Alle Publikationen
2003
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(2003) : Interpersonale und interkulturelle Kommunikation In: Bergemann, Niels; Sourisseaux, Andreas L. J. (Hg.): Interkulturelles Management: 3., vollständig überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage: Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, S. 109-135
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(2003) : Schemata-Driven Multi-objective Optimization In: Fonseca, Carlos M. da; Fleming, Peter J.; Zitzler, Eckart; Thiele, Lothar; Deb, Kalyanmoy (Hg.): Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization: Second International Conference, EMO 2003, Faro, Portugal, April 8-11, 2003. Proceedings: Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer (Lecture Notes in Computer Science), S. 192-206
Abstract: This paper investigates the exploitation of non-dominated sets’ schemata in guiding multi-objective optimization. Schemata capture the similarities between solutions in the non-dominated set. They also reflect the knowledge acquired by multi-objective evolutionary algorithms. A schemata-driven genetic algorithm as well as a schemata-driven local search algorithm are described. An experimental study to evaluate the suggested approach is then conducted.
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(2003): Kultur, Selbstkonzept und Kognition. In: Zeitschrift für Psychologie / Journal of Psychology 211 (4), S. 212-224. DOI: 10.1026//0044-3409.211.4.212
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1026//0044-3409.211.4.212 Abstract: Members of individualist cultures define their selves primarily as an autonomous and independent entity (independent self-construal). In collectivist cultures, identity is more likely defined by stressing the connectedness with others and being interdependent with them (interdependent self-construal). Many previous researchers have suggested that individuals process social information differently, depending on their self-construal. However, the exact mechanisms by which self-knowledge of one kind or the orther influences information processing have hitherto not fully been understood. One possible reason for this deficit is that causal hypotheses about the influence of indpendent and interdependent self-knowledge can not directly be tested in cross-cultural studies. In the present article we, therefore, present a model of the self, which aims at integrating the cross-cultural perspective on the self and a cognitive perspective on the dynamic nature of human information pro cessing. We review empirical evidence for the predictions derived from our model. Finally, possible theoretical contributions for both cross-cultural and cognitive psychology are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 39
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(2003) : Geschlecht, Gewalt, Gesellschaft In: Lamnek, Siegfried: Otto-von-Freising-Tagungen der Katholischen Universität Eichstätt: Geschlecht, Gewalt, Gesellschaft: Opladen; Opladen: Leske + Budrich (Otto-von-Freising-Tagungen der Katholischen Universität Eichstätt)
Abstract: Die Beiträge zur interdisziplinären Fachtagung "Geschlecht, Gewalt, Gesellschaft", die vom 3. bis 5. Juli 2003 vom Lehrstuhl für Soziologie II an der Katholischen Universität Eichstätt veranstaltet wurde, werden dokumentiert. - Inhalt: (A) Einführung. (1) M. Boatca und S. Lamnek: Gegenwartsdiagnosen zu Gewalt im Geschlechterverhältnis. - (B) Zum sozio-kulturellen Kontext von Gewalt. (2) M. Meuser: Gewalt als Modus von Distinktion und Vergemeinschaftung. Zur ordnungsbildenden Funktion männlicher Gewalt. (3) M. Boatca: Kulturcode Gewalt. (4) J. Kersten: "Gender and Crime". Die Tragweite kulturübergreifender Ansätze. (5) M. Riekenberg: Stichwort über Gewaltkulturen und Narrativität in Lateinamerika. (6) G. Smaus: Die Mann-von-Mann-Vergewaltigung als Mittel zur Herstellung von Ordnungen. (7) M. Bereswill: Gewalt als männliche Ressource? Theoretische und empirische Differenzierungen am Beispiel junger Männer mit Hafterfahrungen. - (C) Genderperspektiven und Gewaltdiskurse. (8) S. Scheerer und N. Schuhmacher: Witz, Geschlecht, Gewalt - am Beispiel von Terrorismus-Witzen. (9) R. Ottermann: Geschlechterdividenden in Gewaltdiskursen. (10) M. Bock: "Natürlich nehmen wir den Mann mit". Über Faktenresistenz und Immunisierungsstrategien bei häuslicher Gewalt. (11) U. Popp: Das Ignorieren "weiblicher" Gewalt als "Strategie" zur Aufrechterhaltung der sozialen Konstruktion von männlichen Tätern. - (D) Jugendgewalt im Geschlechterverhältnis. (12) K. Bruhns: Mädchen in gewaltbereiten Jugendgruppen: Gewaltbereitschaft als Geschlechterkonstruktion. (13) G. Heiland: Aktionsmächtige Girls. (14) K. Boers und A. Pöge: