Alle Publikationen
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2011
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(2011): Learning of timing patterns and the development of temporal expectations. In: Psychological research 75 (3), S. 243-258. DOI: 10.1007/s00426-010-0302-7
DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20683612 Abstract: The present study investigated the learning of a culturally unfamiliar musical rhythm, leading to the development of temporal expectations, and it explored the potential for generalization across tempi and tasks. With that aim, we adapted the serial reaction time task to examine the learning of temporal structures by an indirect method. The temporal pattern employed was based on a complex interval ratio (2:3) and compared to one based on a simple interval ratio (1:2). In the exposure phase, non-musician participants performed a two-choice speeded discrimination task that required responding by key press to each event of the simple or complex auditory pattern. Participants were not informed about the temporal regularities; their task solely concerned the discrimination task. During exposure (Experiments 1-3), response times decreased over time for both temporal patterns, but particularly for the events following the longer interval of the more complex 2:3 pattern. Exposure further influenced performance in subsequent testing phases, notably the precision of tap timing in a production task (Experiment 2) and temporal expectations in a perception task (Experiment 3). Our findings promote the new paradigm introduced here as a method to investigate the learning of temporal structures. zitiert von 23
2010
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(2010): Cross-cultural reading the mind in the eyes: an fMRI investigation. In: Journal of cognitive neuroscience 22 (1), S. 97-108. DOI: 10.1162/jocn.2009.21187
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21187 Abstract: The ability to infer others' thoughts, intentions, and feelings is regarded as uniquely human. Over the last few decades, this remarkable ability has captivated the attention of philosophers, primatologists, clinical and developmental psychologists, anthropologists, social psychologists, and cognitive neuroscientists. Most would agree that the capacity to reason about others' mental states is innately prepared, essential for successful human social interaction. Whether this ability is culturally tuned, however, remains entirely uncharted on both the behavioral and neural levels. Here we provide the first behavioral and neural evidence for an intracultural advantage (better performance for same- vs. other-culture) in mental state decoding in a sample of native Japanese and white American participants. We examined the neural correlates of this intracultural advantage using fMRI, revealing greater bilateral posterior superior temporal sulci recruitment during same- versus other-culture mental state decoding in both cultural groups. These findings offer preliminary support for cultural consistency in the neurological architecture subserving high-level mental state reasoning, as well as its differential recruitment based on cultural group membership.
Keywords: Adolescent, Adult, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Brain Mapping, Cross-Cultural Comparison, European Continental Ancestry Group, Eye, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Prefrontal Cortex/anatomy & histology/physiology, Reaction Time/physiology, Social Perception, Temporal Lobe/anatomy & histology/physiology, Theory of Mind/physiology, Young Adult
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