Alle Publikationen
- <<
- <
- 1
2018
-
(2018): Supervisor-employee power distance incompatibility, gender similarity, and relationship conflict. A test of interpersonal interaction theory. In: The Journal of applied psychology 103 (3), S. 334-346. DOI: 10.1037/apl0000265
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000265 Abstract: According to interpersonal interaction theory, relational harmony surfaces when two individuals have compatible interaction styles. Building from this theory, we propose that supervisor-employee power distance orientation incompatibility will be related to employees' experience of higher levels of relationship conflict with their supervisors. Additionally, we propose an asymmetrical incongruence effect such that relationship conflict will be highest when supervisors are high in power distance and employees are low in power distance. Furthermore, we address calls in interpersonal interaction research for more direct attention to the social context of the dyadic interaction and explore the moderating effects of supervisor-employee gender (dis)similarity on the relationship between this incompatibility and conflict. We propose that supervisor-employee gender dissimilarity (e.g., male-female or female-male pairs) acts as a conditional moderator, neutralizing the power distance incongruence effect and the asymmetrical incongruence effect. Using 259 supervisor-employee dyads in the physical therapy industry, the hypotheses were generally supported. Theoretical and practical implications regarding the unique benefits of power distance compatibility and gender diversity in supervisor-employee dyads are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record
2017
-
(2017): The Psychology of Middle Power. Vertical Code-Switching, Role Conflict, and Behavioral Inhibition. In: Academy of Management Review 42 (4), S. 659-682. DOI: 10.5465/amr.2016.0002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2016.0002 Abstract: Decades of research have demonstrated that having or lacking power can influence how people think and behave in organizations. By contrasting the experiences associated with high- and low-power states, however, this research has neglected the psychological and behavioral correlates of middle power, which is the subjective sense that one’s power is neither consistently higher nor lower than the power of one’s interaction partners. In this article we propose that middle-power positions and mindsets lead to frequent vertical code-switching—the act of alternating between behavioral patterns that are directed toward higher-power and lower-power interaction partners. We draw from identity and role transition theories to develop propositions specifying when frequent vertical code-switching will, in turn, result in heightened role conflict. We further situate our theoretical analysis by updating and extending the approach/inhibition theory of power on the basis of insights from rev ised reinforcement sensitivity theory to introduce an integrative framework called the approach/inhibition/avoidance theory of power. Overall, we highlight the promise of conceptualizing power in terms of the stability of one’s vertical orientation, offering novel predictions about the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral effects of power. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 5
-
(2017): The relationship between emotional and social intelligence and conflict management behavior in leadership. ProQuest Information & Learning, US.
Abstract: The purpose of this work was to evaluate the relationship between emotional and social intelligence (ESI) and the conflict management behavior (CMB) of lower level members of management or managers in training in a public sector organization in a country in the British Caribbean. The instruments that were utilized were SPSS, the Emotional Intelligence Appraisal-Me Version , and the Conflict Dynamic Profile-Individual (CDP-I). In all cases, due to non-normality, Spearman's rho was used in order to test the five hypotheses incorporated within this study. The Spearman rho, which is also known as the Pearson correlation coefficient between ranked variables, is a nonparametric measure of statistical dependence between variables, which assesses how well the relationship between the independent variable of ESI and the dependent variable of CMB, can be described through the employment of a monotonic function. The results of this research highlighted the influence that the emotional & social intelligence of a leader may have on his or her ability to manage interpersonal conflict between subordinates effectively, and to display personalized deliberations that move toward the reduction of workplace conflict. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
-
(2017) : Grundriss einer sozialpsychologischen Respekttheorie Hogrefe Verlag . Online verfügbar unter https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/10.1026/0033-3042/a000326 , zuletzt geprüft am 23.02.2018
Abstract: Outline of a Social Psychological Theory of Respect: Implications for Cooperation and Conflict in Pluralistic Societies Abstract. In this article, I outline a social psychological theory of respect with a particular emphasis on the importance of respect for social life in pluralistic societies. Building on social recognition approaches in social philosophy, I first elaborate on a conception of respect as equality recognition. Subsequently, I discuss empirical findings from our own program of research, which validate the proposed respect concept and illuminate important social consequences of respect (as well as of disrespect). I close with some considerations regarding the dynamics of respect and possible trajectories of politicized struggles for recognition in pluralistic societies.
