Alle Publikationen
2011
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(2011): Learning of timing patterns and the development of temporal expectations. In: Psychological research 75 (3), S. 243-258. DOI: 10.1007/s00426-010-0302-7
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20683612 Abstract: The present study investigated the learning of a culturally unfamiliar musical rhythm, leading to the development of temporal expectations, and it explored the potential for generalization across tempi and tasks. With that aim, we adapted the serial reaction time task to examine the learning of temporal structures by an indirect method. The temporal pattern employed was based on a complex interval ratio (2:3) and compared to one based on a simple interval ratio (1:2). In the exposure phase, non-musician participants performed a two-choice speeded discrimination task that required responding by key press to each event of the simple or complex auditory pattern. Participants were not informed about the temporal regularities; their task solely concerned the discrimination task. During exposure (Experiments 1-3), response times decreased over time for both temporal patterns, but particularly for the events following the longer interval of the more complex 2:3 pattern. Exposure further influenced performance in subsequent testing phases, notably the precision of tap timing in a production task (Experiment 2) and temporal expectations in a perception task (Experiment 3). Our findings promote the new paradigm introduced here as a method to investigate the learning of temporal structures. zitiert von 23
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(2011) : Emotion, self-regulation, and social behavior in cultural contexts In: Chen, Xinyin; Rubin, Kenneth H. (Hg.): Socioemotional development in cultural context: New York, NY: Guilford (Social, emotional, and personality development in context), S. 131-163
Abstract: Presented a cultural model of emotion, self-regulation, and social development. The authors argue that culture plays a pivotal role in the socialization of emotion, having an effect on children's ability to self-regulate and ultimately their social behavior. Topics of discussion include the functional relations between emotional and social development, the aspects of social competence, parenting, universal and individual developmental conditions, the role of culture-specific socialization conditions, the role of cognitive and emotional factors in the development of self-regulation, universal and culture-specific conditions of emotion regulation, and culture-specific aspects of socialization processes. It is concluded a culturally informed view on the development of emotion and social behavior is necessary for the proper evaluation of any actual outcome. The need for more cross-cultural, within-culture, and culturally informed studies on the development of emotion regulation, self-regulation, and social competence is recommended. zitiert von 42
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(2011): Service without a smile. Comparing the consequences of neutral and positive display rules. In: The Journal of applied psychology 96 (2), S. 350-362. DOI: 10.1037/a0021880
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21171731 Abstract: We used an experimental design to examine the intrapersonal and interpersonal processes through which neutral display rules, compared to positive display rules, influence objective task performance of poll workers and ratings provided by survey respondents of the poll workers. Student participants (N = 140) were trained to adhere to 1 of the 2 display rule conditions while delivering opinion surveys to potential patrons of an organization during a 40-min period. Results showed that, compared to positive display rules, neutral display rules resulted in less task persistence and greater avoidance behavior. These effects were mediated through a greater use of expression suppression. In addition, neutral display rules resulted in less positive respondent mood, which accounted for lower ratings of service quality and of overall favorability attitudes toward the sponsoring organization. The importance and ubiquity of neutral display rules are discussed, given the potential for positive and negative consequences at work.
