Alle Publikationen
2007
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(2007) : Interkulturelle Kommunikation aus erziehungswissenschaftlicher Sicht In: Moosmüller, Alois: Interkulturelle Kommunikation: Konturen einer wissenschaftlichen Disziplin: Münster: Waxmann, S. 97-117
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(2007) : Emotional Architecture for the Humanoid Robot Head ROMAN: Proceedings 2007 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation: Roma, Italy: IEEE Robotics & Automation Society, S. 2150-2155
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.2007.363639 Abstract: Humanoid robots as assistance or educational robots is an important research topic in the field of robotics. Especially the communication of those robots with a human operator is a complex task since more than 60% of human communication is conducted non-verbally by using facial expressions and gestures. Although several humanoid robots have been designed it is unclear how a control architecture can be developed to realize a robot with the ability to interact with humans in a natural way. This paper therefore presents a behavior-based emotional control architecture for the humanoid robot head ROMAN. The architecture is based on 3 main parts: emotions, drives and actions which interact with each other to realize the human-like behavior of the robot. The communication with the environment is realized with the help of different sensors and actuators which will also be introduced in this paper.
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(2007): Judges’ use of humor as a social corrective. In: Journal of Pragmatics 39 (1), S. 50-68. DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2006.07.001
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2006.07.001 Abstract: Although judging is serious business, the occasional humorous opinion is a longstanding tradition among both British and American judges. In the United States, humorous judicial opinions are frequently used by newspapers as filler articles, and numerous collections appear in books and on Internet websites, to the apparent delight of popular and professional audiences alike. However, despite a widespread absence of public disapprobation, some commentators have criticized judicial humor as inappropriate, arguing that a judge's role is not to entertain, and that an opinion that ridicules a litigant or his case violates standards of judicial decorum and impartiality. This article challenges the view that a judge's use of humor is necessarily injudicious, and argues that judges use humor as a social corrective to sanction wrongdoers and to deter others from engaging in similar conduct. Through an analysis of actual judicial opinions, I demonstrate how this is achieved.
Keywords: decorum, entscheiden, humor, Judicial opinions, Medien, Rechtswissenschaft, science direct, Social corrective -
(2007) : Lokales denken, globales handeln. interkulturelle zusammenarbeit und globales management In: Boersch, Cornelius; Eschen, Rainer (Hg.): Das Summa Summarum des Management: Berlin, Germany: Springer, S. 201-216
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(2007): Mixed-Initiative Human–Robot Interaction Using Hierarchical Bayesian Networks. In: IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans 37 (6), S. 1158-1164. DOI: 10.1109/TSMCA.2007.906570
Abstract: As the usage of service robots becomes more sophisticated, direct communication by means of human language is required to increase the efficiency of their performance. In natural speech interaction, however, people often omit some words and rely on background knowledge or the context, resulting in ambiguity. In order to develop smarter service robots, therefore, managing the context of interaction is essential. In this correspondence, we have investigated the mixed-initiative interaction that prompts for missing information and clarifies ambiguous statements based on hierarchically designed Bayesian networks. Simulation with the Kephera II robot and a usability test have demonstrated the usefulness of the proposed method.
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Hopf, Christel (2007): Frühe Bindungen und moralische Entwicklung. Aktuelle Befunde zu psychischen und sozialen Bedingungen moralischer Eigenständigkeit. Weinheim [u.a.]: Juventa-Verl. (Materialien)
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Houdmont, J.; McIntyre, S. (Hg.) (2007): Occupational health psychology. European perspectives on research, education and practice. Vol. 2. Castelo da Maia, PT: ISMAI Publishers
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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication; Ro-Man 2007 (2007): The 16th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, 2007. RO-MAN 2007 ; Jeju, Korea, 26 - 29 Aug. 2007. RO-MAN 2007 - The 16th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication. Jeju, South Korea, 8/26/2007 - 8/29/2007. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Service Center
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(2007): Employing personality-rich virtual persons—New tools required. In: Computers & Graphics 31 (6), S. 827-836. DOI: 10.1016/j.cag.2007.08.001
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2007.08.001 Abstract: Digital personalities are virtual characters that possess situation dependent, personality revealing behaviors. This paper introduces concepts, current and prospective usages of personality-rich virtual characters, and focus on authoring issues for artists that want to create digital portrays of digital persons. Different categories of digital personalities are introduced, in particular virtual actors for CG-movies are explained in more detail because of the importance of understanding the functioning of virtual actors—other types of virtual personalities will often be build upon the faculties of virtual actors. It is proposed that an essential feature of the prospective authoring process of digital personalities is the support of generalization. This would allow for a “concrete authoring”, that modifies and defines concrete cases. Thus, the author would be able to employ concrete cases as basis for generalizations. In this context, possible technologies that would support a concrete authoring process are presented, in particular Case-Based Reasoning.