2016
-
(2016): The evolution of power and the divergence of cooperative norms. In: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 126, S. 75-88. DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2015.09.002
Abstract: We consider a model of multilevel selection and the evolution of institutions that distribute power in the form of influence in a group's collective interactions with other groups. In the absence of direct group-level interactions, groups with the most cooperative members will outcompete less cooperative groups, while within any group the least cooperative members will be the most successful. Introducing group-level interactions, however, such as raiding or warfare, changes the selective landscape for groups. Our model suggests that as the global population becomes more integrated and the rate of intergroup conflict increases, selection increasingly favors unequally distributed power structures, where individual influence is weighted by acquired resources. The advantage to less democratic groups rests in their ability to facilitate selection for cooperative strategies – involving cooperation both among themselves and with outsiders – in order to produce the resources necessary to fuel their success in inter-group conflicts, while simultaneously selecting for leaders (and corresponding collective behavior) who are unburdened with those same prosocial norms. The coevolution of cooperative social norms and institutions of power facilitates the emergence of a leadership class of the selfish and has implications for theories of inequality, structures of governance, non-cooperative personality traits, and hierarchy. Our findings suggest an amendment to the well-known doctrine of multilevel selection that “Selfishness beats altruism within groups. Altruistic groups beat selfish groups.” In an interconnected world, altruistic groups led by selfish individuals can beat them both. zitiert von 37
-
(2016): Interkulturelle Psychologie. Verstehen und Handeln in internationalen Kontexten. Göttingen: Hogrefe
Abstract: Dieses Buch beleuchtet auf der Grundlage von psychologischen Theorien und Forschungsergebnissen die psychischen Prozesse, die beim Aufeinandertreffen von Menschen aus verschiedenen Kulturen beteiligt sind. Anhand von Fallbeispielen werden typische interkulturelle Begegnungssituationen geschildert und analysiert. Weitere Kapitel thematisieren, wie interkulturelle Handlungskompetenz entsteht, und zeigen Möglichkeiten auf, diese anhand von interkulturellen Trainings zu fördern. - Inhalt: (1) Einführung: Kultur und interkulturelle Interaktion. (2) Interkulturelles Handeln und psychologische Prozesse. (3) Entwicklung des Selbstbildes, des Fremdbildes und des vermuteten Fremdbildes. (4) Entwicklung des Fremdverstehens. (5) Entwicklung und Wirkungen interpersonaler Interaktionsprozesse in interkulturellen Kontexten [Sozialer Vergleich; Gerechtigkeit; soziale Interdependenz; Macht und soziale Dominanz; soziale Netzwerke; Konflikte; Minoritäten]. . (6) Stress und Stressbewältigung im Kontext interkulturellen Handelns. (7) Entwicklung interkultureller Handlungskompetenz. (8) Interkulturelle Trainings. (9) Interkulturelle Psychologie in der Praxis. zitiert von 4
Keywords: conflict, Context, Cross Cultural Communication, Cross Cultural Psychology, Cultural Sensitivity, dominance, Entreprises multinationales, Ethnopsychologie, Gestion interculturelle, Interpersonal Control, Interpersonal Interaction, Justice, Kulturforschung/ kulturelle Unterschiede, Self-Concept, Sensitivity Training, Social Comparison, social networks, Social Perception, Stress 2015
-
(2015): Development of a Dating Violence Assessment Tool for Late Adolescence Across Three Countries. The Violence in Adolescents' Dating Relationships Inventory (VADRI). In: Journal of Interpersonal Violence, S. 2626-2646. DOI: 10.1177/0886260515593543
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26160857 Abstract: Accurate assessment of dating violence (DV) is crucial for evaluation and intervention planning. However, extant self-report measurement tools of DV do not adequately consider age-, generation-, and culture-specific issues, which are essential for its accurate conceptualization. To address these gaps, we developed the Violence in Adolescents' Dating Relationships Inventory (VADR I: ) and evaluated its psychometric properties. The VADRI was developed based on a qualitative approach for item development through adolescents' individual interviews, focus groups, and experts' judgments, followed by a quantitative approach for tool assessment. Two aspects of DV were addressed: victimization and perpetration. After the necessary cultural and linguistic adaptation of items, the instrument was administered to 466 adolescents from three Spanish-speaking countries: Guatemala, Mexico, and Spain. The items were best represented by a one-factor solution in each country, which suggests that DV is a unidimensional construct combining victimization and perpetration. Analyses of item-level factor weights and differential item functioning were conducted aimed at obtaining information about items that best represented the construct, resulting in a 26-item final version that was cross-culturally equivalent. Convergent validity was supported by positive correlations with the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory, and reliability analyses yielded favorable results (with all Cronbach's α values above .90). We conclude that the VADRI is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of DV in various cultural contexts.
