Alle Publikationen
2008
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Rohmann, Elke; Herner, Michael Jürgen; Fetchenhauer, Detlef (Hg.) (2008): Sozialpsychologische Beiträge zur Positiven Psychologie. Eine Festschrift für Hans-Werner Bierhoff. Lengerich: Pabst
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(2008): TEACHER TRAINING IN SPAIN (1838-2008): SOCIAL NEEDS, COMPETENCES AND SUBJECT STUDIES FRAMEWORK. In: EDUCACION XX1 (11), S. 73-101
Abstract: The study presents a longitudinal analysis of the subject studies programmes which, according to the precise needs of society at specific historical moments -between 1838 and 2008- were designed in order to train teachers. The analysis presents the competences with which teachers were provided, as can be contrasted in these subject studies programmes. The aim of the analysis is to provide useful ideas helpful to the design of the present subject studies programmes for the new official degrees (Degree of Teacher in Infant Education and Degree of Teacher in Primary Education) in 2008, which will finally lead to the settlement of the historical debt we have with the teaching profession of the infant and primary levels of education.
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(2008): Vom rationalen Akteur zum „systemic dope“. Eine Auseinandersetzung mit der Sozialtheorie von Hartmut Esser*. In: Berliner Journal für Soziologie 18 (1), S. 156-178. DOI: 10.1007/s11609-008-0008-5
Abstract: In the past fifteen years Hartmut Esser has developed an integrative social theory, that tries to resolve the contradictions between the sociological theory of action on the one hand and the economic model of behaviour on the other hand. This article attempts to show that Esser loses track of his two main reference points in the development of his social theory: on the one hand the model of an explanatory sociology and on the other hand the RREEMM-Modell of a creative and resourceful actor bounded by restrictions. This can be shown especially with regard to two aspects of his theory: Firstly, Esser's connection between the theory of action and systems theory leads to an undercomplex and empirically wrong description of the ancillary conditions of action in specific situations; secondly, the approach contains a theoretical explanation of action decisions, that does not consider appropriately some of the sociologically most important types of social action. Therefore, the conditions for a correct explanation of social phenomena are not given in Esser's social theory.
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(2008): Intentionality, communicative intentions and the implication of politeness. In: Intercultural Pragmatics 5 (3), S. 287-314. DOI: 10.1515/IPRG.2008.014
Abstract: Working within the relevance-theoretic paradigm (Sperber & Wilson 1995 [1986]), complemented with the cognitive linguistic approach (Johnson 1987; Lakoff & Johnson 1980), the paper proposes that politeness is an optional metarepresentation of an "interpersonal attitude" (Haugh 2007: 91) that concerns the domain of intentionality. The paper first addresses the issue of "noticed" vs. "unnoticed" politeness with respect to utterance processing and argues that "unnoticed" (conventional) politeness can exist in interaction on the level of "background consciousness" (O'Driscoll 1996: 1) and that processing of non-conventional utterances need not go through full-fledged inferential processing to achieve polite interpretations. Politeness is described as an implication that may result via the integration of the metarepresentation of (communicative) intentions and evaluative meta-representations of the interlocutors' social acts.