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(2007) : Older Adult Perceptions of Smart Home Technologies: Implications for Research, Policy & Market Innovations in Healthcare: 2007 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society: 2007 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society: New York NY: IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, S. 1810-1815
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2007.4352665 Abstract: Advances in information communications technology and related computational power are providing a wide array of systems and related services that form the basis of smart home technologies to support the health, safety and independence of older adults. While these technologies offer significant benefits to older people and their families, they are also transforming older adults into lead adopters of a new 24/7 lifestyle of being monitored, managed, and, at times, motivated, to maintain their health and wellness. To better understand older adult perceptions of smart home technologies and to inform future research a workshop and focus group was conducted with 30 leaders in aging advocacy and aging services from 10 northeastern states. Participants expressed support of technological advance along with a variety of concerns that included usability, reliability, trust, privacy, stigma, accessibility and affordability. Participants also observed that there is a virtual absence of a comprehensive market and policy environment to support either the consumer or the diffusion of these technologies. Implications for research, policy and market innovation are discussed.
Keywords: ieee xplore, Usability & Technology -
(2007) : Towards Realistic Facial Behaviour in Humanoids - Mapping from Video Footage to a Robot Head: 2007 IEEE 10th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics: Piscataway NJ: IEEE, S. 833-840
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORR.2007.4428521 Abstract: Rehabilitation robotics and physical therapy could greatly benefit from engaging and motivating, robotic caregivers which respond in accordance to patients’ emotional and social cues. Recent studies indicate that human-machine interactions are more believable and memorable when a physical entity is present, provided that the machine behaves in a realistic manner. It is desirable to adopt face-to-face communication because it is the most natural and efficient way of exchanging information and does not require users to alter their habits. Towards this end, we describe a process for animating a robot head, based on video input of a human head. We map from the 2D coordinates of feature points into the robot’s servo space using Partial Least Squares (PLS). Learning is done using a small set of keyframes manually created by an animator. The method is efficient, robust to tracking errors and independent of the scale of the face being tracked.
Keywords: Animation, Computer animation, Facial animation, human-machine interactions, Humanoid Robots, Humanoids, Humans, ieee xplore, Künstliche Intelligenz, Learning, learning (artificial intelligence), Magnetic heads, Man machine systems, medical robotics, Medical treatment, Orbital robotics, partial least squares, patient rehabilitation, physical therapy, realistic facial behaviour, Rehabilitation robotics, robot head, Robot kinematics, robot servo space, servomechanisms, video footage -
(2007): Participatory sense-making. In: Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 6 (4), S. 485-507. DOI: 10.1007/s11097-007-9076-9
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(2007): Culture and leadership across the world. The GLOBE book of in-depth studies of 25 societies. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
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(2007) : A Computational Model of Culture-Specific Conversational Behavior In: Pelachaud, Catherine; Martin, Jean-Claude; André, Elisabeth; Chollet, Gérard; Karpouzis, Kostas; Pelé, Danielle (Hg.): Intelligent virtual agents: 7th international conference, IVA 2007, Paris, France, September 17-19, 2007: Proceedings, 4722: Berlin: Springer (Lecture notes in computer science Lecture notes in artificial intelligence), S. 45-56
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(2007) : Zivilcourage und Möglichkeiten ihrer Förderung In: Gollwitzer, Mario: Gewaltprävention bei Kindern und Jugendlichen: Aktuelle Erkenntnisse aus Forschung und Praxis: Göttingen [u.a.]: Hogrefe, S. 200-212
Abstract: Das Konzept der Zivilcourage wird definiert und ihre Förderung speziell bei Kindern und Jugendlichen wird beschrieben. Zunächst wird Zivilcourage von anderen Formen der Hilfeleistung abgegrenzt und somit eine theoretische Grundlage für die in der Folge beschriebenen Trainings geschaffen. Zudem wird entlang dieser Definition eine Abgrenzung zu anderen general- und spezialpräventiv wirkenden Maßnahmen vorgenommen. Die Vermittlung von Zivilcourage kann auf mehreren Wegen geschehen: (1) die direkte Vermittlung über Trainings und über eigenständiges Lernen mittels teilweise multimedial aufbereiteter Publikationen; (2) die indirekte Vermittlung über die Schulung von Personenkreisen, die mit Kindern und Jugendlichen in professionellen oder engen Peer-Kontakten stehen. In diesem Kontext wird auch auf die Bedeutung von Preisen und Vorbildern eingegangen. Abschließend werden Besonderheiten der jugendlichen Teilnehmer hinsichtlich ihrer Ausgangsbedingungen und Motivationslage thematisiert. zitiert von: 5