Keywords: adolescence, assessment, COMPONENTS, conflict, COUPLES, cross-cultural psychology, Culture, culture specific, Dating Violence, Fehlverhalten, Female, Gewalt, NUMBER, Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, PARTNER VIOLENCE, Psychologie, SCALES, Sozialverhalten, Students, test development, Übertretung von sozialen Grenzen/Gewalt, VADRI (Violence in Adolescents Dating Relationships Inventory), VALIDATION -
(2015): Learning to overcome cultural conflict through engaging with intelligent agents in synthetic cultures (PSYNDEXshort). In: International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education 25, S. 291-317
Abstract: Providing opportunities for children to engage with intercultural learning has frequently focused on exposure to the ritual, celebrations and festivals of cultures, with the view that such experiences will result in greater acceptance of cultural differences. Intercultural conflict is often avoided, bringing as it does particular pedagogical, ethical and political dilemmas of which cultures we place in conflict in the multicultural classroom. In this paper we discuss an alternative approach, providing children with an interactive learning experience with synthetic cultures and characters. The agent architecture developed to enable intelligent agents to exhibit culturally appropriate affect and behaviours is outlined. MIXER, an experiential learning application developed for 9-11 year old children on intercultural conflict is described, highlighting the learning goals and approaches. A school-based evaluation of MIXER with 144 UK children is presented. Children demonstrated high levels of comprehension, engagement and enjoyment of MIXER, with MIXER contributing to near and far transfer, supporting children's cognitive, emotional and behavioural learning and stimulating discussion and debate about how to resolve conflict.
Keywords: Anpassung und Einstellungen, Behavioural cultural tools, Bildungsprogramme und Lehrmethoden, Classroom Dynamics & Student Adjustment & Attitudes, Classrooms, Computer software, conflict, Conflict Resolution, Cross Cultural Differences, Culture & Ethnology, Curricula, Curriculum & Programs & Teaching Methods, Elementary School Students, Erfahrungslernen, Experiential Learning, Grundschüler, High School Students, intelligent agents, Intelligent Systems, Intelligente Agenten, Intelligente Systeme, Interaktion, Interkulturelle Unterschiede, Klassenräume, Konflikt, Konfliktlösung, Kultur und Ethnologie, Kulturforschung/ kulturelle Unterschiede, Lerntheorien, Mensch-Technik-Relation, Multicultural Education, Multikulturelle Erziehung, Pädagogische Psychologie, Schüler der Sekundarstufe, Sociocultural Factors, Software, Soziokulturelle Faktoren, verhaltensbezogene Kulturtechniken 2014
-
(2014): Gerechtigkeitsurteile und Konflikte. Warum Menschen unfaire Informationen bevorzugen. In: Konfliktdynamik 3 (1), S. 8-17
Abstract: Grunde fur die Bevorzugung unfairer Informationen in Konflikten werden reflektiert. Nach einem Einblick in Prozesse der fairessrelevanten Informationssuche in Konfliktsituationen werden basierend auf der Theorie der kognitiven Dissonanz und der Fairness-Heuristik-Theorie Bewertungsprozesse erlautert. Anhand empirischer Befunde wird die Praferenz von Informationen verdeutlicht, die eine unfaire Wahrnehmung unterstutzen. Als Ursache fur diese Praferenz wird die unterschiedliche Glaubwurdigkeit von als fair und als unfair wahrgenommenen Informationen diskutiert, aus der diefolgende Hypothese abgeleitet wird: Wahrend wahrgenommene Fairness als zweifelhaft beurtielt wird wird und somit eine vertiefende der Informationssuche hervorruft, wird Unfairnessempfinden als so uberzeugend wahrgenommen, dass es zur Bestatigung des ersten Eindrucks motiviert. Die Bedeutung dieser Prozesse fur die Vermittlung von positiven Fairnessinformationen in Konfliktsituationen und fur die Konfliktlosung wird verdeutlicht. Source: 978-3-642-19034-6
