Alle Publikationen
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2018
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(2018) : Adapting Robot Behavior using Regulatory Focus Theory, User Physiological State and Task-Performance Information: 2018 27th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN): Nanjing, China: IEEE Robotics & Automation Society, S. 644-651
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2018.8525648 Abstract: Social robots are expected to be part of everyday life of people. This will generate interactions between humans and robots that may have positive or negative effects on the users. In order to minimize the negative effects and increase robot persuasiveness, robots should behave in an appropriate manner by adapting to their users. How to achieve this adaptation remains a challenge. We propose the usage of the Regulatory Focus Theory, user physiological state, and game-performance information in order to detect user stress and adapt the behavior of the robot. We present a longitudinal experiment conducted with 35 participants in a game-like scenario. The robot was trained for adapting to the regulatory focus of the users and decreasing their stress while they were playing the game. For this reason, we trained the robot with 12 participants with Chronic Promotion State and with 12 participants with Chronic Prevention State. We used a Q-Learning algorithm based on the Regulatory Focus of the participants, user stress, and task performance. The model obtained was tested with 2 groups (6 and 5 participants, respectively) according to their Chronic Regulatory Focus. Results show that our system was able to generate a robot behavior capable of increasing robot persuasiveness and reducing user stress, which is of great importance for social robots.
Keywords: Adaptive systems, Angemessen(heit) (von Technik), chronic promotion state, chronic regulatory focus, game-like scenario, game-performance information, Games, human-robot interaction, ieee xplore, learning (artificial intelligence), physiology, regulatory focus theory, robot behavior, robot persuasiveness, Robot sensing systems, social robots, Stress, Task Analysis, Task Performance, task-performance information, user physiological state 2016
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(2016): Interkulturelle Psychologie. Verstehen und Handeln in internationalen Kontexten. Göttingen: Hogrefe
Abstract: Dieses Buch beleuchtet auf der Grundlage von psychologischen Theorien und Forschungsergebnissen die psychischen Prozesse, die beim Aufeinandertreffen von Menschen aus verschiedenen Kulturen beteiligt sind. Anhand von Fallbeispielen werden typische interkulturelle Begegnungssituationen geschildert und analysiert. Weitere Kapitel thematisieren, wie interkulturelle Handlungskompetenz entsteht, und zeigen Möglichkeiten auf, diese anhand von interkulturellen Trainings zu fördern. - Inhalt: (1) Einführung: Kultur und interkulturelle Interaktion. (2) Interkulturelles Handeln und psychologische Prozesse. (3) Entwicklung des Selbstbildes, des Fremdbildes und des vermuteten Fremdbildes. (4) Entwicklung des Fremdverstehens. (5) Entwicklung und Wirkungen interpersonaler Interaktionsprozesse in interkulturellen Kontexten [Sozialer Vergleich; Gerechtigkeit; soziale Interdependenz; Macht und soziale Dominanz; soziale Netzwerke; Konflikte; Minoritäten]. . (6) Stress und Stressbewältigung im Kontext interkulturellen Handelns. (7) Entwicklung interkultureller Handlungskompetenz. (8) Interkulturelle Trainings. (9) Interkulturelle Psychologie in der Praxis. zitiert von 4
Keywords: conflict, Context, Cross Cultural Communication, Cross Cultural Psychology, Cultural Sensitivity, dominance, Entreprises multinationales, Ethnopsychologie, Gestion interculturelle, Interpersonal Control, Interpersonal Interaction, Justice, Kulturforschung/ kulturelle Unterschiede, Self-Concept, Sensitivity Training, Social Comparison, social networks, Social Perception, Stress 2015
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(2015): Stress game: The role of motivational robotic assistance in reducing user’s task stress. In: International Journal of Social Robotics 7 (2), S. 227-240. DOI: 10.1007/s12369-014-0256-9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-014-0256-9 Abstract: In social HRI context, the robot’s usefulness and appropriate behavior plays an important role. A robot should be able to understand the human’s internal state (i.e., physiological and psychological states) so as to provide an adaptive and thus efficient assistance within daily life activities. Measuring stress and frustration of an individual while performing a certain task is a critical element that can help the robot adapt its behavior so as to improve user’s interest and task performance and to reduce his/her frustration. In this paper, we designed an experiment called ’Stress Game’. In our work, stress is measured in terms of heart rate signal. The robot displays different behaviors as a function of user’s personality and game condition. We conducted our experiments with the NAO robot. The experimental results support our hypotheses that the robot has a positive effect on stress relief. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2015): Self-esteem, narcissism, and stressful life events. Testing for selection and socialization. In: Journal of personality and social psychology 109 (4), S. 707-721