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Sarges, Werner; Scheffer, David (Hg.) (2008): Innovative Ansätze für die Eignungsdiagnostik. Göttingen: Hogrefe
Keywords: Eignungsdiagnostik -
(2008) : In guten wie in schlechten Tagen - Prädiktoren und Konsequenzen des Beziehungscommitments In: Rohmann, Elke; Herner, Michael Jürgen; Fetchenhauer, Detlef (Hg.): Sozialpsychologische Beiträge zur Positiven Psychologie. Eine Festschrift für Hans-Werner Bierhoff: Lengerich: Pabst, S. 45-72
Abstract: Es wird ein Überblick zu Prädiktoren und Konsequenzen des Beziehungscommitments gegeben. Das Beziehungscommitment stellt ein mehrdimensionales Konstrukt dar, das in einem engen Zusammenhang mit der Beziehungsstabilität steht. Es umfasst die psychologische Bindung an den Beziehungspartner, die Langzeitorientierung und die Intention, diese Beziehung fortzusetzen. Empirische Befunde bestätigen die Relevanz der vom Investitionsmodell nach C. E. Rusbult angenommenen Prädiktoren: So wird das Beziehungscommitment positiv von der Zufriedenheit und den Investitionen und negativ von den Alternativen beeinflusst. Die Bedeutung dieser Austauschvariablen für das Beziehungscommitment wird allerdings durch partnerschaftliche Interdependenz moderiert. Hinsichtlich der Konsequenzen des Beziehungscommitments verweisen Studien darauf, dass das Beziehungscommitment mit zahlreichen beziehungsförderlichen Verhaltensweisen (etwa Treue, Verzeihen, positive Illusionen über den Partner, Abwertung attraktiver Alternativen) einhergeht. Vor dem Hintergrund, dass eine dauerhafte und zufriedenstellende Partnerschaft für die meisten Menschen eine sehr hohe Bedeutung für ihr Lebensglück hat, wird die Relevanz des Beziehungscommitments im Sinne der Positiven Sozialpsychologie deutlich.
Keywords: Beziehungsqualität, commitment, COUPLES, Ehe und Familie, Glück, Group & Interpersonal Processes, Gruppendynamik und interpersonelle Prozesse, interpersonal relationships, Interpersonelle Beziehungen, Investitionsmodell von Beziehungen, investment model & interdependency & stability of partnership & relationship-promoting behavior & relationship satisfaction & life satisfaction & positive social psychology, Lebenszufriedenheit, Life Satisfaction, Marriage & Family, Paare, Partnerschaft/ Beziehung, Positive Psychologie, Positive Psychology, predictors & consequences of relationship commitment, Relationship Quality, Sozialpsychologie, Verpflichtung -
(2008): Liberating voices. A pattern language for communication revolution. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. Online verfügbar unter http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=254030
Abstract: n recent decades we have witnessed the creation of a communication system that promises unparalleled connectedness. And yet the optimistic dreams of Internet-enabled engagement and empowerment have faded in the face of widespread Internet commercialization. In Liberating Voices, Douglas Schuler urges us to unleash our collective creativity--social as well as technological--and develop the communication systems that are truly needed. Inspired by the vision and framework outlined in Christopher Alexander's classic 1977 book, A Pattern Language, Schuler presents a pattern language containing 136 patterns designed to meet these challenges. Using this approach, Schuler proposes a new model of social change that integrates theory and practice by showing how information and communication (whether face-to-face, broadcast, or Internet-based) can be used to address urgent social and environmental problems collaboratively. Each of the patterns that form the pattern language (which was developed collaboratively with nearly 100 contributors) is presented consistently; each describes a problem and its context, a discussion, and a solution. The pattern language begins with the most general patterns ("Theory") and proceeds to the most specific ("Tactics"). Each pattern is a template for research as well as action and is linked to other patterns, thus forming a single coherent whole. Readers will find Liberating Voices an intriguing and informative catalog of contemporary intellectual, social, and technological innovations, a practical manual for citizen activism, and a compelling manifesto for creating a more intelligent, sustainable, and equitable world.
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(2008): The Three Logics of Selection theory of Action as Theory of Defining the Situation. In: Zeitschrift für Soziologie (37.5), S. 362-379
Abstract: Using Hartmut Esser's model of frame selection as a point of reference, this paper examines how different ways of defining a situation influence the selection of action. The introduction of the model of frame selection has substantially changed the theory of action within the macro-micro-macro-model of sociological explanation. The theory of action has become closely related to the sociology of knowledge: the theory of action as the theory of defining the situation. This paper contributes to this theoretical approach. It is argued that the criteria for selecting between the interpretive patterns which orient and guide actions depend on three different forms of defining the situation: (1) defining the situation constatively, i.e. identifying the characteristics of a given situation; anti two forms of defining the situation performatively: (2) constituting the situation by referring to a definition of the situation which is effectively enforceable or (3) constituting the situation by referring to a definition of the situation which is commonly shared. The assumption that the different ways of selecting between interpretive patterns depend on these three forms of defining the situation contradicts the view of the current model of frame selection, which in this respect refers to the difference between an automatic-spontaneous and a reflective-calculating mode of selection.