2013
-
(2013) : A moral conflict development theory based on child and teacher interactions: A cross cultural perspective.: The handbook of educational theories.: Charlotte, NC, US: IAP Information Age Publishing, S. 553-564
Abstract: The purpose of this chapter is to explain the development of a moral conflict development theory that uses child/child and teacher/child interactions and that is based on a cross-cultural perspective. The goal of the moral conflict development theory is to make specific contributions to teachers' practice by: (a) providing a theoretical and practical framework concerning children's moral development based on the unfolding of certain moral emotions such as guilt and shame and (b) assisting teachers to become aware of the fact that they do make a difference in children's moral development that is dependent on how they intervene in moral mishaps and antisocial behavior that arise among children during school time. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
-
(2013): Von der Bedeutung des Glucks. In: TZI Themenzentrierte Interaktion 27 (1), S. 9-18
Abstract: Die Bedeutung von Gluck und die Beziehungen zwischen Gluck und Moral werden aus der Perspektive der themenzentrierten Interaktion (TZI) betrachtet. Nach einer Bestimmung des Glucksbegriffs (episodisch und ubergreifend) werden historische Stationen der Auffassungen uber das Verhaltnis von Gluck und Moral beleuchtet. Als ein wesentliches Element des Glucks wird der Aspekt der Selbstbestimmung verdeutlicht, der im Konflikte zwischen Gluck und Moral (zwischen Selbstachtung und Rucksicht auf die Anspruche und Gefuhle anderer) bedeutsam ist. Anhand der TZI-Konzeption werden Gluck und Moral anschliessend unter dem Vorzeichen eines "Sowohl-als-auch" als dialektische Einheit der Gegensatze reflektiert.
2012
-
(2012): Getting Down to Basics. A Situated Model of Conflict in Social Relations. In: Negotiation Journal 28 (1), S. 7-43. DOI: 10.1111/j.1571-9979.2011.00324.x
Abstract: The field of conflict resolution is fractured. Despite many decades of fine research, we still lack a basic unifying framework that integrates the many theories of conflict dynamics. Thus, the findings from research on conflict are often piecemeal, decontextualized, contradictory, or focused on negative outcomes, which contributes to a persistent research-practice gap. In this article, we describe a situated model for the study of conflict that combines separate strands of scholarship into a coherent framework for conceptualizing conflict in dyadic social relations. The model considers conflict interactions in the context of social relations and employs prior research on the fundamental dimensions of social relations to create a basic framework for investigating conflict dynamics. The resulting model is heuristic and generative. We discuss the theoretical context and main propositions of this model as well as its implications for conflict resolution practitioners.
