Alle Publikationen
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2009
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(2009): The Efficiency of Social Comparisons With Routine Standards. In: Social Cognition 27 (6), S. 939-948. DOI: 10.1521/soco.2009.27.6.939
Abstract: Demonstrated that social comparisons with routine standards are faster and hence more efficient than comparisons with other standards. Routine standards are people with whom one has compared frequently in the past. The 1st study (n=74 college students) focused on naturally occurring routine standards such as one's best friend, and former school friends were used as nonroutine standards. In the 2nd study (n=42 college students), it was shown that experimentally established routine standards also facilitate comparisons with the self. Importantly, the facilitation occurred even though no standard selection was necessary. Previous research suggests that routine standards are more efficient because routinely using the same standard circumvents the need to select standards for each comparison anew. However, the present results are concluded to indicate that the comparison process itself becomes faster if one compares oneself with a routine standard rather than with a new standard. zitiert von 21
2003
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(2003): What friends are for! The use of routine standards in social comparison. In: Journal of personality and social psychology 85 (3), S. 467-481
Abstract: Investigated the use of routine standards of social comparison in self-evaluation. Experiments 1-3 studied whether information about subjects' best friends is used as a routine standard and is therefore more accessible immediately after self-evaluative judgments. A lexical-decision task was performed by 36 college students in Experiment 1 after they had evaluated themselves or a well-known celebrity on several dimensions. Lexical decisions for the best friend's name (but not the name of a former friend) were facilitated after self-evaluation. Experiment 2 required 33 college students to evaluate a best friend or former friend immediately after self-evaluation on the same dimensions, and showed faster response times for friends compared to former friends. This response advantage resulted even in Experiment 3, where 58 college students rated their best friend on dimensions on which they considered themselves dissimilar. The role of an experimentally created routine standard was studied in Experiment 4: 28 college students received information about two fictitious persons either immediately before self-evaluations (routine standard) or in an isolated format (non-routine standard). Results showed an influence of the routine standard on self-evaluation. It is concluded that in self-evaluation, individuals activate information about persons they routinely compare themselves with. The use of routine standards in social comparison is considered an efficient strategy in self-evaluation. Moreover, implications for social comparison theory, the mechanisms of forming and using routine standards, as well as the limits or routine standard use are outlined. zitiert von 138
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