Alle Publikationen
- <<
- <
- 1
2018
-
(2018): Clothes, condoms, and customer satisfaction. The effect of employee mere presence on customer satisfaction depends on the shopping situation. In: Psychology & Marketing 35 (6), S. 454-462. DOI: 10.1002/mar.21098
Abstract: Few studies have examined how customers respond to the mere presence of others in the shopping environment, and only one article (Soderlund, ) has investigated the unique impact that employee presence has on key customer outcomes. Soderlund () found that customers entering a store with an employee present (vs. absent) reported significantly higher levels of customer satisfaction, with their increased levels of pleasurable feelings mediating this effect. However, similar to the majority of theorizing on customer satisfaction, that article was restricted to data collected in a Western society. Given the rapid economic growth in many Asian regions, there is a need to examine the applicability of such Western-based findings from an Asian perspective, and hence include participants from Eastern societies. Accordingly, the present research investigated whether Soderlund's () results could be replicated among Asian customers. The current work also sought to extend prior findings beyond pleasure and customer satisfaction while simultaneously documenting a boundary condition for the hitherto positive employee mere presence effects. To this end, two between-subjects experiments with a total sample of 498 Chinese customers were conducted. Study 1, which involved a shopping situation in a clothing store, replicated Soderlund's () main results and further found that employee mere presence (vs. absence) had a significant positive impact on customers' loyalty intentions. These results were reversed in Study 2, in which the shopping situation involved the purchase of an embarrassing product. Under such circumstances, employee presence (vs. absence) consistently produced negative effects on customers' levels of pleasure, satisfaction, and loyalty intentions.
Keywords: Disziplin, dominance, Kulturinvarianz, Kulturtheorie, Marketing, Psychologie, Sozialpsychologie 2010
-
(2010): The Universal Declaration of Ethical Principles for Psychologists. A Culture-Sensitive Model for Creating and Reviewing a Code of Ethics. In: Ethics & Behavior 20 (3-4), S. 179-196. DOI: 10.1080/10508421003798885
Abstract: Psychologists live in a globalizing world where traditional boundaries are fading and, therefore, increasingly work with persons from diverse cultural backgrounds. The Universal Declaration of Ethical Principles for Psychologists provides a moral framework of universally acceptable ethical principles based on shared human values across cultures. The application of its moral framework in developing codes of ethics and reviewing current codes may help psychologists to respond ethically in a rapidly changing world. In this article, a model is presented to demonstrate how to use the Universal Declaration as a guide for creating or reviewing a code of ethics. This model may assist psychologists in various parts of the world in establishing codes of ethics that will promote global understanding and cooperation while respecting cultural differences. The article describes the steps involved in the application of the model and provides concrete examples as well as several useful comments and suggestions. This guide for the application of the Universal Declaration may also be used for consultation, education, and training relative to the Universal Declaration of Ethical Principles for Psychologists.
2008
-
(2008): Culture-sensitive neural substrates of human cognition. A transcultural neuroimaging approach. In: Nature reviews. Neuroscience 9 (8), S. 646-654. DOI: 10.1038/nrn2456
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18641669 Abstract: Our brains and minds are shaped by our experiences, which mainly occur in the context of the culture in which we develop and live. Although psychologists have provided abundant evidence for diversity of human cognition and behaviour across cultures, the question of whether the neural correlates of human cognition are also culture-dependent is often not considered by neuroscientists. However, recent transcultural neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that one's cultural background can influence the neural activity that underlies both high- and low-level cognitive functions. The findings provide a novel approach by which to distinguish culture-sensitive from culture-invariant neural mechanisms of human cognition.
Keywords: Attention/physiology, Brain Mapping/methods, Brain/anatomy & histology/physiology, chemisch / neurologisch / medikamentös / durch Substanzen, Cognition/physiology, Culture, culture sensitive, Disziplin, Environment, Humans, Kognitionswissenschaft/Social Sciences/Humanities, Kulturinvarianz, Kulturtheorie, Neurowissenschaften, Perception/physiology, Social Behavior 1987
-
(1987): Universals and cultural differences in the judgments of facial expressions of emotion. In: Journal of personality and social psychology 53 (4), S. 712-717
Abstract: We present here new evidence of cross-cultural agreement in the judgement of facial expression. Subjects in 10 cultures performed a more complex judgment task than has been used in previous cross-cultural studies. Instead of limiting the subjects to selecting only one emotion term for each expression, this task allowed them to indicate that multiple emotions were evident and the intensity of each emotion. Agreement was very high across cultures about which emotion was the most intense. The 10 cultures also agreed about the second most intense emotion signaled by an expression and about the relative intensity among expressions of the same emotion. However, cultural differences were found in judgments of the absolute level of emotional intensity.
Keywords: Adult, Attitude, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Disziplin, dominance, Emotions, Emotionserkennung, Facial Expression, FACS (Facial Action Coding System) Paul Ekman, Friesen und Tomkins (Vorgänger: FAST Facial Affect Scoring Technique, Favoriten, Female, Gesichtserkennung, Gestik/Mimik, Humans, Judgment, Kulturinvarianz, Kulturtheorie, Male, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Realtechnik, Sozialpsychologie, Technik, zugeschriebene Emotionsvarianz 1981
-
(1981): Culture and the perception of social dominance from facial expression. In: Journal of personality and social psychology 40 (4), S. 615-626. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.40.4.615
Abstract: Eyebrow and mouth gestures, identified from nonhuman primate studies as potential human dominance gestures. were tested in a series of cross-cultural ex-periments. Pairs of human portrait photographs were shown to observers in 11 national/cultural settings. Some observers selected dominant-looking members from each pair, and others selected happier-looking members. When posed with lowered brows or nonsmiling mouths. portrait models were expected to look more dominant than when posed with raised brows or smiles, respectively. Models were expected to look happier when smiling than when not smiling. Results strongly supported a universal association between smiles and happiness and weakly sup- ported a universal nonsmiling/dominance association but restricted a lowered- brow/dorninance association to relatively more Westernized samples.
1971
-
(1971): Constants across cultures in the face and emotion. In: Journal of personality and social psychology 17 (2), S. 124-129. DOI: 10.1037/h0030377
Abstract: Investigated the question of whether any facial expressions of emotion are universal. Recent studies showing that members of literate cultures associated the same emotion concepts with the same facial behaviors could not demonstrate that at least some facial expressions of emotion are universal; the cultures compared had all been exposed to some of the same mass media presentations of facial expression, and these may have taught the people in each culture to recognize the unique facial expressions of other cultures. To show that members of a preliterate culture who had minimal exposure to literate cultures would associate the same emotion concepts with the same facial behaviors as do members of Western and Eastern literate cultures, data were gathered in New Guinea by telling 342 Ss a story, showing them a set of 3 faces, and asking them to select the face which showed the emotion appropriate to the story. Ss were members of the Fore linguistic-cultural group, which up until 12 yr. ago was an isolated, Neolithic, material culture. Results provide evidence in support of the hypothesis.
Keywords: Disziplin, dominance, Emotionserkennung, FACS (Facial Action Coding System) Paul Ekman, Friesen und Tomkins (Vorgänger: FAST Facial Affect Scoring Technique, Gesichtserkennung, Gesichtszüge, Gestik/Mimik, Kulturinvarianz, Kulturtheorie, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Realtechnik, Sozialpsychologie, Technik
- <<
- <
- 1