Keywords: adaptivity, BEHAVIOR, conflict, conflict theory, COOPERATION, decision-making, Dyadic Social Relations, dynamic systems theory, DYNAMICAL-SYSTEMS, HANDLING INTERPERSONAL CONFLICT, Interaktion, interdependence, INTRACTABLE CONFLICT, Konfliktverhalten, NEGOTIATION, ORGANIZATIONAL POWER, POWER, social relations, stimulus fields, UNEQUAL POWER 1999
-
(1999): Lass uns richtig streiten. Vom Wortgefecht zum Dialog. Original: The argument culture. Moving from debate to dialogue.. 1. Aufl.. München: Goldmann
Abstract: Es wird die Eingangsthese formuliert, dass die westliche Gesellschaft zunehmend von einer Streitkultur durchdrungen ist. Als Resultat wird eine kriegerische Atmosphäre konstatiert, die oftmals mehr Probleme schafft, denn löst. Wie tief ein solches Frontdenken im Kopf jedes einzelnen verankert ist und wie dadurch ein kreatives Denken behindert wird, wird nun aufzuzeigen versucht. Dem werden alternative Umgangsformen mit Meinungsverschiedenheiten in anderen Kulturen gegenübergestellt. Schließlich werden Anregungen gegeben, neue Modelle entwickeln, die zu einem besseren gegenseitigem Verständnis und damit letztlich zu einer Problemlösung beitragen sollen.
1989
-
(1989): Der kurze Atem der Provokation. In: KOLNER ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SOZIOLOGIE UND SOZIALPSYCHOLOGIE 41 (1), S. 33-52
Abstract: Describes provocation from a sociological perspective as a pattern of interaction in social movements. The general structural properties of provocation are outlined: breaking of a norm, surprise, conflict orientation, reaction dependencies, and exposure. Provocation is described as an essential method of delegitimizing power. The role of provocation in the dynamics of social movements is discussed, focusing on the balance between affective processes of community and rational consensus. Aus soziologischer Perspektive werden Provokationen als Handlungsmuster sozialer Bewegungen analysiert. Zunachst werden allgemeine Strukturmerkmale der Provokation (Normbruch, Uberraschung, Konfliktorientierung, Reaktionsangewiesenheit, Entlarvung) beschrieben. Provokationen werden als eine zentrale Methode der Delegitimierung von Macht charakterisiert. Anschliessend wird die Bedeutung von Provokationen fur die Interaktionsdynamik sozialer Bewegungen diskutiert. Im Zentrum steht dabei das Spannungsverhaltnis von affektiver Vergemeinschaftung und rationaler Konsensbildung, die als zwei unterschiedliche Integrationsmodi der Bewegung eingefuhrt werden. zitiert von 49
1982
-
(1982) : Moralisches Urteil und Aggression: Zur Systematisierung und Präzisierung des Aggressionskonzeptes sowie einiger empirischer Befunde In: Hilke, Reinhard; Kempf, Wilhelm; Aschenbach, Günter (Hg.): Aggression: Naturwissenschaftliche und kulturwissenschaftliche Perspektiven der Aggressionsforschung: Bern: Hans Huber, S. 208-280
Abstract: Die Beziehung zwischen Aggression und moralischem Urteil wird zu klären versucht. Zu diesem Zweck werden zunächst Binnengliederung, logischer Status und Beziehung der Aggression zu anderen Motivarten umrissen und Begriffe wie Handlung, Aktivität, Konfliktlösung und andere definiert. Moralische Urteile werden als Konfliktlösungsvorstellungen verstanden. Im Rahmen dieser Terminologie werden vier Handlungsthemen erörtert: Altruismus, Aggression, Egoismus, Askese. Es wird untersucht, inwieweit aggressive Handlungen auch den übrigen Themen untergeordnet sein können. Kohlbergs Stufenmodell moralischer Entwicklung wird im Zusammenhang mit entsprechenden Forschungsergebnissen referiert, und Inhalte moralischen Urteils werden aufgezeigt, die sich den genannten Handlungsthemen zuordnen lassen. Bedingungen ihrer Aktualgenese werden präzisiert. Sodann wird eine Beschreibung der jeweiligen Handlungsabläufe versucht, wobei kognitive und emotionale Prozesse in einem komplexen Schema dargestellt werden. Die Bedeutung des moralischen Urteils in den einzelnen thematisch unterschiedenen Handlungstypen wird, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung "aggressiver" Handlungen, ausfuehrlich dargelegt, wobei Bezug genommen wird auf theoretische Überlegungen und empirische Befunde anderer Autoren. Forschungs- und therapiepraktische Konsequenzen werden angesprochen. Hauptwerk zitiert von: 10
- <<
- <
- 1