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2013
Chen, Rong; He, Lin; Hu, Chunmei (2013): Chinese requests. In comparison to American and Japanese requests and with reference to the “East-West divide”. In: Journal of Pragmatics 55, S. 140-161. DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2013.05.012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2013.05.012

Abstract: This paper reports an empirical investigation of Chinese requests using Hill et al's (1986) methodology. The study has yielded the following findings. (1) Chinese requests seem to be determined by Brown and Levinson's notions of power and distance, as are Japanese and American English requests as reported in Hill et al., (2) Chinese requests may not be as direct as has been argued in the literature. We view these findings as evidence for Brown and Levinson's universal theory of politeness but against the claim that East and West are fundamentally different in their respective politeness systems (cf. Chen, 2010 and Leech, 2007).

Keywords: American English, Anfrage, Anfragenforschung, Bitte, Brown and Levinson's model, Chinese, Disziplin, East-West divide, Höflichkeit, Höflichkeitsforschung, (In)directness, Japanese, Kultur, Kulturdifferenz, Kulturelle Normen, kulturrelativ, kulturspezifisch, Kulturspezifizität, Kulturtheorie, Linguistik, Politeness, Request, Soziale Angemessenheit, Speech Act, Sprachgebrauch, Sprechakt
1986
Hill, Beverly; Ide, Sachiko; Ikuta, Shoko; Kawasaki, Akiko; Ogino, Tsunao (1986): Universals of linguistic politeness - Quantitative Evidence from Japanese and American English. In: Journal of Pragmatics 10 (3), S. 347-371. DOI: 10.1016/0378-2166(86)90006-8

Abstract: A cross-cultural study of requests for a pen in Japanese and in American English provides empirical evidence for a common factor, Discernment, which we hypothesize operates in all sociolinguistic systems of politeness. We also propose a complementary factor, Volition, hypothesizing that differences in the weighting of the two factors afford one way to characterize sociolinguistic systems of politeness in different languages. The results of the study further offer empirical support for the theories of Brown and Levinson and Leech.

Keywords: American English, Discernment and volition, Disziplin, Good manners, Höflichkeit, Japanese English, Linguistik, Quantitativ, Soziale Angemessenheit

2013

1986

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