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  • 2016

  • Baylon, Donoxti (2016): The making of a diplomat: the case of the French Diplomatic and Consular Institute as an identity workspace. In: EUROPEAN SECURITY 25 (4), S. 502-523

    Abstract: This article analyses the creation of the Diplomatic and Consular Institute by the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and conceptualises this new professional school of diplomacy as an "identity workspace" following the analysis of a cohort's learning experience. This article aims to spark a debate from a practice perspective on diplomatic training as offered by Ministries of Foreign Affairs in Europe.

  • Papacharissi, Zizi (2016): Democracy online. Civility, politeness, and the democratic potential of online political discussion groups. In: New Media & Society 6 (2), S. 259-283. DOI: 10.1177/1461444804041444

    Abstract: The proponents of cyberspace promise that online discourse will increase political participation and pave the road for a democratic utopia. This article explores the potential for civil discourse in cyberspace by examining the level of civility in 287 discussion threads in political newsgroups. While scholars often use civility and politeness interchangeably, this study argues that this conflation ignores the democratic merit of robust and heated discussion. Therefore, civility was defined in a broader sense, by identifying as civil behaviors that enhance democratic conversation. In support of this distinction, the study results revealed that most messages posted on political newsgroups were civil, and further suggested that because the absence of face-to-face communication fostered more heated discussion, cyberspace might actually promote Lyotard's vision of democratic emancipation through disagreement and anarchy (Lyotard, 1984). Thus, this study supported the internet's potential to revive the public sphere, provided that greater diversity and volume of discussion is present.

  • 2012

  • Xi, Xiao (2012): Chinese Education in Diplomacy. In: CHINA-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 10 (1), S. 77-92

    Abstract: This article reflects upon contemporary education in Chinese diplomacy covering three aspects: curriculum contents, teaching methods and teaching goals. It argues that the curriculum contents have the following shortcomings: poor awareness of the real problems in China's diplomatic practices, lack of global awareness that is consistent with China's image as a great country, blurring of the boundaries between academic and policy systems, oversight of practices and lack of good understanding of ancient, early modern and contemporary Chinese diplomacy and lack of adequate training in research methodologies. Teaching methods are problematic as the continued dependence on traditional historical research methods has failed to recognise the usefulness of theoretical analytic tools. Also, the value of case studies has not been fully recognised and utilised. With regard to teaching goals, Chinese diplomatic teaching desperately needs some vitality. This article makes recommendations for improving Chinese education in diplomacy, such as applying psychology in diplomatic education, offering a course on comparative diplomacy, developing a course on diplomacy theory, emphasising diplomatic history and improving the training in social sciences research methodologies.

  • 2011

  • Hytonen, Kaisa (2011): Young Diplomats’ Socialization to the Networked Professional Cultures of Their Workplace Communities. In: VOCATIONS AND LEARNING 4 (3), S. 253-273

    Abstract: The purpose of the present investigation was to examine young diplomats' socialization to the professional expert culture of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland over a six-month on-job training period, as part of their preparation for service in the diplomatic corps. Using social network analysis, we analyzed departments' internal social structures, prevailing social relations, and the young diplomats' role and position in the networks of knowledge acquisition, practical know-how, and professional collaboration. Data collected by contextual event sampling and theme interviews and analyzed by qualitative content analysis were used to characterize the young diplomats' personal social support networks, resources obtained, as well as associated reflections regarding their functioning in and socialization to the departmental workplace community. The results indicated that across the six-month training period, the young diplomats became involved to the workplace communities' networked expertise and were socialized to its expert culture, even if their achieved networking positions differed. The results revealed differences between levels of collective operational practices in the workplace communities as well as the nature of assignments in which the young diplomats participated and for which they were responsible. It was proposed that these differences mirrored distinction between expansive natures of young diplomats' workplace communities as learning environments.

  • 2002

  • Duke, S. W. (2002): Preparing for European diplomacy?. In: JOURNAL OF COMMON MARKET STUDIES 40 (5), S. 849-870

    Abstract: The literature on European foreign policy has paid scant attention to one critical aspect - European diplomacy. This article considers the nature of European diplomacy, the ways in which it manifests itself and, most importantly, the preparation of EU officials as well as national diplomats for European diplomacy. It is argued that more attention needs to be paid to training so that they may engage more effectively in European diplomacy. In order to facilitate this, support is lent to the idea of establishing a College of European Diplomacy. Effective European foreign policy needs a professional supporting diplomatic service.

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