Alle Publikationen
2011
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(2011) : Unschärfe und Mehrwertigkeit. »Interkulturelle Kompetenz« vor dem Hintergrund eines offenen Kulturbegriffs In: Dreyer, Wilfried; Hößler, Ulrich (Hg.): Perspektiven interkultureller Kompetenz: Beiträge und Erkenntnisse eines Symposiums, das die Hochschule Regensburg zu Ehren des 70. Geburtstags von Prof. Dr. Alexander Thomas im November 2009 veranstaltete: Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, S. 55-70
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(2011): Does the measurement of peer deviance change the relationship between self-control and deviant behavior?. An analysis of friendship pairs. In: Journal of Criminal Justice 39 (6), S. 521-530. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2011.10.001
Abstract: Purpose: The measurement debate between social learning and self-control theories has predominantly focused on self-control, leaving an unexplored and equally important measurement controversy concerning the operationalization of the peer delinquency construct. This study addresses how self-control's relationship with deviant and criminal behavior changes when peer deviance is statistically controlled for using an indirect, perceptual measure or a self-report directly from a peer. Methods: Data from 796 friendship pairs are used to estimate a series of regression models that regress respondent deviance onto indirect and direct peer deviance and attitudinal and behavioral self-control measures while controlling for elements of the social bond and demographic characteristics. Results: When an indirect measure of peer delinquency is replaced with a direct measure from respondents’ friends, the relationships between self-control—attitudinal and behavioral measures—and deviance and criminal behavior are consistently larger. The use of a direct peer deviance measure does not prove the peer deviance-crime relationship spurious, but does substantially weaken the relationship between self-control and deviance and criminal behavior. Conclusions: The strength of the relationship between self-control and deviant/criminal behavior is contingent on how peer deviance is operationalized, regardless of how self-control is measured (attitudinally or behaviorally). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 28
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(2011): Coordination in Human and Primate Groups. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Abstract: Examines and describes small group coordination. The authors formulate an overview of the basic group challenge (group task) of coordination and describe how the context of the group task regulates the group's functions (effectiveness criteria) for achieving the task. Varying facets of the coordination challenge (coordination entities, mechanisms, dynamics, and levels) are explored. Finally, an inclusive functions-entities-mechanisms-patterns (FEMP) model of group coordination is presented. zitiert von 22
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(2011): Respektvolle Führung. Wie sie geht, was sie fördert und warum sie sinnvoll ist. Zugl.: Lüneburg, Univ., Diss., 2011. 1. Aufl.. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag / Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH Wiesbaden (Entscheidungs- und Organisationstheorie)
Abstract: Respektvolle Führung beschreibt einen Umgang von Führungskräften mit ihren Mitarbeitern, der sich unter anderem durch Vertrauen, Anerkennung, Höflichkeit und Fairness auszeichnet. Basierend auf einer umfangreichen empirischen Studie zeigt Jan Borkowski, dass der Grad respektvoller Führung deutlich mit der Organisationskultur und der Persönlichkeit der Führungskraft zusammenhängt und sich positiv auf Arbeitszufriedenheit und Mitarbeiterleistung auswirkt. Dabei schätzen Führungskräfte den eigenen Grad respektvoller Führung unabhängig davon ein, wie sie von ihren Mitarbeitern gesehen werden. Der Autor fasst seine Ergebnisse in einem Modell zusammen und entwickelt praktische Empfehlungen zur Förderung respektvoller Führung. Jan Borkowski
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Bosse, Elke; Kress, Beatrix; Schlickau, Stephan (Hg.) (2011): Methodische Vielfalt in der Erforschung interkultureller Kommunikation an deutschen Hochschulen. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. Online verfügbar unter http://site.ebrary.com/lib/uniregensburg/Doc?id=10601305
Abstract: Dieser Sammelband setzt sich zum Ziel, ein weites Spektrum universitärer Auseinandersetzung mit interkultureller Kommunikation zu umreißen. Dieses Spektrum reicht von den angewandten Forschungsmethoden über Lehrforschungs- bis zu konkreten Praxisprojekten. Die Vielfalt aktueller Beschäftigung mit dem noch immer relativ neuen Forschungsgegenstand spiegelt sich ebenfalls in den Beiträgen: Die wissenschaftlichen Hintergründe der Autoren bilden die Sprachwissenschaft, die Psychologie oder die Erziehungswissenschaft. Der Band wendet sich an Wissenschaftler, Studierende und Praktiker und möchte einen Beitrag zur interdisziplinären Diskussion in einem Umfeld leisten, dessen Erforschung nicht zuletzt durch die voranschreitende Internationalisierung von Hochschulen zunehmend handlungsrelevant wird.