Wertorientierungen und Jugenddelinquenz. (15) D. Oberwittler: Geschlecht, Ethnizität und sozialräumliche Benachteiligung. Überraschende Interaktionen bei sozialen Bedingungsfaktoren von Gewalt und schwerer Eigentumsdelinquenz von Jugendlichen. (16) H. Lukesch: Das Weltbild des Fernsehens. Ausgewählte Ergebnisse einer inhaltsanalytischen Studie zu geschlechtsspezifischen Aggressivitäts- und Prosozialitätsdarstellungen im Fernsehen. (17) M. Walter: Probleme einer kriminalpolitischen Gewalttäter-Typisierung: das Beispiel jugendlicher "Intensivtäter". - (E) Gewalt in und außerhalb von (Intim-) Partnerschaften. (18) J. Gemünden: Gewalt in Partnerschaften im Hell- und Dunkenfeld. Zur empirischen Relevanz der Gewalt gegen Männer. (19) D. Hermann: Gewalttätige Männer und gewaltlose Frauen? Eine kultursoziologische Erklärung geschlechtsspezifischer Unterschiede. (20) B. Krahé: Aggression von Männern und Frauen in Partnerschaften: Unterschiede und Parallelen. (21) J. Mansel: Die Selektivität strafrechtlicher Sozialkontrolle. Frauen und Delinquenz im Hell- und Dunkelfeld, als Opfer und Täter, als Anzeigende und Angezeigte. (22) H. Peters: Ist sexuelle Gewalt schlimmer geworden? Versuch einer definitionstheoretisch begründeten Antwort. (23) H. Kury: Wie werden Opfer von Straftaten gesehen? (24) K. Liebl: Gewalterfahrung und Gewaltentstehung im Polizeialltag. Eine geschlechtsspezifische Untersuchung. - (F) Prävention und Praxis. (25) D. Marth: Frauenhandel - Möglichkeiten der Prävention? (26) S. Lamnek: Sex und Crime - Prostitution und Menschenhandel. (27) U. Auer und Mitarbeiter: Qualitative and quantitative Untersuchung forensischer Gutachten bei Sexualstraftaten. (28) J. Müller: Kinder, Frauen, Männer - Gewaltschutz ohne Tabus.
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Lamnek, Siegfried (2003): Otto-von-Freising-Tagungen der Katholischen Universität Eichstätt. Geschlecht, Gewalt, Gesellschaft. Katholische Universität Eichstätt. Opladen; Opladen: Leske + Budrich (Otto-von-Freising-Tagungen der Katholischen Universität Eichstätt)
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(2003): Towards an anatomy of politeness in communication. In: International Journal of Pragmatics 14, S. 101-123
Abstract: [-]
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(2003): Konzeptframes und Relationen. Extraktion, Annotation und Analyse französischer Corpora aus dem World Wide Web. Zugl.: Hamburg, Univ., Diss., 2003. Berlin: Akad. Verl.-Ges. Aka (Dissertationen zur künstlichen Intelligenz)
Abstract: "Konzeptframes und Relationen" untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Wissen, Wissensrepräsentation und sprachlichen Corpora am Beispiel der Extraktion von französischen Textabschnitten aus dem Web. Interpretationen der Corpora werden in aussagekräftigen und allgemeinen linguistischen Strukturen angeordnet: den Konzeptframes. Die automatische Erhebung von semantischen Umgebungen von Lexemen aus dem Netz rückt die Linguistik näher heran an die Empirie und weiter weg von der Beispiele-Linguistik; durch die systematische Anordnung und Auswertung des Weltwissens erfährt der Terminus eine überzeugende Integration in die lexikalische Semantik. Vorgestellt werden die automatischen Extraktionsmethoden, das computerunterstützte Annotationsverfahren mit Hilfe einer linguistisch motivierten Ontologie und die Auswertungen der Ergebnisse. Letztere betreffen u. a. den Ausbau der verwendeten Ontologie, die Aufstellung von Mustern des sprachlichen Ausdrucks von Relationen in Corpora, die Entwicklung und Interpretation intrakonzeptueller Strukturen und die Umwandlung der gesammelten Wissensbestände in ein Format für das Semantic Web. Darüber hinaus gibt die Arbeit einen Überblick über weitere Arbeiten auf den relevanten Gebieten
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(2003): Training in coping and pro-social competence abilities in homeless youngsters. In: REVISTA MEXICANA DE PSICOLOGIA 20 (2), S. 201-209
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to adapt, instrument and evaluate a training program of coping skills and prosocial communication, whose goals were to decrease achievement, personal, and home problems. Participants were seven teenagers between the ages of 16 and 21, two men and five women with a homeless history, low achievement and family disfunction. The intervention program considered four programmatic components in the form of exercises discovery, meeting, established rules, and plan (PAPs). The results obtained from a multiple baseline design through scenarios show a decrease in the behaviors reported by subjects in all three scenarios; however, it is necessary to have collateral measures to confirm those data obtained from teenagers' self-reports.