Keywords: Adult, Affect/physiology, Attitude, Business Studies, dominance, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Lächeln, Male, Nonverbale Kommunikation, Psychologie, Smiling/physiology/psychology, Sozialpsychologie, Students/psychology, Task Performance and Analysis, Work/psychology, Young Adult -
Turner, Kagan; Yolum, Pinar (Hg.) (2011): Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Autonomous Agents & Multiagent Systems. May 2 - 6, 2011, Taipei, Taiwan. Association for Computing Machinery; International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems; International Conference on Autonomous Agents & Multiagent Systems; Autonomous Agents & Multiagent Systems Conference; Aamas. New York, NY: ACM Assoc. for Computing Machinery
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(2011): Power, alienation and performativity in capitalist societies. In: European Journal of Social Theory 14 (2), S. 161-179. DOI: 10.1177/1368431011403460
Abstract: The article presents a model of performative agency in capitalist societies. The first section reconsiders the problem of third-dimensional power as developed by Steven Lukes, focusing on the relationships between universal human needs and social forms. The second section uses the concepts of the 'self', 'I' and 'person' to characterize the relationships between human nature, affect, individual alienation, social institutions and personal judgement. Alienation is argued to be inherent in human agency, rather than being solely created by capitalism. The next section applies this analysis within an agonal theory of civil society that is driven by the individual's performative participation in associations that compete within institutional settings. Finally the article considers the political ramifications of this model, rejecting contemporary constitutionalist approaches in favour of a revised form of pluralist associationalism. Throughout, the article warns of the dangerous marginalization of emotions (or 'affect') by excessively self-conscious, rationalist approaches such as Mead's social theory, liberal universalism and even some performative theories.
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(2011): The impact of disappointment in decision making. Inter-individual differences and electrical neuroimaging. In: Frontiers in human neuroscience 4. DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2010.00235
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2010.00235 Abstract: Disappointment, the emotion experienced when faced to reward prediction errors (RPEs), considerably impacts decision making (DM). Individuals tend to modify their behavior in an often unpredictable way just to avoid experiencing negative emotions. Despite its importance, disappointment remains much less studied than regret and its impact on upcoming decisions largely unexplored. Here, we adapted the Trust Game to effectively elicit, quantify, and isolate disappointment by relying on the formal definition provided by Bell's in economics. We evaluated the effects of experienced disappointment and elation on future cooperation and trust as well as the rationality and utility of the different behavioral and neural mechanisms used to cope with disappointment. All participants in our game trusted less and particularly expected less from unknown opponents as a result of disappointing outcomes in the previous trial but not necessarily after elation indicating that behavioral consequences of positive and negative RPEs are not the same. A large variance in the tolerance to disappointment was observed across subjects, with some participants needing only a small disappointment to impulsively bias their subsequent decisions. As revealed by high-density EEG recordings the most tolerant individuals - who thought twice before making a decision and earned more money - relied on different neural generators to contend with neutral and unexpected outcomes. This study thus provides some support to the idea that different neural systems underlie reflexive and reflective decisions within the same individuals as predicted by the dual-system theory of social judgment and DM. zitiert von 16
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(2011): Narratives and Action Explanation. In: Philosophy of the Social Sciences 42 (1), S. 31-67. DOI: 10.1177/0048393111426401
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(2011): Moral judgments and the role of social harm. Differences in automatic versus controlled processing. In: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 47 (1), S. 1-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2010.07.016
Abstract: The social intuitionist model has served as an important corrective to the earlier dominance of rational deliberation in moral psychology. Yet the relationship between intuition and deliberation in moral judgments remains largely unexplored. Three studies were conducted to explore the role of automatic and controlled processes in moral judgments. Results suggest that controlled processing is attuned to instances of social harm. Immoral acts (i.e., cases of serious academic dishonesty) that involved diffuse harm in the form of flouting societal rules did not result in increased moral censure under deliberation. In contrast, similar dishonest acts that involved direct social harm to others resulted in harsher, more punitive moral judgments under deliberation, providing evidence of augmentation of automatic responses under controlled processing. The results suggest that the intuitionist sensitivity to direct physical harm has parallels in the controlled processing system, which seems sensitive to non-physical instances of social harm, such as over-benefiting the self at the expense of deserving others. zitiert von: 18
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(2011): More than meets the eye: The role of subordinates' self-perceptions in leader categorization processes. In: The Leadership Quarterly 22 (2), S. 367-382. DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.02.011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.02.011 Abstract: Leader categorization theory suggests that subordinates implicitly compare their leaders with a cognitively represented ideal image of a leader, i.e., an ideal leader prototype. The better the match, the more favorable subordinates' attitudes toward their leaders will be. We suggest, however, that subordinates not only perceive their leaders against the backdrop of a leader prototype but also themselves. Based on socio-cognitive research, we hypothesize that these self-perceptions in turn should lend more weight to the leader prototype as a benchmark. Three field studies with employees (N = 87; N = 265; N = 385) were undertaken to test our hypothesis. Results confirm that subordinates' perceptions of their leaders against an ideal leader prototype are related to subordinates' respect for their leaders and leadership effectiveness perceptions, and that these relationships are moderated by subordinates' self-perceptions against the ideal leader prototype. This study therefore extends current follower-centric perspectives on leadership and strengthens its ties with fundamental socio-cognitive research.