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(2011): Politeness. Some universals in language usage. 21. Aufl.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (Studies in interactional sociolinguistics)
Abstract: This study is about the principles for constructing polite speeches. The core of it first appeared in Questions and Politeness, edited by Esther N. Goody (now out of print). It is here reissued with a fresh introduction that surveys the considerable literature in linguistics, psychology and the social sciences that the original extended essay stimulated, and suggests distinct directions for research. The authors describe and account for some remarkable parallelisms in the linguistic construction of utterances with which people express themselves in different languages and cultures. A motive for these parallels is isolated - politeness, broadly defined to include both polite friendliness and polite formality - and a universal model is constructed outlining the abstract principles underlying polite usages. This is based on the detailed study of three unrelated languages and cultures: the Tamil of South India, the Tzeltal spoken by Mayan Indians in Chiapas, Mexico, and the English of the USA and England, supplemented by examples from other cultures. Underneath the apparent diversity of polite behaviour in different societies lie some general pan-human principles of social interaction, and the model of politeness provides a tool for analysing the quality of social relations in any society. This volume will be of special interest to students in linguistic pragmatics, sociolinguistics, applied linguistics, anthropology, and the sociology and social psychology of interaction.
Keywords: Disziplin, Erste Welle, Face-Saving View, Favoriten, Freundlichkeit, Good manners, Höflichkeit, Höflichkeitsforschung, (Im)Politeness Research, Klassiker, Kommunikation, Kultur, Linguistik, Modelle/Theorien, Pragmatik, Soziale Angemessenheit, Sprache, Sprachliche Universalien, Überblick, universale Prinzipien -
(2011): Pathologies of recognition. In: Philosophy & Social Criticism 37 (8), S. 851-887. DOI: 10.1177/0191453711413701
Abstract: Recognition is not only a response to social pathologies. It is also an unstable and often ambivalent relationship that has its own pathologies. Owing to the intertwining between recognition and power, certain forms of recognition turn out to be forms of alienation in or from the world. Such pathologies affect inter-individual recognition as well as the recognition between individuals and the socio-political institutions. The article proposes a joint reading of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit and Philosophy of Right, which provide norms for identifying and dealing with these pathologies. The norm for inter-individual recognition is set out in the Phenomenology of Spirit, the norm for state/citizen recognition in the Philosophy of Right. The analysis envisages two other aspects of recognition: the interference of the 'I-Me' with the 'I-You' relationship and the incorporation of the 'I-We' into the 'We-Us' dimension of recognition. As regards the interpretation of Hegel's practical philosophy, the article analyses the link between Hegel's concept of recognition and his theory of action. In this view, the highest form of recognition has more to do with reconciliation - reconciliation between human beings, reconciliation with the 'finitude of action' - than with the problematic of individual and collective identity.
Keywords: alienation, alienation and recognition, Anerkennung, Anerkennung als menschliche Grundkategorie, Disziplin, Entfremdung, Entfremdung bei Hegel, finitude of action, Hegel, Hegels Begriff der Anerkennung, Menschsein als Voraussetznug für soziale Angemessenheit?, Philosophie, power relationships, RECOGNITION, Soziale Angemessenheit, Sozialphilosophie, universal freedom -
(2011): Multidisciplinary approach for developing a new robotic system for domiciliary assistance to elderly people. In: Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference, S. 5327-5330. DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6091318
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22255541 Abstract: This paper aims to show the effectiveness of a (inter / multi)disciplinary team, based on the technology developers, elderly care organizations, and designers, in developing the ASTRO robotic system for domiciliary assistance to elderly people. The main issues presented in this work concern the improvement of robot's behavior by means of a smart sensor network able to share information with the robot for localization and navigation, and the design of the robot's appearance and functionalities by means of a substantial analysis of users' requirements and attitude to robotic technology to improve acceptability and usability.
