Alle Publikationen
2014
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(2014): Social skills training and cognitive training. Are the efficacy to reach social competence and cognitive abilities?. In: EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY 29
Abstract: The majority of data on long term interventions on social disabilities are shown in international experiences for systematized models which are mainly cognitive-behavioural informed. Few dates are related to the experiences carried out in Italy after the changes in the psychiatric services. Emerging evidences demonstrated a relationship between cognitive deficits and social disability in patients with schizophrenia; currently they are considered an important target of both pharmacological and psychological (in particular, Cognitive Trainings, CT) treatments of these patients. The aim is to demonstrate the efficacy of Social Skills Training and Cognitive Training to achieve social competence, cognitive abilities and reduce vulnerability of patients with schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia can clearly improve their social competence with social skills training and cognitive remediation, which may translate into a more adaptive functioning in the community. Thirty adult inpatients (from 18 to 55 years of age) with ICD-10-based diagnoses of schizophrenia were randomly assigned to three different groups: active intervention from 30 months (IPT-a group); active intervention from 18 months (IPT-b group); and treatment as usual (control group). Outcome measures were cognition (ENB-2) and social skills assessment (Valutazione Abilità Sociali) of five sub unit. Cognitive behavior therapy may benefit the large number of patients who continue to experience disabling psychotic symptoms despite optimal pharmacological treatment. The results of studies investigating the efficacy of TC and SST are not univocal, probably due to differences in the implementation of the programs and the heterogeneity of participants.
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(2014): Power Gets You High. In: Social Psychological and Personality Science 6 (4), S. 472-480. DOI: 10.1177/1948550614566857
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550614566857 Abstract: Inspiration is a source of admirable creation—but where do people get it from? We propose that power allows individuals to draw inspiration from the self. Four studies involving different social settings and operationalizations support this idea. Study 1 revealed that greater power is associated with more self-derived inspiration and less other-derived inspiration. In Study 2, participants with a higher sense of power were more inspired by their own than by their partners’ stories in face-to-face conversations, whereas lower power participants were not. In Study 3, higher power people spontaneously generated more inspiring stories involving themselves than did lower power people. Finally, participants in Study 4 felt more inspired after writing about their own experiences than after writing about someone else’s, especially after having been primed with high rather than low power. These findings suggest that powerful people prioritize themselves over others in social interac tion because this is emotionally rewarding for them. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 14
Keywords: Achievement Motivation, Classification (Cognitive Process), Conversation, Extrinsic Motivation, Impression Formation, Interaction, Interaktionsforschung, Interpersonal Control, Intrinsic Motivation, Persönlichkeitspsychologie, POWER, Self-Concept, social interaction, Sozialpsychologie, Storytelling -
Van Lange, Paul A. M; Rockenbach, Bettina; Yamagishi, Toshio (Hg.) (2014): Reward and punishment in social dilemmas. New York, NY, US: Oxford University Press (Series in human cooperation)
Keywords: sanctions -
(2014): The spatial frequencies influence the aesthetic judgment of buildings transculturally. In: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE 5 (3-4), S. 143-149
Abstract: Recent evidence has shown that buildings designed to be high-ranking, according to the Western architectural decorum, have more impact on the minds of their beholders than low-ranking buildings. Here we investigated whether and how the aesthetic judgment for high- and low-ranking buildings was affected by differences in cultural expertise and by power spectrum differences. A group of Italian and Japanese participants performed aesthetic judgment tasks, with line drawings of high- and low-ranking buildings and with their random-phase versions (an image with the exact power spectrum of the original one but non-recognizable anymore). Irrespective of cultural expertise, high-ranking buildings and their relative random-phase versions received higher aesthetic judgments than low-ranking buildings and their random-phase versions. These findings indicate that high- and low-ranking buildings are differentiated for their aesthetic value and they show that low-level visual processes influence the aesthetic judgment based on differences in the stimuli power spectrum, irrespective of the influence of cultural expertise.