Abstract: Examined whether self-esteem and narcissism predict the occurrence of stressful life events (i.e., selection) and whether stressful life events predict change in self-esteem and narcissism (i.e., socialization). The analyses were based on longitudinal data from 2 studies, including samples of 328 young adults (Study 1) and 371 adults (Study 2). The effects of self-esteem and narcissism were mutually controlled for each other and, moreover, controlled for effects of depression. After conducting the study-level analyses, the findings were meta-analytically aggregated. Self-esteem had a selection effect, suggesting that low self-esteem led to the occurrence of stressful life events; however, this effect became nonsignificant when depression was controlled for. Regardless of whether depression was controlled for or not, narcissism had a selection effect, suggesting that high narcissism led to the occurrence of stressful life events. Moreover, stressful life events had a socialization effect on self-esteem, but not on narcissism, suggesting that the occurrence of stressful life events decreased self-esteem. Analyses of trait-state models indicated that narcissism consisted almost exclusively of perfectly stable trait variance, providing a possible explanation for the absence of socialization effects on narcissism. The findings have significant implications because they suggest that a person's level of narcissism influences whether stressful life events occur, and that self-esteem is shaped by the occurrence of stressful life events. Moreover, the possibility that depression mediates the selection effect of low self-esteem on stressful life events is discussed. zitiert von 31
2013
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(2013): Kultur, Kulturdimensionen und Kulturstandards
Abstract: Ausgehend von einem Kulturbegriff, nach dem Kultur als ein universelles, fur eine Gesellschaft, Organisation und Gruppe typisches Orientierungssystem aufgefasst wird, wird die Entwicklung von Kulturdimensionen und Kulturstandards, die in den letzten Jahrzehnten als zentrale Modelle zur Bestimmung kultureller Unterschiede bekannt wurden, erortert. Das Konzept der Kulturdimensionen basiert auf der grundlegenden Idee, dass es universelle Kategorien oder Themen gibt, mit denen sich alle Kulturen dieser Welt auseinandersetzen und fur die sie Antworten entwickeln mussen. Diese Annahme der grundlegenden Themen oder Wertvorstellungen impliziert, dass alle Kulturen miteinander vergleichbar sein mussen, sobald deren Antworten und Positionen zu den jeweiligen Wertfragen bekannt sind. Damit kann diese Herangehensweise auch als universalistisch bezeichnet werden, da sie kulturubergreifende allgemeine Gultigkeit fur sich beansprucht. Ausgehend von diesen Uberlegungen wurden im Laufe der vergangenen Jahrzehnte verschiedenste Kulturdimensionskonzepte entwickelt. Diese werden skizziert und kritisch diskutiert. Dann wird das Kulturstandardkonzept besprochen und an Beispielen erlautert. Es ist im Kern als ein kulturrelativistischer Ansatz zum Verstandnis von Verhaltensunterschieden zu verstehen. Ausgangspunkt ist eine Kulturdefinition, die Kultur als spezifisches Orientierungssystem versteht, das fur eine Nation, Gesellschaft, Gruppe verbindliche Deutungen und sinnstiftende Funktionen erfullt. Es wird betont, dass sich sowohl das universalistische Konzept der Kulturdimensionen als auch der kulturrelativistische Ansatz, der den Kulturstandards zugrunde liegt, als Basis fur die Untersuchung des Zusammenhangs zwischen Kultur und Stress eignen. Wahrend die universalistische Herangehensweise sich insbesondere fur den Vergleich mehrerer Kulturen und deren Umgang mit Stress anbietet, liefert die kulturrelativistische Annaherung an das Thema vor allem qualitativ wertvolle Erkenntnisse, nicht zuletzt auch uber die Entstehung von Stress in interkulturellen Begegnungssituationen. zitiert von 23
2012
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(2012): Anticipatory stress interferes with utilitarian moral judgment. In: Judgment and Decision Making (Online Journal) 7 (1), S. 61-68
Abstract: A recent study indicates that acute stress affects moral decision making (Youssef et al., in press). The current study examines whether results can be replicated using a different kind of stressor and a different kind of stress measurement. 49 students aged between 20 and 38 years were assigned either to a stress group (N= 24) or a control group (N= 25). Stress group participants were told they would have three minutes to prepare to give a public speech; the control group participants were asked to think about their last vacation. Stress levels and stress responses were assessed with questionnaires and heart rate measures before and after the stress induction/control condition. All participants performed a moral decision-making task describing moral dilemmas. These dilemmas were either personal or impersonal and each offered a utilitarian and a nonutilitarian option. Acutely stressed participants, compared to control participants, made fewer utilitarian judgments and needed longer for making a decision. Individual physiological stress response was related to fewer utilitarian judgments. Results are in line with those previously found, although different instruments were used. zitiert von: 50
2010
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(2010): What influences user acceptance of ad-hoc assistance systems? - A quantitative study. In: Mobile und ubiquitäre Informationssysteme - Technologien, Anwendungen und Dienste zur Unterstützung von mobiler Kollaboration. Bick, Markus (Ed.); Eulgem, Stefan (Ed.); Fleisch, Elgar (Ed.); Hampe, J. Felix (Ed.); König-Ries, Birgitta (Ed.); Lehner, Franz
Abstract: Which factors influence user acceptance of Ambient Intelligence applications is an interesting question worth to be studied comprehensively. We describe a quantitative user study that investigates how experience, stress, and system behavior influence user acceptance of an ad-hoc assistance system. We find that stressed users perceive the assistance system as more useful than relaxed users. Furthermore, system behavior influences how useful people perceive the system, and experience influences how easy to use people find the system. Perceived usefulness also depends on how technophile a person is. Following our findings, we develop a scheme of user acceptance and performance.