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(2011): Individual differences in the leader categorization to openness to influence relationship. In: Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 14 (5), S. 605-622. DOI: 10.1177/1368430210391311
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430210391311 Abstract: Contemporary so called follower-centric leadership theories often argue that “good leadership is in the eye of the beholder”. Leader categorization theory, for instance, suggests that subordinates use their cognitive representation of an ideal leader (ideal leader prototype) as an implicit “benchmark” to determine their openness towards the target’s leadership, i.e., influence. With the present study, we extend this rationale by hypothesizing that such benchmarking processes are subject to follower individual differences. In particular, we argue that the process of leader categorization plays a bigger role for subordinates who perceive themselves as ideal (potential) leaders. Moreover, this two-way moderation is proposed to be further qualified by subordinates’ disposition to engage in social comparison orientation. Results of two field samples with employees (N = 140; N = 287) confirm our hypotheses. In integrating the leader categorization perspective with an individual difference perspective, we not only expand the scope of follower-centric theorizing on social influence, but also support its validity.
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(2011): Der moralische Instinkt. Über den natürlichen Ursprung unserer Moral. Unter Mitarbeit von Christiane Kuby. 1., neue Ausg. Göttingen, Niedersachs: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
Abstract: Das Buch versucht eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Antwort auf die Frage nach Gut und Böse zu geben. Es ordnet unser moralisches und unmoralisches Verhalten fünf verschiedenen Moralsystemen zu. Vier von ihnen beruhen auf Intuitionen oder Emotionen (die Bindungsmoral, die Moral der Gewalt, die Moral der Reinlichkeit, die Kooperationsmoral) und nur eine ist rational begründet (die Prinzipienethik). Diese Formen von Moral spornen Menschen dazu an, Dinge zu tun oder zu lassen, aus je verschiedenen Gründen und auf unterschiedliche Weise. Was aber allen Moralsystemen eigen ist, ist die Tatsache, dass sie unsere individuelle Freiheit zugunsten eines höheren Zwecks, dem Wohl der Gemeinschaft, einschränken. Der Autor führt dem Leser vor Augen, was wir über den Ursprung und die Entwicklung der Moral wissen. Er zeigt anhand von vielen Beispielen, dass Moral häufig auf unreflektierte, spontane, emotionsbetriebene Prozesse zurückzuführen ist. Neurowissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse liefern Beweise für die tiefe Verankerung der Moral im menschlichen Körper. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird gezeigt, über welche Fähigkeiten Menschen aus unterschiedlichsten Kulturen verfügen, um den Konflikt zwischen Eigeninteresse und übergeordnetem Interesse zu lösen. Das Buch verschiebt das Augenmerk von der kulturellen Diversität auf die biologischen Gegebenheiten. Der Autor plädiert letztendlich für eine Ethik, die emotionale und rationale Moral gleich gewichtet. - Inhalt: (1) Die Bindungsmoral. (2) Die Moral der Gewalt. (3) Die Moral der Reinigung. (4) Die Moral der Kooperation. (5) Prinzipienethik. zitiert von: 11
Keywords: Ethik, Evolution, Handlung, Instinkt, Instinktives Verhalten, Moral, Prinzip, Prinzipienethik, Verhalten, Verhaltensforschung -
(2011): Intelligent Virtual Agents. 10th International Conference, IVA 2011, Reykjavik, Iceland, September 15-17, 2011. Proceedings. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag GmbH Berlin Heidelberg (Lecture Notes in Computer Science). Online verfügbar unter http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23974-8
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(2011): Dynamic Sanctioning for Robust and Cost-Efficient Norm Compliance. Conference: IJCAI 2011. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Barcelona, Spain, S. 414-419