Keywords: 80 and over, Administration, Aged, Benutzerfreundlichkeit, Computer assisted, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis, Female, Gerontologie, Humans, ieee xplore, Instrumentation, Male, Mobile communication, Organisation, Patient Care Team, Polarization, Robot kinematics, Robot sensing systems, Robotics, Self-Care, Senior citizens, Therapy, usability -
(2011): Problems and issues for service robots in new applications. In: International Journal of Social Robotics 3 (3), S. 299-312. DOI: 10.1007/s12369-011-0097-8
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0097-8 Abstract: Service robots give the possibility of new fields of applications for Robotics by wide spreading robots also into no technical areas. But requirements and goals need to be carefully revised both in designing and operating specific solutions. In this paper, main aspects and challenges are discussed both as problems and advantages in using robots in service operations for new areas of applications, by taking particular attention to non engineering aspects that are deduced from new service areas. In particular, two novel applications, with direct experience of the author and his team, are discussed as referring to robots for restoration activity of historical goods, and robots for physiotherapy rehabilitation and training, as examples with many very different aspects and backgrounds, but even with common issues. Key problems for developing service robots for a successful acceptance and use by even no technical users can be considered in terms of specific technical problems for low-cost user-oriented operation systems, but mainly in terms of implications for human-machine interactions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2011): Theories in social psychology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons
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(2011): Moral enhancement and pro-social behaviour. In: Journal of medical ethics 37 (3), S. 130-131. DOI: 10.1136/jme.2010.041434
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21325675 Abstract: Moral enhancement is a topic that has sparked much current interest in the world of bioethics. The possibility of making people ‘better,’ not just in the conventional enhancement sense of improving health and other desirable (and desired) qualities and capacities, but by making them somehow more moral, more decent, altogether better people, has attracted attention from both advocates1 2 and sceptics3 alike. The concept of moral enhancement, however, is fraught with difficult questions, theoretical and practical. What does it actually mean to be ‘more moral’? How would moral enhancement be defined and would it necessarily, as some have claimed, make the world a better or safer place? How would or could such enhancement be achieved safely and without undue constraint on personal liberty and autonomy? On this subject, a recent paper by Crockett et al4 investigating the effects of the neurotransmitter serotonin on moral decisionmaking provides an intriguing scientific basis for examining what might or might not constitute moral enhancement. The study involved treatment with citalopram, a drug that increases the action of serotonin in the brain, and subsequent analysis of participants' decisionmaking behaviour in two different situations involving moral dilemmas: the well known ‘Trolley Problem’5 and the ‘Ultimatum Game’.6 The researchers found that citalopram promoted what they call ‘prosocial behaviour’, increasing the participants' aversion to causing direct harm to others: in the first scenario, they were less likely to select the option that required killing one in order to save five, and in the secod, less likely to reject unfair offers at the expense of others.
Keywords: Bioethics,, chemisch / neurologisch / medikamentös / durch Substanzen, Disziplin, entscheiden, Humans, Moral, moral enhancement, moralische Dimension, Moralphilosophie, Morals, Philosophie, pro-social behaviour, Prosocial Behaviour, Serotonin, Serotonin/physiology, Social Behavior, Spieltheorie, Status / biologische Marker -
Chen, Xinyin; Rubin, Kenneth H. (Hg.) (2011): Socioemotional development in cultural context. New York, NY: Guilford (Social, emotional, and personality development in context)
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(2011): Want a tip? Service performance as a function of emotion regulation and extraversion. In: The Journal of applied psychology 96 (6), S. 1337-1346. DOI: 10.1037/a0022884
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21480687 Abstract: Surface acting and deep acting with customers are strategies for service performance, but evidence for their effectiveness is limited and mixed. We propose that deep acting is an effective strategy for most employees, whereas surface acting's effect on performance effectiveness depends on employee extraversion. In Study 1, restaurant servers who tended to use deep acting exceeded their customers' expectations and had greater financial gains (i.e., tips) regardless of extraversion, whereas surface acting improved tips only for extraverts, not for introverts. In Study 2, a call center simulation, deep acting improved emotional performance and increased the likelihood of extrarole service behavior beyond the direct and interactive effects of extraversion and other Big Five traits. In contrast, surface acting reduced emotional performance for introverts and not extraverts, but only during the extrarole interaction. We discuss implications for incorporating traits into emotional labor research and practice.