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Rigotti, Thomas (2010): Gesund mit und ohne Arbeit. Lengerich; Berlin; Bremen; Miami, Fla.; Riga; Viernheim; Wien; Zagreb: Pabst Science Publ
2009
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(2009): Stress prompts habit behavior in humans. In: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 29 (22), S. 7191-7198. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0979-09.2009
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19494141 Abstract: Instrumental behavior can be controlled by goal-directed action-outcome and habitual stimulus-response processes that are supported by anatomically distinct brain systems. Based on previous findings showing that stress modulates the interaction of "cognitive" and "habit" memory systems, we asked in the presented study whether stress may coordinate goal-directed and habit processes in instrumental learning. For this purpose, participants were exposed to stress (socially evaluated cold pressor test) or a control condition before they were trained to perform two instrumental actions that were associated with two distinct food outcomes. After training, one of these food outcomes was selectively devalued as subjects were saturated with that food. Next, subjects were presented the two instrumental actions in extinction. Stress before training in the instrumental task rendered participants' behavior insensitive to the change in the value of the food outcomes, that is stress led to habit performance. Moreover, stress reduced subjects' explicit knowledge of the action-outcome contingencies. These results demonstrate for the first time that stress promotes habits at the expense of goal-directed performance in humans. zitiert von 319
Keywords: Analysis of Variance, Blood Pressure/physiology, Conditioning, Operant/physiology, Emotions, Extinction, Psychological/physiology, Female, Goals, Habits, Humans, Hydrocortisone/metabolism, Learning, Male, MEMORY, Neurowissenschaften, Operant Conditioning, performance, Probability, Psychomotor Performance/physiology, Saliva/metabolism, Satiation/physiology, Reinforcement (Psychology), Stress, Stress, Psychological/physiopathology, Young Adult 2003
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(2003): Breaking the rules. Personal and social responses to coping norm‐violations. In: Anxiety, Stress & Coping 16 (2), S. 133-153. DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2003.10382969
Abstract: Examined the personal and social responses to norm-violating coping behavior: non-intervention in controllable situations and non-acceptance of uncontrollable situations. In Study 1, 400 subjects from the general population (age range 18-80 years) recalled two stressful episodes and reported their personal and perceived social disapproval of coping-norm violations. Observers disapproved of both types of norm violations, whereas actors tended to disapprove of non-intervention but approved of non-acceptance. In Study 2, 111 psychology students (mean age 22 years) were presented with norm-breaking coping behavior in hypothetical scenarios and indicated the extent of their disapproval of and negative sanctions for the two coping behaviors. Information about the actors' perspective was given in half the scenarios. Non-intervention was disapproved of and sanctioned more strongly than non-acceptance. Moreover, there was a general disregard for the actor's personal perspective. It is concluded that coping behavior is socially constrained, and that the personal and social perspectives on accepting uncontrollable situations differ. zitiert von 24
1998
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(1998): Belastung und Beanspruchung. Streß, Ermüdung und Burnout im Arbeitsleben. Heidelberg: Asanger
Abstract: Europäische Bestrebungen, den Arbeitsschutz auf psychische Belastungen und Beanspruchungen zu erweitern, machen die besondere Aktualität dieses Lehrbuchs aus. Es wendet sich nicht nur an Studierende, sondern insbesondere auch an Technische Aufsichtspersonen und Fachkräfte für Arbeitssicherheit in der Weiterbildung. Aus dem Inhalt: • Psychische Beanspruchung als Kriterium der psychologischen Arbeitsbewertung • Stressoren und Ressourcen • Differentialdiagnostik psychischer Fehlbeanspruchungen • Psychische Ermüdung • Monotoniezustand • Streß und Burnout – spezifische Folgen dialogischer Arbeit • Methoden der Anforderungs-Beanspruchungsanalyse unter Feldbedingungen • Methodisches Vorgehen der Beanspruchungsuntersuchung
Keywords: Arbeit, Arbeitsbedingungen, Arbeitsbewertung, Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsplatz, Arbeitsplatz / Psychische Belastung, Arbeitspsychologie, Arbeitssicherheit, Arbeitssoziologie, Arbeitswelt, Belastung, Beruf, Berufstätigkeit, Betriebssoziologie, Burnout, Burnout-Syndrom, Burn-out-Syndrom, Ermüdung, Lehrbuch, Monotonie, Psychische Belastung, Stress, Streß
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