Abstract: As explained by Axelrod in his seminal work An Evolutionary Approach to Norms, punishment is a key mechanism to achieve the necessary social control and to impose social norms in a self-regulated society. In this paper, we distinguish between two enforcing mechanisms. i.e. punishment and sanction, focusing on the specific ways in which they favor the emergence and maintenance of cooperation. The key research question is to find more stable and cheaper mechanisms for norm compliance in hybrid social environments (populated by humans and computational agents). To achieve this task, we have developed a normative agent able to punish and sanction defectors and to dynamically choose the right amount of punishment and sanction to impose on them (Dynamic Adaptation Heuristic). The results obtained through agent-based simulation show us that sanction is more effective and less costly than punishment in the achievement and maintenance of cooperation and it makes the population more resilient to sudden changes than if it were enforced only by mere punishment.
Keywords: Semira, Social Norms -
(2011): Adaptive aiding of human-robot teaming: Effects of imperfect automation on performance, trust, and workload. In: Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making 5 (2), S. 209-231. DOI: 10.1177/1555343411410160
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1555343411410160 Abstract: [Correction Notice: An erratum for this article was reported in Vol 5(3) of Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making (see record [rid]2011-18021-005[/rid]). In the original article, the data in Tables 3 and 4 were switched. The corrected Tables 3 and 4 is given in the erratum.] In many emerging civilian and military operations, human operators are increasingly being tasked to supervise multiple robotic uninhabited vehicles (UVs) with the support of automation. As 100% automation reliability cannot be assured, it is important to understand the effects of automation imperfection on performance. In addition, adaptive aiding may help counter any adverse effects of static (fixed) automation. Using a high-fidelity multi-UV simulation involving both air and ground vehicles, two experiments examined the effects of automation reliability and adaptive automation on human-system performance with different levels of task load. In Experiment 1, participants performed a reconnaissance mission while assisted with an automatic target recognition (ATR) system whose reliability was low, medium, or high. Overall human-robot team performance was higher than with either human or ATR performance alone. In Experiment 2, participants performed a similar reconnaissance mission with no ATR, static automation, or with adaptive automation keyed to task load. Participant trust and self-confidence were higher and workload was lower for adaptive automation compared with the other conditions. The results show that human-robot teams can benefit from imperfect static automation even in high task load conditions and that adaptive automation can provide additional benefits in trust and workload. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2011): Designing to Support Social Connectedness. The Case of SnowGlobe 5, S. 129-142
Abstract: Social awareness systems aim at supporting social connectedness by providing users with subtle cues about what is happening in their social network. In developing such systems, designers are faced with many design choices that influence the way social connectedness is affected. Typically, the designs and evaluations of social awareness systems lack foundations in formal models of social connectedness. This paper first describes a conceptual model of social connectedness, which provides a guideline for the design and evaluation of a social awareness system called Snow Globe. Snow Globe is a lamp that creates interpersonal awareness of movement between people in two remote living rooms. It displays movement of a remote user by glowing brighter, and users can exchange nudges by users shaking their Snow Globes, making the remote Snow Globe blink. The user-system interactions and the effect of system use on social connectedness were evaluated in a field trial. Participants used a Snow Globe for several weeks and experienced Snow Globe as a complementary form of communication. Interviews and log-data show that participants enjoyed using Snow Globe, and that it contributed to relationship saliency and closeness as dimensions of social connectedness. Key design aspects for this effect were found to be the low-bandwidth level of communication, the ambiguity of the interaction, and the physicality of the interactions.