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(2008): Assessment of social and auditory intelligence. New perspectives and approaches. Lengerich: Pabst
Abstract: Investigated the constructs of auditory and social intelligence and their relationship to academic intelligence, personality, and working memory. Following a theoretical overview of theories and models of the different facets of intelligence and related constructs, the development of 2 tests for the assessment of social and auditory intelligence is described. 2 main studies were conducted which examined the psychometric properties of the multimedia tests as well as the relationships between the underlying constructs and academic intelligence, working memory, and musical experience. The findings are discussed with respect to the internal construct validity of auditory and social intelligence, their relationship to the other constructs examined, and the relationship between social-auditory and general auditory intelligence. Suggestions are made for further improvement of the tests, and implications for further research are discussed.
Keywords: Academic Aptitude, Auditive Wahrnehmung, Auditory Perception, Fähigkeit (Schule und Hochschule), Intelligence Measures, Intelligenztests, Kurzzeitgedächtnis, Multiple Intelligences, Multiple Intelligenzen, Personality Scales & Inventories, Persönlichkeitstests, Social Skills, Soziale Fertigkeiten, Soziale Intelligenz, Short Term Memory, Test Validity, Testvalidität -
(2008): Dissociative experience and cultural neuroscience. Narrative, metaphor and mechanism. In: Culture, medicine and psychiatry 32 (1), S. 31-64. DOI: 10.1007/s11013-007-9077-8
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18213511 Abstract: Approaches to trance and possession in anthropology have tended to use outmoded models drawn from psychodynamic theory or treated such dissociative phenomena as purely discursive processes of attributing action and experience to agencies other than the self. Within psychology and psychiatry, understanding of dissociative disorders has been hindered by polemical "either/or" arguments: either dissociative disorders are real, spontaneous alterations in brain states that reflect basic neurobiological phenomena, or they are imaginary, socially constructed role performances dictated by interpersonal expectations, power dynamics and cultural scripts. In this paper, we outline an approach to dissociative phenomena, including trance, possession and spiritual and healing practices, that integrates the neuropsychological notions of underlying mechanism with sociocultural processes of the narrative construction and social presentation of the self. This integrative model, grounded in a cultural neuroscience, can advance ethnographic studies of dissociation and inform clinical approaches to dissociation through careful consideration of the impact of social context.
Keywords: Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Beeinflussung sozial angemessenen Verhaltens, Brain/physiopathology, chemisch / neurologisch / medikamentös / durch Substanzen, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Cultural Characteristics, Culture, Dissociative Disorders/diagnosis/physiopathology/psychology, Female, Humans, Konstruktion des Selbst, Magic, Mental Healing, metaphor, Narration, Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Pathologie, Religion and Psychology, Social Conformity, Witchcraft -
(2008): Die gesellschaftliche Stellung des Kindes und die deutsche Gesetzgebung. The social position of the child and German legislation. In: Zeitschrift fur Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualpolitik
Abstract: German law considers the child the possession of his parents, and for that reason the parents are bound by right and duty to provide for the physical, mental, and spiritual soundness of the child. This provision extends to illegitimate as well as to legitimate offspring. This legislation was adequate for the agricultural period of German development. Then it was customary for three generations to live under one roof; the children helped the father in the fields and the mother in her household duties, illegitimate children felt little stigma and grew up in the home of the mother. With the growth of large industrial centers the father found his work farther from his home, and the mother had less and less to do in the home, so that the 'chores' for the children became non-existent. 80% of the population of Germany today can no longer use the help of the child in the home. Families are smaller--now only the parents and minor children are at home. The illegitimate child is usually in an institution. There is little opportunity for the child to learn his father's work from daily association. Moreover, the state has invaded parental 'rights and duties,' with compulsory school attendance, child labor laws, and the like. It is becoming necessary to provide wholesome recreation, medical supervision, and in some instances food and clothing. The raising of children is no longer the duty of the family, but must be aided by the state. The child deserves to be brought up under the public supervision of the state, in which the parents work with full advantage of all social aids. This appears too expensive, but would really be no more costly than the wasteful methods in force today. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2008) : Sexismus In: Petersen, Lars-Eric: Stereotype, Vorurteile und soziale Diskriminierung: Theorien Befunde und Interventionen: 1. Aufl.: Weinheim [u.a.]: Beltz PVU, S. 121-130