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(2003) : Ethnomethodology and Conversation Analysis. In: Reynolds, Larry T.: Handbook of symbolic interactionism: Lanham, Md.: AltaMira Press, S. 173-202
Abstract: Over the past thirty years, symbolic interactionists have proposed, on one hand, a synthesis between symbolic interactionism and ethnomethodology, or, on the other hand, that these two forms of sociology are philosophically, conceptually, and methodologically incompatible. In reply, ethnomethodologists argue that neither the synthetic version nor the incompatibility hypothesis accurately understands ethnomethodology. Conversation analysis, which is related to ethnomethodology, no doubt gets painted by the same brushstrokes, and conversation analysts would raise similar objections to arguments about either synthesis or incompatibility. We agree that a synthesis between symbolic interactionism (SI) and ethnomethodology (EM) and conversation analysis (CA) is not possible. However, we do view SI and EM/CA as at least partly congruent. A chapter on EM and CA, accordingly, has a place in a book that is mainly about SI, and we aim to describe EM and CA and their approaches to th e study of everyday life and interaction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 110
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(2003): New visions of human–computer interaction. Making affect compute. In: International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 59 (1), S. 33-53. DOI: 10.1016/S1071-5819(03)00059-4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1071-5819(03)00059-4 Abstract: Looking at the intersection of cognition, emotion, computing, and context reveals various historical gaps that are important to understand in order to progress in applying affective computing technologies to real-world problems involving human–computer interaction (HCI). The paper reviews several streams of research along these lines while striving for a philosophical and conceptual understanding of what affecting computing means for new visions of HCI. In turn this provides a foundational structure for positioning the special issue and sets up the papers to provide readers with a broad exposure to the potential (and hazards) involved with affective computing as it impacts cognate areas of emphasis. Finally, the hope is put forth that affective computing must be developed as a user-centered technology to be of value for unexplored frontiers of the digital global economy.
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Mead, George Herbert; Joas, Hans (Hg.) (2003): Gesammelte Aufsätze. Band 1. 1. Aufl., [Nachdr.]. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp (Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch Wissenschaft)
Keywords: Soziologie -
(2003) : Die Genesis der Identität und die soziale Kontrolle In: Mead, George Herbert; Joas, Hans (Hg.): Gesammelte Aufsätze: Band 1: 1. Aufl., [Nachdr.]: Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp (Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch Wissenschaft), S. 299-328Keywords: Soziale Kontrolle, Soziologe
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(2003): Cultural differences in emotions. A context for interpreting emotional experiences. In: Behaviour Research and Therapy 41 (7), S. 777-793. DOI: 10.1016/S0005-7967(02)00189-4
Abstract: In this article, it is suggested that cross-cultural assessment of emotional disturbances would benefit from the consideration of cultural differences in the modal, and normative emotions. A summary of the research literature on cultural differences in emotions, in particular in antecedent events, subjective feeling, appraisal, and behavior is provided. Cultural differences in emotions are understood functionally, such that the most prevalent emotional phenomena in a culture are those that fit and reinforce the distinct cultural models (i.e. goals and practices) of self and relationship. It is argued that a culture-sensitive approach to emotional disturbances would entail the assessment of emotional phenomena that are dysfunctional to the cultural models of self and relationship. (C
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(2003): Gender and politeness. 1. publ. Cambridge u.a.: Cambridge University Press
Abstract: Gender and Politeness challenges the notion that women are necessarily always more polite than men as much of the language and gender literature claims. Sara Mills discusses the complex relations between gender and politeness and argues that although there are circumstances when women speakers, drawing on stereotypes of femininity to guide their behaviour, will appear to be acting in a more polite way than men, there are many circumstances where women will act just as impolitely as men. The book aims to show that politeness and impoliteness are in essence judgements about another's interventions in an interaction and about that person as whole, and are not simple classifications of particular types of speech. Drawing on the notion of community of practice Mills examines the way that speakers negotiate with what they perceive to be gendered stereotypes circulating within their particular group.