Keywords: Adolescent, Adult, Authentizität von dargestellter Emotion, Business Studies, dominance, Emotions/classification, Extraversion (Psychology), Female, Humans, Internal-External Control, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Pennsylvania, Personality/classification, Professional Competence, Psychologie, Social Behavior, Students/psychology, Work/psycholohy, Young Adult -
(2011): An integrated conceptual model of respect in leadership. In: The Leadership Quarterly 22 (2), S. 316-327. DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.02.007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.02.007 Abstract: Respect is greatly talked about in leadership yet rarely are discussions encountered in the literature regarding what is meant by the concept. This paper analyzes the differing ways in which respect has been treated within key leadership perspectives, identifying three differing types of respect, appraisal, recognition and identification respect. The antecedents or conditions that give rise to these three types of respect within the leadership relationship are identified. Drawing upon developments in the group behavior literature, the outcomes of appraisal and recognition respect in leadership are suggested. With the further addition of situational and individual factors that potentially moderate the relationship between respect and its antecedents, an integrated conceptual model of respect in leadership is presented to underpin future research in the area.
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(2011): Friend or Foe, Champ or Chump?. Social Conformity and Superiority Goals Activate Warmth-Versus Competence-Based Social Categorization Schemas. In: Social Psychological and Personality Science 3 (4), S. 471-478. DOI: 10.1177/1948550611427357
Abstract: Evaluations of individuals and social groups refer to two basic dimensions of social judgment: warmth and competence. Although previous research has explored the antecedents and consequences of these evaluations, there is a lack of understanding of the conditions under which warmth and competence information is used for social categorization in the first place. The present research developed a novel measure of individuals' tendencies to categorize persons in terms of competence versus warmth and tested whether these tendencies are predicted by chronic (Study 1, N = 301) and experimentally induced (Study 2, N = 69) social conformity and superiority goals. Social conformity goals predicted greater relative use of warmth information, while superiority goals predicted greater relative use of competence information in categorizing persons. These findings attest to the relevance of chronic as well as contextually induced goals at an early stage of social information processing related to social categorization. zitiert von 10
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(2011): Moral judgments in social dilemmas. How bad is free riding?. In: Journal of Public Economics 95 (3-4), S. 253-264. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.10.011
Abstract: In the last thirty years, economists and other social scientists have investigated people's normative views on distributive justice. Here we study people's normative views in social dilemmas, which underlie many situations of economic and social significance. Using insights from moral philosophy and psychology we provide an analysis of the morality of free riding. We use experimental survey methods to investigate people's moral judgments empirically. We vary others' contributions, the framing (“give-some” versus “take-some”) and whether contributions are simultaneous or sequential. We find that moral judgments of a free rider depend strongly on others' behaviour; and that failing to give is condemned more strongly than withdrawing all support. Research Highlights: ► We investigate people’s moral judgments of free riding in a public goods game by combining tools of experimental economics and moral psychology. ► We find that most people think free riding is morally wrong. ► The moral rating of free riding depends strongly on what other people do and is also sensitive to framing. zitiert von: 69
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(2011): Understanding Historical (Im)Politeness. Nineteenth-century English politeness Negative politeness, conventional indirect requests and the rise of the individual self. In: Journal of Historical Pragmatics 12 (1-2), S. 49-81. DOI: 10.1075/jhp.12.1-2.03cul
Abstract: In this paper we argue that the kind of individualistic ethos Brown and Levinson's (1987) politeness model is accused of and in particular its notion of (non-imposition) negative face is not simply a reflection of British culture, but a reflection of British culture at a specific point in time. That point is the nineteenth century. Before then, the notion of an individual self separate from society and with its own hidden desires was not fully established. We argue that sociocultural developments, such as secularisation, the rise of Protestantism, social and geographical mobility, and the rise of individualism, created conditions in which the self became part of a new ideology where it was viewed as a property of the individual, and was associated with positive values such as self-help, self-control and self-respect. We also trace the history of conventional indirect requests, specifically can/could you X structures, the most frequent request structures used in British English today and, moreover, emblematic of British negative politeness. We show how such ability-oriented structures developed in the nineteenth century, and propose a tentative explanation as to why ability in particular was their focus.