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(2007): Ethics of unprofessional behavior that disrupts. Crossing the line. In: Journal of vascular surgery 45 (2), S. 433-435. DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2006.11.043
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2006.11.043 Abstract: As chief of surgery, you have been contacted by the managing operating room (OR) nurse about Dr Frank N. Stein’s behavior earlier this morning. Dr Stein, a senior surgeon, has long had a reputation for outlandish behaviors in the OR. He is the impeccable gentleman outside that environment, loved by patients and nonoperating personnel alike. He has an international reputation as a master technical surgeon, operates as efficiently as anyone on the planet, and has the largest practice at the medical center. He has survived beyond the generation of tolerance because he has retained the same OR crew that over the years have calloused enough to regard his scurrilousness as just being Dr S. Today, he crossed the line. Dr. Stein, known for his colorful diatribes, trounced decorum when he ordered the operative team, excepting the anesthesiologist, out of the OR and demanded that a new team be substituted. This resulted from a shouting match with a new circulator when she took issue with a personal insult. The transition was accomplished, causing delays in both Dr Stein’s OR and several other ORs where substitute nurses were commandeered. At least one other faculty surgeon has complained about the inconvenience. In your office, Frank, long a colleague, insists that the nurses involved are assassins and refuses to work with them from this day. What should be done?
Keywords: Agonistic Behavior, Attitude of Health Personnel, Beispiel, Clinical, Clinical Competence, Control, decorum, Disziplin, Employee Discipline, Ethics, Ethik, Fehlverhalten, General Surgery, Grenzüberschreitung, Humans, Medical Errors, Medizin, Patient Care Team, Philosophie, Physician-Nurse Relations, Physicians/ethics, Prevention, Professional Misconduct, Rolle (Beruf), Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Hierarchie, Übertretung von sozialen Grenzen/Gewalt, Umgangsformen, Unprofessionel -
(2007) : Field trial approach for communication robots: The 16th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, 2007: RO-MAN 2007 ; Jeju, Korea, 26 - 29 Aug. 2007: RO-MAN 2007 - The 16th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication: Jeju, South Korea: 8/26/2007 - 8/29/2007. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication; Ro-Man 2007: Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Service Center, S. 665-666
Abstract: Over the past several years, many humanoid robots have been developed, and they can typically make sophisticated human-like expressions with their head and arms. We believe that humanoid robots will be suitable for communicating with people. The human-like bodies of humanoid robots enable humans to intuitively understand their gestures and cause people to unconsciously behave as if they were communicating with humans. In the future, we believe that these robots will behave as peer-partners to support daily human activities based on advanced communication capabilities. In order to develop such a "communication robot," we are studying bodily interaction between humans and the robot in a laboratory environment, where we found the importance of cooperative behaviors. Moreover, the developed robots were tested in field trials, which are important for studying potential real-world applications of communication robots, still a largely unexplored field.
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(2007): Accuracy in Judgments of Aggressiveness. In: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 33 (9), S. 1225-1236. DOI: 10.1177/0146167207303026
DOI: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2753446 Abstract: Perceivers are both accurate and biased in their understanding of others. Past research has distinguished between three types of accuracy: generalized accuracy, a perceiver’s accuracy about how a target interacts with others in general; perceiver accuracy, a perceiver’s view of others corresponding with how the perceiver is treated by others in general; and dyadic accuracy, a perceiver’s accuracy about a target when interacting with that target. Researchers have proposed that there should be more dyadic than other forms of accuracy among well-acquainted individuals because of the pragmatic utility of forecasting the behavior of interaction partners. We examined behavioral aggression among well-acquainted peers. A total of 116 9-year-old boys rated how aggressive their classmates were toward other classmates. Subsequently, 11 groups of 6 boys each interacted in play groups, during which observations of aggression were made. Analyses indicated strong generalized accuracy yet little dyadic and perceiver accuracy.
