Alle Publikationen
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2017
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(2017): Ethical values and social care robots for older people. An international qualitative study. In: Ethics and Information Technology 19 (1), S. 49-68. DOI: 10.1007/s10676-016-9413-1
Abstract: Values such as respect for autonomy, safety, enablement, independence, privacy and social connectedness should be reflected in the design of social robots. The same values should affect the process by which robots are introduced into the homes of older people to support independent living. These values may, however, be in tension. We explored what potential users thought about these values, and how the tensions between them could be resolved. With the help of partners in the ACCOMPANY project, 21 focus groups (123 participants) were convened in France, the Netherlands and the UK. These groups consisted of: (i) older people, (ii) informal carers and (iii) formal carers of older people. The participants were asked to discuss scenarios in which there is a conflict between older people and others over how a robot should be used, these conflicts reflecting tensions between values. Participants favoured compromise, persuasion and negotiation as a means of reaching agreement. Roles and related role-norms for the robot were thought relevant to resolving tensions, as were hypothetical agreements between users and robot-providers before the robot is introduced into the home. Participants' understanding of each of the values-autonomy, safety, enablement, independence, privacy and social connectedness-is reported. Participants tended to agree that autonomy often has priority over the other values, with the exception in certain cases of safety. The second part of the paper discusses how the values could be incorporated into the design of social robots and operationalised in line with the views expressed by the participants.
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(2017): How can the study of action kinematics inform our understanding of human social interaction?. In: Neuropsychologia 105, S. 101-110. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.01.018
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28119002 Abstract: The kinematics of human actions are influenced by the social context in which they are performed. Motion-capture technology has allowed researchers to build up a detailed and complex picture of how action kinematics vary across different social contexts. Here we review three task domains-point-to-point imitation tasks, motor interference tasks and reach-to-grasp tasks-to critically evaluate how these tasks can inform our understanding of social interactions. First, we consider how actions within these task domains are performed in a non-social context, before highlighting how a plethora of social cues can perturb the baseline kinematics. We show that there is considerable overlap in the findings from these different tasks domains but also highlight the inconsistencies in the literature and the possible reasons for this. Specifically, we draw attention to the pitfalls of dealing with rich, kinematic data. As a way to avoid these pitfalls, we call for greater standardisation and clarity in the reporting of kinematic measures and suggest the field would benefit from a move towards more naturalistic tasks.
Keywords: Favoriten, Imitation, Interaktion, interference of social interaction, Kinematics, kinematics and social interaction, Kinematik, kinematische Dimension, Kontext, Körperbewegungen / Kinematik, Modelle/Theorien, Motor, Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, social, social interaction, Soziale Angemessenheit -
(2017) : Culture, Brain, and Behavior In: Tibayrenc, Michel; Ayala, Francisco José (Hg.): On human nature: Biology, psychology, ethics, politics, and religion: Amsterdam; Boston; Heidelberg; London; New York; Oxford; Paris; San Diego; San Francisco; Singapore; Sydney; Tokio: Academic Press an imprint of Elsevier, S. 579-597
Abstract: This chapter discusses the reciprocal development of genes, brain, and culture in shaping significant aspects of social and political behavior. The interaction between biology and culture is mutually reciprocal and intertwined. Processes of neural plasticity allow cultural practices to inform brain development in a profoundly social context just as human imagination and invention can shift cultural practices over time. This chapter outlines work that has examined these interconnections and ways in which future research might study developmental effects to enlighten our understanding of important social and political phenomena, including the emergence and manifestation of mental illness and political polarization.
2016
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(2016): Theorizing the Mechanisms of Conceptual and Semiotic Space. In: Philosophy of the Social Sciences 34 (2), S. 283-299. DOI: 10.1177/0048393103262554
Abstract: In this piece the author takes issue with Mario Bunge's claims that conceptual and semiotic systems have "compositions, environments and structures, but no mechanisms." Structures, according to Bunge, can never be mechanisms in conceptual and semiotic systems. Contra this the author argues that in social systems, social structures (which are concept-dependent and reproduced and/or transformed, at least in part, semiotically), can be mechanisms in the sense that such structures are one of the processes in a concrete system that makes it what it is. As such, not only may conceptual and semiotic systems have mechanisms, but they may also themselves be considered some of the mechanisms that make the social what it is. As such, they can be said to possess powers and liabilities that neither reside at lower levels nor are explainable in terms of the lower level. To hold out the prospect of social explanation by conceptual and/or semiotic mechanisms does not represent an attempt to decouple these systems from material factors. What it does mean is that conceptual and/or semiotic systems can, potentially at least, play a role in social explanation; and themselves be subject to explanation.
Keywords: Bunge, cause, conceptualism, Disziplin, emergence, Emergenz, Erklärung, Erklärung des Sozialen, explanation, Interaktion, Konzept, mechanisms, Ontologie, Philosophie, realism, Realismus, reductionism, Reduktionismus, semiotics, Semiotik, social, social realism, Sozialverhalten, structures, Strukturalismus, Strukturen, Systemtheorie, Theoriebegriffe, Überblick 2010
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(2010): Towards safety in human robot interaction. In: International Journal of Social Robotics 2 (3), S. 217-219. DOI: 10.1007/s12369-010-0061-z
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-010-0061-z Abstract: Many new application areas are emerging where robots will be required to co-operate with or assist humans. This means that they are sharing the same work-space or they are working in our ‘personal’ space. The fundamental resultant issue of working in co-located space is that of safety. In service and social robotics, a major focus has therefore to be safe and reliable operation. This special issue covers a wide range of topics on safe human-robot interaction (HRI) in social and service robotics. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2010): Does place attachment affect social well-being?. In: Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology 60 (4), S. 233-238. DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2010.05.001
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2010.05.001 Abstract: Although literature yields some insights on the connection between place and well-being, to date the direct influence of place attachment on the dimensions that characterize social well-being has not been explicitly investigated. The present study, conducted on 443 first-year undergraduates, had one main purposes: exploring the influence of place attachment – measured in relation to two different spatial ranges (neighborhood and city) – on the five components of social well-being. Results showed that place attachment globally affects social well-being, but noteworthy distinctions have to be specified both as to the spatial range investigated and the different dimensions of social well-being. Theoretical implications are discussed. zitiert von 86
2008
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(2008): THE FORMATION OF SOCIAL RULES FOR DIGITAL INTERACTIONS. In: Information, Communication & Society 11 (8), S. 1111-1131. DOI: 10.1080/13691180802109048
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13691180802109048 Abstract: The increasing use of Internet-based 'dating' services as a means to meet strangers online to potentially form intimate relationships offline, raises concerns about trust and identity. The established social practices of introductions or meeting with stranger's offline are supported by a set of social rules and rituals that have been described as 'courtship'. There is an absence of such courting rules or guidelines for interaction in mediated dating environments. This means that individuals have to understand for themselves the rules that shape how they should behave. On the basis of the analysis of Internet newsgroups discussions this article puts forward an ideal type continuum about 'eDating' expectations and experiences. The continuum leads discussion about how men and women eDaters are seeking to comprehend the rules for interaction that establish a reciprocated communication with other online 'strangers'. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)< br /> zitiert von 25
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