Abstract: Thematisiert werden theoretische und empirische Grundlagen des Sexismus als vorurteilsbesetzte Einstellung und diskriminierende Verhaltensweise gegenüber Personen aufgrund ihrer Geschlechtszugehörigkeit. Eingegangen wird dabei auf (1) die Bedeutung der Geschlechtsvariable, (2) Geschlechterstereotype, (3) geschlechtsbezogene Einstellungen (traditioneller oder altmodischer Sexismus, moderner Sexismus, ambivalenter Sexismus, mehrdimensionale Konzeption von Sexismus). Im Weiteren werden Ergebnisse einer Studie von Glick, Diebold, Bailey-Werner und Zhu zu ambivalentem Sexismus und polarisierenden Einstellungen gegenüber Frauen berichtet. Im Rahmen der Untersuchung wurden 40 weibliche und 40 männliche Studenten gebeten, für sie persönlich relevante Subtypen von Frauen zu generieren. Insgesamt verweisen die Befunde darauf, dass im Vergleich zu nicht-sexistischen Männern sexistische Männer Frauen in Subtypen einordnen, die mit polarisierenden Bewertungen verbunden sind. Sofern sich Frauen einem "gemochten" (traditionellen) oder aber "abgelehnten" (nicht-traditionellem) Subtyp zuordnen lassen, führen ambivalente Einstellungen nicht zu konfligierenden Gefühlen und kognitiver Dissonanz, da ihnen in Abhängigkeit vom Subtyp entweder hostile oder benevolente Einstellungen entgegengebracht werden. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass allerdings deutliche Dissonanz entsteht, wenn Frauen etwa Merkmale oder Einstellungen beider Subtypen aufweisen, was eher als Regel denn als Ausnahme erachtet wird. zitiert von 128
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(2008): The beautiful in the commonplace. In: European Journal of Cultural Studies 11 (1), S. 83-100. DOI: 10.1177/1367549407084965
Abstract: During fieldwork in a rehabilitation institution for drug abusers, I(1) became aware that certain, apparently commonplace, informal interaction situations between residents and staff appeared to constitute emotionally moving and identity-constructing situations which apparently had a great impact on the residents. These situations seem, on the surface, to be trivial, minor, superficial and very common. Still, and perhaps because of their 'smallness', they show qualities that suggest authentic interaction, immediate and unfeigned, by participants. This article draws upon an analysis of what I have called 'love-bearing interaction situations' (Skatvedt, 2001) and connects this with theoretical insights drawn from the work of Erving Goffman and Johan Asplund, and from Howard Becker's labelling theory.(2) Of particular interest is a notion touched upon by Goffman, namely, the expression of love in commonplace interaction.
Keywords: Alltag, compassion, Disziplin, Goffman, Soziale Integration, INTEGRATION, Interaktion, Kooperation, Liebe, Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Pathologie, Philosophie, realness, Vertrauen, Voraussetzungen für sozial angemessenes Verhalten, Zuneigung -
(2008): A Language for Modeling Cultural Norms, Biases and Stereotypes for Human Bevavior Models. In: BRIMS
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(2008) : The philosophy of emotions In: Lewis, Michael: Handbook of emotions: 3. ed.: New York: Guilford Press, S. 3-16
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(2008): Internet Users' Information Privacy-Protective Responses. A Taxonomy and a Nomological Model. In: MIS Quarterly 32 (3), S. 503-529. DOI: 10.2307/25148854
Abstract: Although Internet users are expected to respond in various ways to privacy threats from online companies, little attention has been paid so far to the complex nature of how users respond to these threats. This paper has two specific goals in its effort to fill this gap in the literature. The first, so that these outcomes can be systematically investigated, is to develop a taxonomy of information privacy-protective responses (IPPR). This taxonomy consists of six types of behavioral responses-refusal, misrepresentation, removal, negative word-of-mouth, complaining directly to online companies, and complaining indirectly to third-party organizations-that are classified into three categories: information provision, private action, and public action. Our second goal is to develop a nomological model with several salient antecedents-concerns for information privacy, perceived justice, and societal benefits from complaining-of IPPR, and to show how the antecedents differentially affect the six types of IPPR. The nomological model is tested with data collected from 523 Internet users. The results indicate that some discernible patterns emerge in the relationships between the antecedents and the three groups of IPPR. These patterns enable researchers to better understand why a certain type of IPPR is similar to or distinct from other types of IPPR Such an understanding could enable researchers to analyze a variety of behavioral responses to information privacy threats in a fairly systematic manner. Overall, this paper contributes to researchers' theory-building efforts in the area of information privacy by breaking new ground for the study of individuals' responses to information privacy threats.