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(2007): Integrating simulation and theory of mind: from self to social cognition. In: Trends in cognitive sciences 11 (5), S. 194-196. DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2007.02.002
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(2007): Human-robot interfaces for social interaction. In: International Journal of Robotics and Automation 22 (3), S. 215-221. DOI: 10.2316/Journal.206.2007.3.206-2957
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2316/Journal.206.2007.3.206-2957 Abstract: This paper presents an overview of human-robot interfaces focusing particularly on social robot interfaces. Based on the multimodality and adaptivity dimensions, the human-robot interfaces are classified in four categories: direct-manipulation interfaces, multimodal interfaces, adaptive interfaces, and social interfaces. Integrating social interfaces with agent technology can help build human-robot interfaces. These interfaces have multimodality and adaptivity as two main features inspired from social interfaces. They also acquire autonomy, reactivity, pro-activeness, and cooperativeness as essential properties inspired from agent technology. The paper discusses the necessary features for social interface agents.
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(2007): Forming and reacting to overall fairness. A cross-cultural comparison. In: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 104 (1), S. 83-95. DOI: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2007.01.004
Abstract: This study compared the cross-cultural formation and reactions toward overall fairness perception of employees from the US, China, Korea, and Japan. Distributive justice was related to overall fairness less strongly for Americans and Japanese than for Chinese and Koreans. In contrast, interactional justice was related to overall fairness more strongly for Americans and Japanese than for Chinese and Koreans. As expected, materialism seems to provide a coherent account of these cultural differences. In addition, overall fairness showed a stronger effect on turnover intention for Americans than for Chinese and Koreans. For job satisfaction, the effect of overall fairness was stronger for Americans than for Chinese, Koreans, and Japanese. Power distance seems to provide an adequate account of these cultural differences.
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(2007) : Challenges on the Development of Robotic Intelligence: RO-MAN 2007 - The 16th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication: RO-MAN 2007 - The 16th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication: Jeju, Korea: IEEE
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2007.4415106 Abstract: The ultimate goal of intelligent robots is to provide various and practical services that satisfy human's needs. To provide various services, it is important to develop an intelligence system, capable of being flexible and adaptable to uncertain dynamic environment in robot's working space. In other words, it is necessary to obtain automatic modeling technologies for environment perceptions such as SLAM, automatic object modeling and registration, etc, and the intelligence system that receives knowledge on the environment from the perceptions. As the first challenge in this program, we propose achieving new robotic tasks based on the automatic registration of new objects or sendees. The key elements of this proposition are the development of the flexible intelligence system that is capable of registering perception knowledge to a knowledge base and the reliable perception technologies such as vision- and audition-based recognition technologies. The practical services mean the realization of robotic services capable of providing emotional and physical assistance to humans. To achieve the emotional assistance, we try to develop a robot system that shows royalty to the owner like a pet gradually as the owner interacts with the robot. The factors that influence to the royalty could be the perception of human's emotions and expression of the robot's emotion that is proper to the human's emotion. For the physical assistance, we try to develop dependable manipulation technologies that make the assistance on meal preparation possible. The key technologies for such manipulation are the development of hand and manipulator and its control that can handle various kitchenware such as dishes, cups, etc. Additionally it is essential to develop bio-mimetic electronic skin for force sensing and dependable object recognition. This paper introduces the integration efforts and its demonstration results.