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Voorhoeve, Alex (2011): Conversations on ethics.. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press
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(2011): Promoting social-emotional competence in preschool: Evaluation of a preventive behavioral training program. In: KINDHEIT UND ENTWICKLUNG 20 (4), S. 219-228
Abstract: This paper reports results of an evaluation study on effectiveness of a social-emotional competence training. Preschool children (n = 127) took part in a training program and are compared to an untreated control group (n = 129) by means of teachers evaluation questionnaires before and after the training. Afterwards, the training effects of a risk group with problematic social behavior are evaluated. General analyses show positive effects on social-emotional competence, but only marginal effects on problem behavior. However, differential analyses of the risk group show positive effects on both aspects. Due to the practicability and the results for the promotion of social-emotional skills, the evaluated training can also be recommended as a universal prevention program.
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(2011): On the moral equality of artificial agents. In: International Journal of Technoethics 2 (1), S. 35-42. DOI: 10.4018/IJT.2011010103
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/IJT.2011010103 Abstract: Artificial agents such as robots are performing increasingly significant ethical roles in society. As a result, there is a growing literature regarding their moral status with many suggesting it is justified to regard manufactured entities as having intrinsic moral worth. However, the question of whether artificial agents could have the high degree of moral status that is attributed to human persons has largely been neglected. To address this question, the author developed a respect-based account of the ethical criteria for the moral status of persons. From this account, the paper employs an empirical test that must be passed in order for artificial agents to be considered alongside persons as having the corresponding rights and duties. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2011): Perceptions of Police Disrespect During Vehicle Stops: A Race-Based Analysis. In: Crime & Delinquency 57 (3), S. 356-376. DOI: 10.1177/0011128708316177
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128708316177 Abstract: Blacks and Whites perceive American social institutions in very different terms, and views of the police are no exception. Prior research has consistently demonstrated that race is one of the most salient predictors of attitudes toward the police, with African Americans expressing more dissatisfaction than Whites. The purpose of this research is to evaluate this issue by examining the relative influence of vicarious experience and more general trust in social institutions on Black-White differences in perceptions of disrespect by the police. Using survey data from the North Carolina Highway Traffic Study, the results suggest that vicarious experience and more long-standing trust in social institutions influence the likelihood that respondents will perceive police as disrespectful.
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(2011): Understanding Historical (Im)Politeness. In: Journal of Historical Pragmatics 12 (1-2), S. 104-132. DOI: 10.1075/jhp.12.1-2.05wat
Abstract: The central argument of this paper is that "politeness", when looked at not as a theoretical term but as a lexeme in the English language, has a relatively unstable set of cognitive concepts for which it prompts when used. The first-order notion of "politeness" developed by Watts, Ide and Ehlich (1992a), Watts (2003, 2005) and Locher (2004) entails the need for a very different form of theorisation from the rationalist/objectivist approach presented in Brown and Levinson (119781 1987). The only way to develop such a new "theory" of first-order "politeness" is to take positively and negatively evaluated linguistic expressions referring to the general area of "politeness" (polite, polished, refined, well-mannered, standoffish, etc.) to prompt for the socio-cognitive construction of a range of meanings that do not always correspond to one another or even overlap, i.e. to develop a socio-cognitive constructionist approach to emergent social practice. In terms of looking at "politeness" from a historical point of view, it is obviously difficult if not impossible to reconstruct the forms of emergent social practice, but English writings during the early eighteenth century are replete with references to terms such as polite, polished, affected, politeness, etc. The close study of how such terms are used reveals that what was understood by them was very different from what politeness researchers of today understand by "politeness", and such differences can only be accounted for by positing a relativist model that can account for variability and change.
