behaviors that adolescents may consider appropriate for themselves and others. Stereotyped beliefs may lead to sexism, including prejudiced attitudes and discriminatory behaviors. Gender-related variations during adolescence occur in academic achievement, athletic participation, sexuality, body image, dating relationships, friendship intimacy, and aggression.
2007
-
(2007): Language as context for the perception of emotion. In: Trends in cognitive sciences 11 (8), S. 327-332. DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2007.06.003
DOI: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2225544 Abstract: In the blink of an eye, people can easily see emotion in another person's face. This fact leads many to assume that emotion perception is given and proceeds independently of conceptual processes such as language. In this paper we suggest otherwise and offer the hypothesis that language functions as a context in emotion perception. We review a variety of evidence consistent with the language-as-context view and then discuss how a linguistically relative approach to emotion perception allows for intriguing and generative questions about the extent to which language shapes the sensory processing involved in seeing emotion in another person's face.
1998
-
(1998): Differences in Perception of Everyday Odors. A Japanese-German Cross-cultural Study. In: Chemical senses 23 (1), S. 31-38. DOI: 10.1093/chemse/23.1.31
Abstract: There is a growing appreciation that experience with odors may strongly influence their perception. To further investigate this. the responses of 40 Japanese and 44 age-matched German women to everyday odorants were compared. Subjects were presented with 28 stimuli in squeeze bottles and asked to rate them according to intensity, familiarity, pleasantness and edibility, to describe associations elicited by them and, if possible, to name them. One-third of the odorants were presumed to be familiar to the Japanese only, one-third to the Germans and one-third to both populations. Significant differences were found between the two populations on all measures. Better performance by the Japanese in providing appropriate descriptors for 'Japanese' odorants and by the Germans for 'European' odorants supported the pre-selection of stimuli as culture-typical. Particularly clear differences between the two populations were found in pleasantness ratings. In general, a positive relationship was found between pleasantness and judgement of stimuli as edible, suggesting that culture-specific experiences-particularly of foods-may significantly influence odor perception. Somewhat unexpectedly, significant differences were also found between the two populations in intensity ratings for some odorants. These differences did not seem simply to be artefacts of the test situation and raise the possibility that experience may even influence such basic aspects of odor perception as stimulus intensity.
Keywords: ABILITY, ASSOCIATIONS, Assoziation von Gerüchen als angenehm UND essbar, Children, culture specific, DISCRIMINATION, Geruch / mikrobiologische Zusammensetzung von Körpersekreten, IDENTIFICATION, Intensität von Gerüchen, Kultur, kulturell vorgeprägte Wahrnehmung von Geruchsintensität, MEMORY, PEOPLE, PLEASANTNESS, Speisegewohnheiten, Status / biologische Marker
- <<
- <
- 1