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(2007) : Panne oder Provokation. Gewollte Regelbrüche in Politik und Diplomatie des Spätmittelalters In: Stollberg-Rilinger, Barbara; Weller, Thomas (Hg.): Wertekonflikte - Deutungskonflikte: Internationales Kolloquium des Sonderforschungsbereichs 496 an der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 19.- 20. Mai 2005: Münster: Rhema, S. 85-104Keywords: Youssef, Ramy
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(2007): Wird die Gerontotechnik die Zukunft des Alterns verändern? Ethische Aspekte und psychologische Modelle zu Akzeptanz und Motivation technischer Innovationen. In: Psychopraxis 4. Online verfügbar unter HTTP://sfx.hbz-nrw.de/sfx_bie?genre=article&isbn=&issn=14341883&title=Psychopraxis&volume=4&issue=&date=20070101&atitle=Wird%20die%20Gerontotechnik%20die%20Zukunft%20des%20Alterns%20ver%C3%A4ndern%3F%20Ethische%20Aspekte%20und%20psychologische%20Modelle%20zu%20Akzeptanz%20und%20Motivation%20technischer%20Innovationen&aulast=Kryspin-Exner%2C%20Ilse&spage=20&sid=EBSCO%3APSYNDEX%3A%20Literature%20and%20Audiovisual%20Media%20with%20PSYNDEX%20Tests&pid=
Abstract: Vor dem Hintergrund einer steigenden Zahl pflegebedürftiger Menschen werden die Möglichkeiten der Gerontotechnik unter Berücksichtigung ethischer Aspekte und psychologischer Modelle zur Akzeptanz und Motivation thematisiert. Mit dem Begriff "Assistive Technologies" werden verschiedene Produkte oder Hilfsmittel bezeichnet, die Personen in ihren Tätigkeiten des täglichen Lebens (activities of daily living) unterstützen sollen. Chancen und Probleme dieser Form der Unterstützung werden am Beispiel von "Ambient Assisted Living" (AAL) und Überwachung (etwa Telemonitoring) erörtert. AAL zielt darauf ab, den Verbleib älterer und pflegebedürftiger Menschen in ihrem Zuhause durch technische Unterstützung zu ermöglichen oder zu verlängern. Überwachung beinhaltet verschiedene technische Systeme der Beobachtung älterer und pflegebedürftiger Menschen im Hinblick auf ihre Vitalfunktionen. Neben der ethischen Frage der Zumutbarkeit (Kontrolliertheit, Eingriff in die Privatsphäre) werden mögliche negative Konsequenzen des Einsatzes von AAL und Überwachungssystemen (reduzierte Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung, Abhängigkeit von Geräten, erlernte Hilflosigkeit bzw. gelernte Abhängigkeit) angesprochen. Abschließend wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie ältere Menschen im Sinne einer Compliance motiviert werden können, die Möglichkeiten der Gerontotechnik zu nutzen. In diesem Zusammenhang wird kurz auf das Modell der Selektion, Optimierung und Kompensation von Baltes und Baltes eingegangen. In der zusammenfassenden Diskussion wird betont, dass es auch bei der gerontotechnologischen Unterstützung um die differenzielle Therapieindikation und damit um eine Bedürfnisanalyse geht, wann welche Produkte bei welcher Klientel Unterstützung zum selbständigen Leben in häuslicher Umgebung bieten können.
Keywords: Ethik, Gerontologie -
(2007): Wird die Gerontotechnik die Zukunft des Alterns verändern? Ethische Aspekte und psychologische Modelle zu Akzeptanz und Motivation technischer Innovationen. In: Psychopraxis (4). Online verfügbar unter URL: http://www.springer.com/medicine/journal/739
Abstract: Vor dem Hintergrund einer steigenden Zahl pflegebedürftiger Menschen werden die Möglichkeiten der Gerontotechnik unter Berücksichtigung ethischer Aspekte und psychologischer Modelle zur Akzeptanz und Motivation thematisiert. Mit dem Begriff "Assistive Technologies" werden verschiedene Produkte oder Hilfsmittel bezeichnet, die Personen in ihren Tätigkeiten des täglichen Lebens (activities of daily living) unterstützen sollen. Chancen und Probleme dieser Form der Unterstützung werden am Beispiel von "Ambient Assisted Living" (AAL) und Überwachung (etwa Telemonitoring) erörtert. AAL zielt darauf ab, den Verbleib älterer und pflegebedürftiger Menschen in ihrem Zuhause durch technische Unterstützung zu ermöglichen oder zu verlängern. Überwachung beinhaltet verschiedene technische Systeme der Beobachtung älterer und pflegebedürftiger Menschen im Hinblick auf ihre Vitalfunktionen. Neben der ethischen Frage der Zumutbarkeit (Kontrolliertheit, Eingriff in die Privatsphäre) werden mögliche negative Konsequenzen des Einsatzes von AAL und Überwachungssystemen (reduzierte Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung, Abhängigkeit von Geräten, erlernte Hilflosigkeit bzw. gelernte Abhängigkeit) angesprochen. Abschließend wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie ältere Menschen im Sinne einer Compliance motiviert werden können, die Möglichkeiten der Gerontotechnik zu nutzen. In diesem Zusammenhang wird kurz auf das Modell der Selektion, Optimierung und Kompensation von Baltes und Baltes eingegangen. In der zusammenfassenden Diskussion wird betont, dass es auch bei der gerontotechnologischen Unterstützung um die differenzielle Therapieindikation und damit um eine Bedürfnisanalyse geht, wann welche Produkte bei welcher Klientel Unterstützung zum selbständigen Leben in häuslicher Umgebung bieten können.