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(2011): Man kann nicht nicht kommunizieren: Das Lesebuch. Bern: Huber
Abstract: Kein Satz hat Paul Watzlawick so berühmt gemacht wie dieser: Man kann nicht nicht kommunizieren. Auch ohne Worte stehen wir jederzeit im Austausch mit unseren Mitmenschen - ob wir wollen oder nicht. Der Philosoph und Psychoanalytiker hat mit seinen Axiomen und Theorien unser Verständnis über Kommunikation radikal und nachhaltig verändert. Auf unerreichte Weise verbindet Watzlawick dabei wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse mit einem großen schriftstellerischen Talent. Viele seiner beispielhaften Geschichten sind ebenso ins kollektive Bewusstsein übergegangen wie jener Satz über die Unmöglichkeit des Nichtkommunizierens. Im Sommer 2011 hätte Paul Watzlawick seinen 90. Geburtstag gefeiert. Grund genug, die besten Ansichten und Einsichten des radikalen Konstruktivisten und Kommunikationsphilosophen sorgfältig zusammenzustellen und liebevoll zu editieren. Ergänzt wird der schmucke Band durch ein Nachwort von Friedemann Schulz von Thun sowie durch ein ausführliches Gespräch mit dem Meister, geführt und mit einer biografischen Notiz versehen von Bernhard Pörksen.
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(2011): Looking forward to a 'robotic society'?: Notions of future human-robot relationships. In: International Journal of Social Robotics 3 (2), S. 111-123. DOI: 10.1007/s12369-010-0076-5
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-010-0076-5 Abstract: This article reports on an explorative investigation comparing the notions of future human-robot relationships of the participants of a user study who interacted with a humanoid robot for the first time on the one hand, and those of experts from the industry on the other hand. By means of in-depth interviews, data on the following topics was gathered from 52 user study participants and six experts: (1) quality of life, health, and security, (2) working conditions and employment, (3) education, (4) cultural context. A content analysis of the interview material derived five key aspects of the future 'robotic society': (1) replacement, (2) competition, (3) safety and supervision, (4) increasing productivity, (5) cost and benefit assessment. Furthermore, a description of what makes a robot different from a machine or a human could be obtained. Additionally, the interviews were supplemented by two standardized questionnaires to measure the participants’ general attitude and acceptance towards robots. The article highlights the difference regarding viewpoints and understandings of the future human-robot relationships between novice users and experts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2011) : Etiquette-Based Sociotechnical Design In: Hayes, Caroline C.; Miller, Christopher Allan (Hg.): Human-computer etiquette: Cultural expectations and the design implications they place on computers and technology: Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, S. 323-350
Abstract: This chapter argues that etiquette applies not just to the people who use computers but also to how the technology is designed. When technical systems underlie social environments, as in chat, social networks, instant messages, virtual worlds, and online markets, they must support social acts that give synergy, not antisocial acts that destroy it. Politeness, defined as the free giving of choice to others in social interactions (Whitworth, 2005), or etiquette, are critical examples. If we don’t consider community good when designing socio-technical systems, we should not be surprised if we don’t get it. While etiquette hasn’t traditionally been taught in software design courses, we argue that it should be. E-mail spam illustrates what happens when sociotechnical design goes wrong, when it ignores the basic principles ofconversation etiquette. Channel e-mail design illustrates an etiquettebased design in the illustrative case of e-mail, but the principles proposed are generic to all sociotechnical contexts.