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(2014): What Kinds of Value Motives Guide People in Their Moral Attitudes?. The Role of Personal and Prescriptive Values at the Culture Level and Individual Level. In: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 46 (2), S. 211-228. DOI: 10.1177/0022022114557487
Abstract: Opinions about moralized issues are arguably one of the most difficult issues in interpersonal dialogs given that they can result in intolerance and prejudicial behavior toward those with divergent moral beliefs. Recent research has shown that moral attitudes vary not only depending on the individual's characteristics but also as a function of culture. Individuals from individualistic-oriented cultures exhibit more lenient judgments toward moralized issues than those from collectivistic-oriented cultures. What is unclear to date is what kinds of cultural value motives underlie these attitudes. Are they driven only by intrinsic value motives (personal values) or also by extrinsic value motives (prescriptive values in the form of societal expectations about what should be valued)? The cultural press to conform is arguably stronger if moral attitudes are predicted by the latter. Participants from eight countries (N = 1,456) responded to a questionnaire containing a modified version of the Schwartz Value Survey assessing personal and prescriptive values. The results showed that personal value ratings of openness-to-change versus conservation at the culture and individual levels were predictive of individuals' moral attitudes consistent with previous findings. Prescriptive value ratings of openness-to-change versus conservation also predicted individuals' moral attitudes, but only at the aggregated culture level. This suggests that the prescriptive-values concept is a truly group level phenomenon and that attitudes toward moralized issues are guided by cultural values with normative qualities. Implications for intercultural contact situations are discussed.
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(2014): The Oxford handbook of emotion, social cognition, and problem solving in adulthood. New York: Oxford University Press (Oxford library of psychology). Online verfügbar unter http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199899463.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199899463
DOI: http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199899463.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199899463 Abstract: Over the last decade, the field of socio-emotional development and aging has rapidly expanded, with many new theories and empirical findings emerging. This trend is consistent with the broader movement in psychology to consider social, motivational, and emotional influences on cognition and behavior. The Oxford Handbook of Emotion, Social Cognition, and Problem Solving in Adulthood provides the first overview of a new field of adult development that has emerged out of conceptualizations and research at the intersections between socioemotional development, social cognition, emotion, coping, and
Keywords: Erwachsener, Psychosoziale Entwicklung -
(2014): The Oxford handbook of emotion, social cognition, and problem solving in adulthood. New York: Oxford University Press (Oxford library of psychology). Online verfügbar unter http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199899463.001.0001
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199899463.001.0001 Abstract: Over the last decade, the field of socio-emotional development and aging has rapidly expanded, with many new theories and empirical findings emerging. This trend is consistent with the broader movement in psychology to consider social, motivational, and emotional influences on cognition and behavior. The Oxford Handbook of Emotion, Social Cognition, and Problem Solving in Adulthood provides the first overview of a new field of adult development that has emerged out of conceptualizations and research at the intersections between socioemotional development, social cognition, emotion, coping, and
Keywords: Erwachsener, Psychosoziale Entwicklung -
(2014): In Defense of Shame. The Faces of an Emotion. In: Philosophical Psychology 28 (7), S. 1083-1086. DOI: 10.1080/09515089.2014.926439
Abstract: [book review] Reviewed publication: This is the first monograph on shame to take the results of many different disciplines into account. In it the authors present an original theory of shame centering on a distinctive form of self-evaluation involving the subject's feeling incapable to be and to behave in ways compatible with the values to which she is attached. It includes an extended critical examination of the most recent and older theories of shame (in particular those of M. Scheler, J. Rawls, G. Taylor, J. Deigh, D. Velleman, J. P. Tangney, R. Benedict, R. Wollheim, and H. B. Lewis) The authors clarify many common claims and misconceptions about shame (e.g. that shame is a social emotion, that shame is morally bad, etc.) and explain how shame is distinguished from other self-reflexive negative emotions such as guilt, embarrassment and humiliation. The book sheds light on the relations between shame episodes and the sense of shame (dignity, integrity, pudeur, decency) It hinges on several controversial theses: shame is not a social emotion, shame has to do with the subject's experiencing her own incapacity, shame is morally relevant and can be morally good.