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Dahms, Harry F. (2011): The diversity of social theories. Bingley [u.a.]: Emerald (Current Perspectives in Social Theory)
Abstract: The contributers included in this volume provide critical assessments of both a range of traditions in social theory, and of their current relevance. In addition, they represent endeavors to apply, refine, integrate, or advance particular traditions in order to enhance our ability to analyze conditions of social life in the twenty-first century and to confront a variety of related challenges. Several of the contributors present efforts to combine the application, refinement, integration, and advancement of particular theoretical traditions. Thematically, they cover several areas in social theory and a spectrum of perspectives, including poststructuralism, feminist theory, and especially critical theory. Chapters address such issues as the authoritarian personality; charisma; the relationship between power, agency, and subjectivity; self-estrangement; pragmatism; and globalization.
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(2011): Procedural justice during police-citizen encounters: The effects of process-based policing on citizen compliance and demeanor. In: Journal of Criminal Justice 39 (2), S. 159-168. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2011.01.004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2011.01.004 Abstract: Purpose: Theories of procedural justice have facilitated the development of a process-based approach to policing which emphasizes the fairness of the manner in which the police exercise their discretion. The study examines whether procedurally fair behavior by the police affects two types of citizen behavior during encounters: citizen disrespect toward the police and citizen noncompliance with police requests. Methods: This study uses data from systematic social observations of police-citizen encounters to examine procedural justice factors on citizen behavior. Because of the reciprocal nature of police-citizen interactions, an instrumental variable is used in the statistical analysis to help address the causal relationship between police force and citizen disrespect. Results: The statistical analyses find limited support for procedural justice factors. Two types of procedurally fair behavior by the police, police demeanor and their consideration of citizen voice, are significant in reducing citizen disrespect and noncompliance, respectively. Conclusion: Procedural justice factors have limited and inconsistent impacts on the two types of citizen behavior, and future research should address the limitations of this study and evaluate process-based policing with more data from social observations of police-citizen encounters.
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(2011) : Gender Issues In: Hauser, Stuart T.; Prinstein, Mitchell J. (Hg.): Encyclopedia of Adolescence: Burlington: Elsevier Science, S. 151-159
Abstract: Gender is an important social category that affects adolescents' lives in multiple ways. Gender identities and gender schemas shape the kinds of ideas and behaviors that adolescents may consider appropriate for themselves and others. Stereotyped beliefs may lead to sexism, including prejudiced attitudes and discriminatory behaviors. Gender-related variations during adolescence occur in academic achievement, athletic participation, sexuality, body image, dating relationships, friendship intimacy, and aggression.
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(2011): E-Health, Assistive Technologies and Applications for Assisted Living. Philadelphia, PA: IGI Global
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-469-1 Abstract: E-health technologies will play an increasingly important role in the coming years, as more and more older people will require medical care and support. Due to the prevalent demographic changes and the continuously decreasing number of nursing staff and caregivers, there is an increased need for intelligent medical technologies, which enable people to live independently at home. E-Health, Assistive Technologies and Applications for Assisted Living: Challenges and Solutions reviews existing literature in assistive technologies and provides suggestions and solutions for improving the quality of assisted living facilities and residences through the use of e-health systems and services.
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(2011): Service robotics. Do you know your new companion? Framing an interdisciplinary technology assessment. In: Poiesis & Praxis: International Journal of Ethics of Science and Technology Assessment 8 (1), S. 25-44. DOI: 10.1007/s10202-011-0098-6
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22162963 Abstract: Service-Robotic - mainly defined as "non-industrial robotics" - is identified as the next economical success story to be expected after robots have been ubiquitously implemented into industrial production lines. Under the heading of service-robotic, we found a widespread area of applications reaching from robotics in agriculture and in the public transportation system to service robots applied in private homes. We propose for our interdisciplinary perspective of technology assessment to take the human user/worker as common focus. In some cases, the user/worker is the effective subject acting by means of and in cooperation with a service robot; in other cases, the user/worker might become a pure object of the respective robotic system, for example, as a patient in a hospital. In this paper, we present a comprehensive interdisciplinary framework, which allows us to scrutinize some of the most relevant applications of service robotics; we propose to combine technical, economical, legal, philosophical/ethical, and psychological perspectives in order to design a thorough and comprehensive expert-based technology assessment. This allows us to understand the potentials as well as the limits and even the threats connected with the ongoing and the planned implementation of service robots into human lifeworld-particularly of those technical systems displaying increasing grades of autonomy.