Keywords: Design, doppelter Treffer, Etikette, Favoriten, Human-Computer Etiquette, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Modelle/Theorien, Realtechnik, Sozial Intelligente Agenten, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Robotik, Soziosensitive Systeme, soziotechnische Systeme, Technik, Volltreffer -
(2011): Die Zukunft der Cultural Studies. Theorie, Kultur und Gesellschaft im 21. Jahrhundert. Bielefeld: Transcript (Cultural studies)
Abstract: Die Zukunft der "Cultural Studies" wird erörtert. Dabei wird die Auffassung verdeutlicht, dass sich die Cultural Studies in der ersten Dekade des dritten Jahrtausends als eine umstrittene, aber gleichzeitig vielschichtige und die Komplexität des kulturellen und gesellschaftlichen Lebens erhellende Formation zeigen. Die Vielfalt der theoretischen Paradigmen, intellektuellen Perspektiven und empirischen Zugänge verbindet ihre Verpflichtung zur kritischen Analyse der Gegenwart. Ausgehend von der zentralen Relevanz von Kultur in der sich herausbildenden globalen Gesellschaft werden in den Cultural Studies die Machtverhältnisse in unterschiedlichen Kontexten analysiert, Kontingenz und Relationalität gesellschaftlicher Praktiken werden aufgezeigt. Verhältnisse von Theorie, Kultur und Gesellschaft im 21. Jahrhundert werden kritisch analysiert. - Inhalt: (1) Rainer Winter: Einleitung: Cultural Studies - Jetzt und in der Zukunft. (2) Michael Ryan: Prolegomena zu den Kulturwissenschaften. (3) Ryan Bishop: Die Cultural Studies der Zukunft: Ein Plädoyer für mehr Mut und mehr Anregungen von außen. (4) Hanno Hardt: Wozu Cultural Studies? (5) Rainer Winter: Kritik, soziale Gerechtigkeit und Intervention: Qualitative Forschung in der amerikanischen Tradition. (6) Scott Lash: Posthegemoniale Macht: Cultural Studies im Wandel? (7) Douglas Kellner: Medienspektakel und Medienevents: Kritische Überlegungen. (8) Nick Couldry: Können wir eine Medienethik erstellen, und wenn ja, auf welcher Grundlage? (9) Huimin Jin: Für einen globalen Dialogismus: Zur begrifflichen Überwindung des "kulturellen Imperialismus" und der damit verbundenen kritischen Positionen. (10) Mike Featherstone: Die Moderne und die kulturelle Frage. zitiert von 14
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(2011) : Computational Models Of Etiquette And Culture In: Hayes, Caroline C.; Miller, Christopher Allan (Hg.): Human-computer etiquette: Cultural expectations and the design implications they place on computers and technology: Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, S. 63-90
Abstract: Etiquette is often defined as a shared code of conduct. Social etiquette such as how to greet your new boss from Japan can be seen as a discrete set of rules that define the proper behaviors for specific situational contexts. Those who share the same etiquette model (i.e., the same rules and interpretations of these rules) may also share expectations of appropriate behaviors, and interpretations of unexpected behaviors. When people lack a shared model of etiquette, the result may be confusing, unproductive, or even dangerous interactions. Etiquette is a well studied phenomenon in linguistics and sociology; it is a vital part of communication in virtually all cultures and all types of interactions. However, what is of particular interest in the work reported throughout this volume, is the increasing evidence that people expect their interactions with computers to be very like their interactions with humans. Not only do people readily anthropomorphize technological artifacts, but they relate to them at a social level (Reeves and Nass, 1996). We propose that the concepts of etiquette can be expanded and used to design effective human-computer interactions, and predict human reactions to computer behaviors. In this chapter we present a well studied and influential body of work on politeness in human interactions, discuss its validity in human-computer interactions, present a “believability” metric, and provide examples of empirical experiments quantifying the implementations to show that models of etiquette are not only amendable to quantitative modeling and analysis, but can also predict human behavior in human– computer and computer mediated interactions. We briefly discuss a computational model of etiquette and a series of experiments that empirically validate this model, and conclude by discussing challenges of current models and future work.
Keywords: Computer Science, Computers, doppelter Treffer, Etikette, Favoriten, FTA Face Threatening Acts, Höflichkeit, Kultur, Mensch oder Maschine, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Modell, Modelle/Theorien, Models of Etiquette in HCIs, Realtechnik, Sozial Intelligente Agenten, Soziale Angemessenheit, Soziale Robotik, Soziosensitive Systeme, Sprachgebrauch, Technik, Überblick, Unhöflichkeit, Volltreffer