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(2014): Robots show us how to teach them: feedback from robots shapes tutoring behavior during action learning. In: PLoS one 9 (3). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091349
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091349 Abstract: Robot learning by imitation requires the detection of a tutor's action demonstration and its relevant parts. Current approaches implicitly assume a unidirectional transfer of knowledge from tutor to learner. The presented work challenges this predominant assumption based on an extensive user study with an autonomously interacting robot. We show that by providing feedback, a robot learner influences the human tutor's movement demonstrations in the process of action learning. We argue that the robot's feedback strongly shapes how tutors signal what is relevant to an action and thus advocate a paradigm shift in robot action learning research toward truly interactive systems learning in and benefiting from interaction.
Keywords: Action Learning, Artificial intelligence, Feedback, Psychological, Female, Humans, Learning, Male, Robotics, Robots, tutoring -
(2014): Ambulatory Assessment of Affect: Survey of Sensor Systems for Monitoring of Autonomic Nervous Systems Activation in Emotion. In: IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing 5 (3), S. 251-272. DOI: 10.1109/TAFFC.2014.2332157
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(2014): Buffering the negative effects of employee surface acting. The moderating role of employee-customer relationship strength and personalized services. In: The Journal of applied psychology 99 (2), S. 341-350. DOI: 10.1037/a0034428
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24079672 Abstract: The impact of emotional labor on customer outcomes is gaining considerable attention in the literature, with research suggesting that the authenticity of emotional displays may positively impact customer outcomes. However, research investigating the impact of more inauthentic emotions on service delivery outcomes is mixed (see Chi, Grandey, Diamond, & Krimmel, 2011). This study explores 2 potential reasons for why the service outcomes of inauthentic emotions are largely inconsistent: the impact of distinct surface acting strategies and the role of service delivery context. Drawing on social-functional theories of emotions, we surveyed 243 dyads of employees and customers from a wide variety of services to examine the links between employee surface acting and customer service satisfaction, and whether this relationship is moderated by relationship strength and service personalization. Our findings suggest that faking positive emotions has no bearing on service satisfaction, but suppressing negative emotions interacts with contextual factors to predict customers' service satisfaction, in line with social-functional theories of emotions. Specifically, customers who know the employee well are less sensitive to the negative effects of suppressed negative emotions, and customers in highly personalized service encounters are more sensitive to the negative effects of suppressed negative emotions. We conclude with a discussion of theoretical and practical implications.
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(2014): Call playback artificially generates a temporary cultural style of high affiliation in marmosets. In: Animal Behaviour 93, S. 163-171. DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.04.027
Abstract: Cultural variation can be conceptualized in two main ways: as culture-specific qualitative differences in behavioural form, and also as quantitative variation in performance of constellations of universal behaviours (cultural style). Despite observation of both types in wild nonhuman primates, diffusion of qualitative culture has been scrutinized extensively experimentally while within-species transmission of cultural style has remained entirely unexplored. Here we investigated whether a cultural style of high affiliation could be artificially generated in a nonhuman primate (Callithrix jacchus), by daily playback of conspecific affiliative calls simulating nearby amicable individuals. We found that vocalization playback influenced monkeys to spend more time in affiliative behaviours outside playback hours, relative to silent playback. The effect was specific to affiliation, with no impact on other categories of affect. This change did not persist into the final phase of observation after all playbacks were complete. Findings are consistent with a temporary shift in cultural style effected through vocalization playback, supporting existence of this conception of culture in wild primates and indicating auditory social contagion as a potential diffusion mechanism. The method presented here will allow researchers to test hypotheses concerning cultural transmission of cultural style, and the underlying processes, across a range of contexts and species.