Keywords: deutsche Community, Disziplin, Humanoid Robot Robot System Industrial Robot Service Robot Driver Assistance System, interdisziplinär, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Realtechnik, service robot, Serviceroboter, Soziale Robotik, Technik, Technikfolgenabschätzung, Zeitschrift: poiesis & praxis -
(2011): Symbolic Interactionism and Ethnomethodology. In: Symbolic Interaction 34 (3), S. 349-356. DOI: 10.1525/si.2011.34.3.349
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/si.2011.34.3.349 Abstract: Symbolic interactionism and ethnomethodology, while apparently similar in topic and approach, are radically different sociological perspectives. Garfinkel’s notion of a plenum is used to illustrate this difference with regard to their approaches to the concept of interaction. Ethnomethodology’s rejection of the concepts of actor and context, and its different treatment of meaning, are contrasted with symbolic interactionism’s terms of reference. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 32
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(2011): Dienen lernen, um zu herrschen. Höfische Erziehung im ausgehenden Mittelalter (1450-1550). Berlin: Akademie Verl.. Online verfügbar unter http://www.oldenbourg-link.com/isbn/9783050056050
DOI: http://www.oldenbourg-link.com/isbn/9783050056050 Abstract: Main description: An mittelalterlichen Höfen wurden Fürstenkinder stets in Gemeinschaft mit jungen Adligen erzogen und ausgebildet, um auf herrschaftliche Aufgaben vorbereitet zu werden. Die Erziehung von Fürsten ist deshalb eng mit der höfischen Adelserziehung verbunden. Bisher wurde sie vor allem auf der Grundlage von Traktaten oder literarischen Texten untersucht, doch für die Zeit um 1500 ist es möglich, auch vertrauliche Briefe und Sachquellen heranzuziehen und seltene Einblicke in den Alltag höfischer Erziehung zu gewinnen. Am Beispiel dreier Fürstengeschlechter – Anhaltiner, Hohenzollern und Wettiner – kann gezeigt werden, wie neue Bildungsanforderungen bei Hofe aufgenommen, umgesetzt und angepasst wurden. Gleichzeitig ist zu sehen, dass die alte Verbindung von Erziehung und Hofdienst als ein Kern höfischer Erziehung bestehen blieb. Wer an einen Hof geschickt wurde, um dort etwas zu lernen, der nahm eine dienende Stellung ein. Gemäß dem Grundsatz, dass derjenige, der über andere herrschen will, zunächst lernen muss, sich selbst zu beherrschen, galt das ebenso für Fürstenkinder. Wenn sie sich auch zunehmend über Bücher beugen mussten, so lernten sie bei Hofe doch vor allem durch Nachahmung, ständiges Einüben und Wetteifern, denn nur auf diese Weise ließ sich in Erfahrung bringen, wie Gunst und Ansehen zu erlangen und der eigene Rang zu behaupten oder zu steigern war.
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(2011) : Please do not disturb! Minimum interference coverage for social robots In: Staff, IEEE: 2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems: 2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2011): San Francisco, CA: 9/25/2011 - 9/30/2011. IEEE Staff: [Place of publication not identified]: IEEE, S. 1968-1973
Abstract: In this paper we address the problem of human-aware coverage planning. We first present an approach to learn and model human activity events in a probabilistic spatio-temporal map using spatial Poisson processes. We then propose a coverage planner for paths that minimize the interference probability with people. To this end, we pose the coverage problem as an asymmetric traveling salesman problem with time-dependent costs (ATDTSP) derived from the information in the map. The approach enables a noisy robotic vacuum in a home scenario, for instance, to learn to avoid busy places at certain times of the day such as the kitchen at lunch time. We evaluate the planner using a simulator of people in a home environment to generate typical weekday activity patterns. In the experiments with a regular TSP planner and two modified TSP heuristics, the proposed coverage planner significantly reduces interference with people in terms of number of disturbed persons and overall disturbance time.