Keywords: Datenschutz, Datenschutz & Privatssphäre, digitale Ökonomie, Disziplin, Ethik, Im (wissenschaftlichen) Diskurs, manners, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Öffentlicher vs. privater Raum, Online, Philosophie, Privacy and data, Privatsphäre, Reflexionen über MTR, social media, Soziale Angemessenheit, User, Wirtschaftsinformatik -
(2008): Philosophie der Orientierung. Berlin; New York: De Gruyter
Abstract: Everyone talks about orientation, but there have been hardly any attempts since Kant to say exactly what orientation is. It is the most everyday thing, the point from which all things depart and to which all return. As such, it is a philosophical question. In a debate with the most important philosophical approaches to this subject, Werner Stegmaier explains the conditions and structures of everyday orientation in which sexual, political, religious, and ethical orientation are embedded, and in doing so, gives philosophy a new foundation
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(2008): Changes in social-emotional competences of adolescents during an animal-assisted-training (MTI). In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 43 (3-4)
Abstract: [es handelt sich vermutlich um einen Kurzabstract in einer Zeitschrift und nicht um einen Artikel]
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(2008): Intraorganizational Respect and Organizational Participation: The Mediating Role of Collective Identity. In: Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 11 (1), S. 5-20. DOI: 10.1177/1368430207084842
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430207084842 Abstract: A panel study with two points of measurement throughout a four-month interval (N = 189) in the context of a socio-political organization was conducted to examine the role of collective identity in mediating the relationship between perceived respect and organizational participation. Path analyses confirmed that the effect of perceived respect at Time 1 on organizational participation at Time 2 was fully mediated by the cognitive component of collective identity ('importance-to-identity'). Interestingly, although perceived respect at Time 1 also had a significant effect on the evaluative component of collective identity ('private collective self-esteem'), this component was not involved in the mediation. Including perceived individual benefits as statistical controls in the model did not change this picture. In fact, with regard to the link between perceived benefits and participation results also point to a mediating role of the cognitive component of collective identity. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
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(2008): Gender Differences in Aggression. The Role of Status and Personality in Competitive Interactions. In: Sex Roles 59 (11-12), S. 814-826. DOI: 10.1007/s11199-008-9486-3
Abstract: Southwest US undergraduates (78 female, 72 male) were tested in a laboratory aggressive behavior paradigm involving noise blasts participants could use against another (bogus) same-sex competitor in a point-earning task. Status of the competitor (low vs. high) and expectation to meet the competitor (meet vs. no meet) were experimentally manipulated. A significant gender × aggression proneness × status interaction indicated that aggression-prone men were more likely to aggress against a high status competitor, while aggression-prone women were more likely to aggress against a low status competitor. Interactions of narcissism and sensation seeking with gender and anticipated meeting indicated that men but not women high in these personality traits were more likely to aggress, but only towards competitors they anticipated meeting. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2008) : Chapter 6 - A Strategy for Incorporating Social Intelligence in the Design of Virtual Environments: Social Structure and Emotion: San Diego: Academic Press, S. 95-106
Abstract: With increased speed and reliability of computer networks, new communication tools have emerged that allow human actors to enter virtual spaces to interact with one another and digitally rendered and programmed others. In the realm of worklife, virtual environments are emerging as a popular training tool. The question of the conditions under which interaction in a virtual environment approximates interaction in a face-to-face setting represents an issue that is becoming increasingly important across both work and leisure domains of social life. This chapter examines factors that affect the behavior of human actors in virtual environments. It addresses the question among researchers and users of virtual reality technologies and integrates elements of social psychological theories: affect control theory and identity theory with insights from a social risk framework to develop a theoretical framework that addresses this question. A critical element in this framework is the roles that affect plays in triggering socially appropriate responses in virtual actors. This framework provides a foundation for incorporating social intelligence in the design of virtual environments.