Keywords: BEHAVIOR, behaviour, Biologie, Callithrix jacchus, CALLITHRIX-JACCHUS, CAPUCHIN MONKEYS, CHIMPANZEES, COMMON MARMOSETS, Culture, culture specific, enrichment, Evolution, FOOD, Geräusch/Klang, nonhuman primate, SOCIAL DIFFUSION, social influence, Status / biologische Marker, traditions, transmission -
(2014): The Puffery and Practicality of Etiquette Books. A New Take on Victorian Information Culture. In: Library Trends 62 (3), S. 663-680. DOI: 10.1353/lib.2014.0011
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(2014): Designing collective behavior in a termite-inspired robot construction team. In: Science (New York, N.Y.) 343 (6172), S. 754-758. DOI: 10.1126/science.1245842
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24531967 Abstract: Complex systems are characterized by many independent components whose low-level actions produce collective high-level results. Predicting high-level results given low-level rules is a key open challenge; the inverse problem, finding low-level rules that give specific outcomes, is in general still less understood. We present a multi-agent construction system inspired by mound-building termites, solving such an inverse problem. A user specifies a desired structure, and the system automatically generates low-level rules for independent climbing robots that guarantee production of that structure. Robots use only local sensing and coordinate their activity via the shared environment. We demonstrate the approach via a physical realization with three autonomous climbing robots limited to onboard sensing. This work advances the aim of engineering complex systems that achieve specific human-designed goals.
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(2014): Transfer effects between moral dilemmas. A causal model theory. In: Cognition 131 (1), S. 28-43. DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2013.12.004
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24440432 Abstract: Evaluations of analogous situations are an important source for our moral intuitions. A puzzling recent set of findings in experiments exploring transfer effects between intuitions about moral dilemmas has demonstrated a striking asymmetry. Transfer often occurred with a specific ordering of moral dilemmas, but not when the sequence was reversed. In this article we present a new theory of transfer between moral intuitions that focuses on two components of moral dilemmas, namely their causal structure and their default evaluations. According to this theory, transfer effects are expected when the causal models underlying the considered dilemmas allow for a mapping of the highlighted aspect of the first scenario onto the causal structure of the second dilemma, and when the default evaluations of the two dilemmas substantially differ. The theory's key predictions for the occurrence and the direction of transfer effects between two moral dilemmas are tested in five experiments with various variants of moral dilemmas from different domains. A sixth experiment tests the predictions of the theory for how the target action in the moral dilemmas is represented. zitiert von: 40
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(2014): Affective robotics: Modelling and testing cultural prototypes. In: Cognitive Computation 6 (4), S. 814-840. DOI: 10.1007/s12559-014-9299-3
DOI: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2014-34304-001&site=ehost-live Abstract: If robots are to successfully interact with humans, they need to measure, quantify and respond to the emotions we produce. Similar to humans, the perceptual cue inputs to any modelling that allows this will be based on behavioural expression and body activity features that are prototypical of each emotion. However, the likely employment of such robots in different cultures necessitates the tuning of the emotion feature recognition system to the specific feature profiles present in these cultures. The amount of tuning depends on the relative convergence of the cross-cultural mappings between the emotion feature profiles of the cultures where the robots will be used. The GRID instrument and the cognitive corpus linguistics methodology were used in a contrastive study analysing a selection of behavioural expression and body activity features to compare the feature profiles of joy, sadness, fear and anger within and between Polish and British English. The intra-linguistic differences that were found in the profile of emotion features suggest that weightings based on this profile can be used in robotic modelling to create emotion-sensitive socially interacting robots. Our cross-cultural results further indicate that this profile of features needs to be tuned in robots to make them emotionally competent in different cultures. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Emotion & Robotik, Social robotic -
(2014): Coordination in Group Timing. In: Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 126. DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.02.301
Abstract: Social groups frequently engage in activities, which involve coordination of timing between group members. In many such activities, success depends on tightly synchronised timing. In some cases, for example, in rowing eights, timing is not the goal of the endeavour, yet each individual participant's timing is still closely linked to the timing of the group. In other cases, for instance small music group performance, timing is an explicit goal of the activity. In this talk, I will review a number of examples of coordinated multi-person timing and consider the question: how do participants in a group adjust their timing to each other?