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(2003): Defining dirt. Three early modern views of obscenity. In: TEXTUAL PRACTICE 17 (2), S. 253-275
Abstract: This essay examines the workings of bad language in the early modem period, along with its social and political contexts - why and under what circumstances some words were deemed inappropriate for polite or moral discourse and literature. In early modern English, words such as "shit' or "fuck' were not considered "swearing', but rather occupied a separate category of "wanton' or "obscene' language. Thomas Elyot's The Boke Named the Governour , Desiderius Erasmus' De Copia and George Puttenham's The Arte of English Poesie pay particular attention to this category. They investigate it from different perspectives, but reach similar conclusions: obscene words have an offensive power in excess of their literal meaning, exposing body parts and actions that should be concealed to a greater degree than do their more decorous synonyms. These texts also agree that the rules of decorum which govern obscenity are extremely flexible, so much so that obscene words may be the most useful and even the most appropriate terms in certain circumstances.
Keywords: Angemessenheit, Appropriateness, Appropriateness of inappropriateness, decorum, Fehlverhalten, fluchen, Grenzen, Grenzüberschreitung, Gruppenverhalten / Joint Action, Höflichkeitsforschung, (Im)Politeness Research, Inappropriateness, Interaktion, Konventionen, Literaturwissenschaft, Modelle/Theorien, Normen, Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Obszönität, Respekt, Sprache, Sprachgebrauch, Status / biologische Marker, swearing, Umgangsformen, Unangemessenheit -
(2003): What friends are for! The use of routine standards in social comparison. In: Journal of personality and social psychology 85 (3), S. 467-481
Abstract: Investigated the use of routine standards of social comparison in self-evaluation. Experiments 1-3 studied whether information about subjects' best friends is used as a routine standard and is therefore more accessible immediately after self-evaluative judgments. A lexical-decision task was performed by 36 college students in Experiment 1 after they had evaluated themselves or a well-known celebrity on several dimensions. Lexical decisions for the best friend's name (but not the name of a former friend) were facilitated after self-evaluation. Experiment 2 required 33 college students to evaluate a best friend or former friend immediately after self-evaluation on the same dimensions, and showed faster response times for friends compared to former friends. This response advantage resulted even in Experiment 3, where 58 college students rated their best friend on dimensions on which they considered themselves dissimilar. The role of an experimentally created routine standard was studied in Experiment 4: 28 college students received information about two fictitious persons either immediately before self-evaluations (routine standard) or in an isolated format (non-routine standard). Results showed an influence of the routine standard on self-evaluation. It is concluded that in self-evaluation, individuals activate information about persons they routinely compare themselves with. The use of routine standards in social comparison is considered an efficient strategy in self-evaluation. Moreover, implications for social comparison theory, the mechanisms of forming and using routine standards, as well as the limits or routine standard use are outlined. zitiert von 138
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(2003): Signaling goodness. Social rules and public choice. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press (Economics, cognition, and society). Online verfügbar unter http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3998/mpub.17724
DOI: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3998/mpub.17724 Abstract: Charity and evolution -- Charity and reciprocity -- Political charity -- Political positions and imitative behavior -- Goodness -- Activism -- A study of political positions -- The growth of government -- Environmental policy Political, intellectual, and academic discourse in the United States has been awash in political correctness, which has itself been berated and defended -- yet little understood. As a corrective, Nelson and Greene look at a more general process: adopting political positions to enhance one's reputation for trustworthiness both to others and to oneself. Phillip Nelson and Kenneth Greene are Professors of Economics in the Department of Economics at the State University of New York, Binghamton
Keywords: Altruism, Charities, Political sociology, Public interest, Social Norms, Social Perception -
(2003): Ego-centered networks and the ripple effect. In: Social Networks 25 (1), S. 83-95. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-8733(02)00039-4
Abstract: Recent work has demonstrated that many networks have broad distributions of vertex degree. Here we show that this has a substantial impact on the shape of ego-centered networks and on concepts and methods based on ego-centered networks, such as snowball sampling and the "ripple effect". In particular, we argue that one's acquaintances, one's immediate neighbors in the acquaintance network, are far from being a random sample of the population, and that this biases the numbers of neighbors two and more steps away. We demonstrate this concept using data on academic collaboration networks. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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(2003) : Problems of artificial emotions in mental therapy: Proceedings 2003 IEEE International Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation. Computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation for the New Millennium (Cat. No.03EX694), 2: Kobe, Japan: IEEE
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/CIRA.2003.1222243 Abstract: Development of artificial intelligence has enabled us to design software agents and robots having more humanlike behaviors. In particular, research focus on emotions in this discipline has contributed to this type of design methods. This research trend leads to application of artificial intelligence to healing for humans, in particular, mental therapy. However, it has sufficiently not been either investigated or discussed how artificial emotions of software agents and robots in the specific contexts of mental therapy can affect mental states of individuals, the societies, and cultures. This paper discusses some problems of artificial emotions in mental therapy from the perspectives of the sociology of emotions, clinical sociology, and the sociology of health and illness, in particular, relating with the concept of double bind.