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(2008): Kairos and practice wisdom in social work practice. In: European Journal of Social Work 11 (2), S. 131-143. DOI: 10.1080/13691450701357315
Abstract: Practice wisdom is a form of practical moral reasoning when social workers face the complexity and uncertainty encountered in practice. Following a literature review on practice wisdom in social work, its essential features are discussed, identifying a neglected element in the literature—the element of time. The element of time is found to be implicitly considered in models of social work practice but not in relation to practice wisdom. If the right action has to be taken in the right place, and at the right time, the concept of practice wisdom would be much impoverished if the element of time is not considered in its discussion. Hence, the concepts of kairos—qualitative time, and chronos—quantitative time, are discussed. The relevance and usefulness of kairos in social work practice are pointed out. Social workers need to work with ‘time within time’, be conscious of clients’ sense of time, know what to do as well as what not to do at the appropriate time. Finally, the inextricable link between time and space and the possible emergence of novelty and ingenuity are examined to bring out the creative dimension of practice wisdom.
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(2008): The Development of Children’s Orientations toward Moral, Social, and Personal Orders. More than a Sequence in Development. In: Human Development 51 (1), S. 21-39. DOI: 10.1159/000113154
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000113154 Abstract: Lawrence Kohlberg first published details of his research on the development of moral judgments in Vita Humana (later titled Human Development). Along with a series of other articles and essays, he greatly influenced research on moral development. He was instrumental in moving the field out of the narrow confines of analyses of psychological mechanisms to inclusion of substantive philosophical definitions of the domain. He persuaded many researchers to take morality seriously as a realm pertaining to people's thinking about how they ought to relate to each other and how social systems should be organized. Although several aspects of Kohlberg's theoretical formulations are now not widely accepted, most researchers (though not all) are concerned with combining epistemological considerations with psychological analyses and view children as possessing moral capacities not solely imposed by adults. One of these theoretical perspectives, discussed in this essay, is based on distinc tions am ong social domains. Problems in current research, especially on morality and neuroscience, that fails to attend to epistemological considerations are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von: 108
Keywords: Entwicklungspsychologie, Moral -
(2008): How Collective Representations Can Change the Structure of the Brain. In: Journal of Consciousness Studies 15 (10-11), S. 43-57
Abstract: Culture not only influences human psychology and perceptions of self, others and reality, it also, in certain contexts, influences the quality and degree of consciousness itself. If the brain gives shape to consciousness, then we would expect culture to have a corresponding impact on the functional anatomy and microstructure of the brain. The concept of ‘collective representations’, as developed by Durkheim, refers to the often crucial components of human life that have meaningful existence only because we agree that they do — such as customs, money, religion, cosmology, language, games, laws, power structures and artistic genres. We present recent imaging research which illuminates the feedback relationship between these two types of representation — the collective and the cortical — and which demonstrates that collective representations can have well-defined cortical representations.
Keywords: Bewusstsein, Culture, Durkheim, Erkenntnistheorie, Gehirnstruktur, Kognitionswissenschaft/Social Sciences/Humanities, Kultur, kulturspezifisch, microstructure of the brain, Neurologie, Neuroscience, Neurowissenschaften, Plastizität des Gehirns in Bezug auf Kulturvarianz, Psychologie, Theorie der Normen und Kollektive Repräsentationen (Durkheim) -
(2008) : Schemas In: Donsbach, Wolfgang: The international encyclopedia of communication: Vol. X: Rhetoric in Western Europe: France - Structuration Theory: Oxford u.a.: Blackwell, S. 4493-4497Keywords: Schematheorie