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(2014) : Kommunikation in sozialen Netzwerken In: Kruse, Andreas: Das letzte lebensjahr: Zur korperlichen, psychischen und sozialen situation des alten ... menschen am ende seines lebens: [Place of publication not identified]: Kohlhammer Verlag, S. 127-135
Abstract: In einem Überblick werden grundlegende Prozesse der Kommunikation in sozialen Netzwerken betrachtet und Forschungsbefunde zur Online- und Offline-Kommunikation dargestellt. Folgende Aspekte werden behandelt: (1) Selbstdarstellung in sozialen Netzwerken (Selbstoffenbarung auf SNS (Social Networking-Seiten); Publikumsorientierung), (2) Aufbau eines sozialen Netzwerks (Beziehungsaufbau und -pflege online; Arten und Bedeutung von Online-Beziehungen), (3) Austausch im sozialen Netzwerk (Austausch in Abhängigkeit von Bindung an das Netzwerk und vom Wissen über andere und der Beziehung zu anderen; Bedeutung von Austausch für soziales Lernen und gesellschaftliche Teilhabe).
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(2014): Implications of Robot Actions for Human Perception. How Do We Represent Actions of the Observed Robots?. In: International Journal of Social Robotics 6 (3), S. 357-366. DOI: 10.1007/s12369-014-0239-x
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-014-0239-x Abstract: Social robotics aims at developing robots that are to assist humans in their daily lives. To achieve this aim, robots must act in a comprehensible and intuitive manner for humans. That is, humans should be able to cognitively represent robot actions easily, in terms of action goals and means to achieve them. This yields a question of how actions are represented in general. Based on ideomotor theories (Greenwald Psychol Rev 77:73-99, 1970) and accounts postulating common code between action and perception (Hommel et al. Behav Brain Sci 24:849-878, 2001) as well as empirical evidence (Wykowska et al. J Exp Psychol 35:1755-1769, 2009), we argue that action and perception domains are tightly linked in the human brain. The aim of the present study was to examine if robot actions would be represented similarly, and in consequence, elicit similar perceptual effects, as representing human actions. Our results showed that indeed robot actions elicited perceptual effects of the same kind as human actions, arguing in favor of that humans are capable of representing robot actions in a similar manner as human actions. Future research will aim at examining how much these representations depend on physical properties of the robot actor and its behavior.
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(2014) : Bottom dressing by a life-sized humanoid robot provided failure detection and recovery functions: 2014 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration: 2014 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration: Tokyo, Japan: IEEE, S. 564-570
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/SII.2014.7028101 Abstract: This paper describes dressing assistance by an autonomous robot. We especially focus on a dressing action that is particularly problematic for disabled people: the pulling of a bottom along the legs. To avoid injuring the subject's legs, the robot should recognize the state of the manipulated clothing. Therefore, while handling the clothing, the robot is supplied with both visual and force sensory information. Based on the them, dressing failure is detected and recovery from the failure is planned automatically. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is implemented and validated in a life-sized humanoid robot.
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(2014) : A social cognitive developmental perspective on moral judgment In: de Waal, Frans Bernardus Maria: Evolved Morality: The Biology and Philosophy of Human Conscience: Leiden, Netherlands: Brill, S. 179-199
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(2014): A stigmergic approach for social interaction design in collaboration engineering. In: Neurocomputing 146, S. 151-163. DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2014.04.061
Abstract: The increasing number of available collaborative tools and their extensive use in many organizational activities has constantly raised the complexity of collaboration engineering. It presumes the design of group decision processes, supported by a wide-range of groupware tools, in an ill-structured, dynamic, and open environment. As many of these processes are recurring by nature, the development of a shared repository to store the collective knowledge and experiences of group decision process designs became a core research topic of collaboration engineering in last few years. The paper presents a human-computer interaction engineering approach to design a software prototype that provides personalized, contextual and actionable recommendations for this problem. The approach emphasizes the computational aspects of collective intelligence, inspired from the stigmergic system designs, to structure these recommendations based on the collective knowledge that reflects not only the design space per se, but the collective experience in exploiting it as well. It is demonstrated by (1) detailing the engineering issues of an implemented prototype for the group decision process design; and (2) explaining its functionalities through a representative set of interaction scenarios. The paper covers the methodological, theoretical and practical aspects of engineering the above mentioned issues. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Design -
(2014) : An RGB-D based social behavior interpretation system for a humanoid social robot: 2014 Second RSI/ISM International Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (ICRoM): Tehran, Iran: IEEE, S. 185-190
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRoM.2014.6990898 Abstract: Humanoid social robots that interact with people need to be capable of interpreting the social behavior of their interaction partners in order to respond in a socially appropriate way. In this paper, we present a social behavior interpretation system that enables a humanoid robot to recognize human social behavior by analyzing communicative signals. The system receives the constructed RGB-D scene from a Kinect sensor, extracts information about body gesture and head pose from the scene using Microsoft Kinect SDK, and recognizes eight human social behaviors using a Hidden Markov Model (HMM). We trained the eight-state HMM with a corpus of 35 recorded human-human interaction scenes. The evaluation of the system shows a weighted average recognition rate of 81% for all states.