Keywords: Application software, artificial emotions, Artificial intelligence, clinical sociology, double blind concept, emotions sociology, health sociology, human behaviors, Human robot interaction, Humanoid Robots, ieee xplore, illness sociology, intelligent agent, intelligent robots, Künstliche Intelligenz, Medical treatment, mental therapy, PSYCHOLOGY, Robots, robots design, Sociology, Software agents, software agents design -
(2003): At the interface of the affective, behavioral, and cognitive neurosciences: Decoding the emotional feelings of the brain. In: Brain and Cognition 52 (1), S. 4-14. DOI: 10.1016/S0278-2626(03)00003-4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-2626(03)00003-4 Abstract: This article summarizes recent conceptual and empirical advances in understanding basic affective processes of hte mammalian brain and how we might distinguish affective from cognitive processes. Six reasons are advanced for distinguishing the two types of consciousness, including (i) the presence of experienced valence, (ii) cortical sub-cortical locus of control, (iii) different developmental trajectories, (iv) informational vs organic considerations, (v) differences in bodily expressions, (vi) differences in cerebral laterality. The position is advanced that to make progress on understanding the neurobiological nature of affect, we need to utilize experimental strategies different from those that are common in cognitive science.
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(2003) : The Functional Neuroimaging of Human Emotion: Asymmetric Contributions of Cortical and Subcortical Circuitry In: Hugdahl, Kenneth; Davidson, Richard J. (Hg.): The asymmetrical brain: Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, S. 511-532
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(2003): The Unacknowledged Role of Emotion in Theories of Close Relationships: How Do Theories Feel?. In: Communication Theory 13 (2), S. 78-99
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(2003): Cultural Insights to Justice: A Theoretical Perspective Through a Subjective Lens. In: Journal of Business Ethics 46 (2), S. 187-199
Abstract: Distributive, procedural, and interactional justice are constructs that are increasingly being recognized as important factors that affect individual perceptions in the workplace environment. This paper presents a theoretical perspective that suggests that justice is perceived through a subjective lens that consists of individualized beliefs and proposes that cultural attributes and demographic characteristics play an integral part in determining the perception of justice. The distinctions between these three constructs are presented in context with the core beliefs of individual employees – affected by a multitude of perceptual and demographic factors that we briefly identify herein. Based on the theoretical perspective, an instrument that measures the constructs of justice as perceived by individuals was developed. With a focus on justice within the business setting, hypotheses about attitudes related to justice were tested. Survey results confirm that the three constructs of justice are distinct but correlated. Significant differences were found in the perceptions of African-American respondents with regard to procedural justice. Although the empirical findings do not support all the hypotheses, this research highlights the need for further development of measures to assess the perception of justice in business settings and at an applied level, underscores the importance of recognizing cultural attributes and demographic characteristics in understanding how justice is perceived.
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(2003): Grundelemente einer Theorie sozialer Praktiken. Eine sozialtheoretische Perspektive. In: Zeitschrift für Soziologie 32 (4), S. 282-301
Abstract: Against the background of the recent diagnosis of a "practice turn" in social theory and cultural analysis, this article works out basic elements of what a "practice theory" can be in contrast to alternative social and cultural theories. Three features are of particular relevance for a theory of social practices: the "informal," tacit logic of practices and the location of the social in practical understanding and know-how-techniques; the materiality of practices as dependent on bodies and artefacts; finally, the tension between routinization and basic incalculabilities of social practices.
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Reynolds, Larry T. (2003): Handbook of symbolic interactionism. Lanham, Md.: AltaMira Press
Keywords: Ethnometodology