Keywords: Accuracy, Angemessen(heit) (von Technik), body gesture, eight-state HMM, Feature extraction, Gesture recognition, head pose, Hidden Markov model, Hidden Markov models, human social behavior, human-human interaction scenes, humanlike robot, humanoid social robot, human-robot interaction, ieee xplore, image colour analysis, image sensors, Joints, Kinect sensor, Microsoft Kinect SDK, pose estimation, RGB-D based social behavior interpretation system, RGB-D scene, Robot sensing systems, robot vision, social behavior interpretation system, social behavior recognition, Vectors, weighted average recognition rate -
(2014): Designing and Evaluating a Social Gaze-Control System for a Humanoid Robot. In: IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems 44 (2), S. 157-168. DOI: 10.1109/THMS.2014.2303083
Abstract: This paper describes a context-dependent social gaze-control system implemented as part of a humanoid social robot. The system enables the robot to direct its gaze at multiple humans who are interacting with each other and with the robot. The attention mechanism of the gaze-control system is based on features that have been proven to guide human attention: nonverbal and verbal cues, proxemics, the visual field of view, and the habituation effect. Our gaze-control system uses Kinect skeleton tracking together with speech recognition and SHORE-based facial expression recognition to implement the same features. As part of a pilot evaluation, we collected the gaze behavior of 11 participants in an eye-tracking study. We showed participants videos of two-person interactions and tracked their gaze behavior. A comparison of the human gaze behavior with the behavior of our gaze-control system running on the same videos shows that it replicated human gaze behavior 89% of the time.
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(2014): Emotion Prediction from Physiological Signals. A Comparison Study Between Visual and Auditory Elicitors. In: Interacting with Computers 26 (3), S. 285-302. DOI: 10.1093/iwc/iwt039
Abstract: Unlike visual stimuli, little attention has been paid to auditory stimuli in terms of emotion prediction with physiological signals. This paper aimed to investigate whether auditory stimuli can be used as an effective elicitor as visual stimuli for emotion prediction using physiological channels. For this purpose, a well-controlled experiment was designed, in which standardized visual and auditory stimuli were systematically selected and presented to participants to induce various emotions spontaneously in a laboratory setting. Numerous physiological signals, including facial electromyogram, electroencephalography, skin conductivity and respiration data, were recorded when participants were exposed to the stimulus presentation. Two data mining methods, namely decision rules and k-nearest neighbor based on the rough set technique, were applied to construct emotion prediction models based on the features extracted from the physiological data. Experimental results demonstrated that auditory stimuli were as effective as visual stimuli in eliciting emotions in terms of systematic physiological reactivity. This was evidenced by the best prediction accuracy quantified by the F-1 measure (visual: 76.2% vs. auditory: 76.1%) among six emotion categories (excited, happy, neutral, sad, fearful and disgusted). Furthermore, we also constructed culture-specific (Chinese vs. Indian) prediction models. The results showed that model prediction accuracy was not significantly different between culture-specific models. Finally, the implications of affective auditory stimuli in human-computer interaction, limitations of the study and suggestions for further research are discussed.