Alle Publikationen
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2016
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(2016): The Spectrum of Safety-Related Rule Violations. In: Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making 10 (2), S. 178-196. DOI: 10.1177/1555343416652745
Abstract: In a production context, safety-related rule violations are often associated with rule breaking and unsafe behavior even if violations are not necessarily malevolent. Nevertheless, our past experiments indicated a range of strategies between violation and rule compliance. Based on this finding, different types of rule-related behavior for managing organizations’ goal conflict between safety and productivity are assumed. To deepen the understanding of rule violations, the behavior of 152 participants in a business simulation was analyzed. Participants operated a plant as a production worker for 36 simulated weeks. In each week, they could choose to comply with safety rules or to violate them in order to maximize their salary. A cluster analysis of the 5,472 decisions made on how to operate the plant included the severity of the violations, the number of times participants changed their rule-related strategy, and the extent of failure/success of these strategies. Five clusters of rule-related behavior were extracted: the compliant but ineffective 'executor' (15%), the production-optimizing and behavioral variable 'optimizer' (13%), the successful and compliant 'well behaved' (36%), the notoriously violating 'inconvincible' (29%), and the 'experimenter' (7%), who does not succeed with various violating strategies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 2
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(2016): Self-Regulation and Power. How Self-Regulatory Failures Can Enhance Social Power. In: Social and Personality Psychology Compass 10 (1), S. 41-49. DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12228
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12228 Abstract: Low self‐control is often associated with poor life outcomes. Here, we propose that self‐control failures may also provide social benefits by signaling and maintaining power. We identify several pathways by which reduced self‐control can assist in ascending social hierarchies. First, the self‐enhancing tendencies adopted by people with low self‐control may contribute to making positive first impressions and advertising power to new acquaintances. The direct and disinhibited communication styles that stem from self‐control failures may also enhance power and lubricate difficult social interactions. Disinhibited aggression can help people maintain and acquire material resources and establish dominance over rivals. Finally, the parallels between the behavior of people with low self‐control and people with power (e.g., self‐enhancement, disinhibition, approach‐orientation, aggression) suggest that people with impaired self‐control will be perceived as more powerfu l than people with intact self‐control. Evidence for these propositions and directions for future research are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
1997
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(1997) : Social intelligence and success. Don't be too clever in order to be smart In: Whiten, Andrew; Byrne, Richard W. (Hg.): Machiavellian intelligence II. Extensions and evaluations: Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, S. 86-111
Abstract: Reviews research into the success and failure of behaviors in achieving social goals and argues that social and ultimately reproductive success is mainly determined by the consequences of a behavior rather than the cognitive complexity underlying it. The importance and difficulty of learning social metarules once the procedural rules of social interaction behavior (e.g., how to lie) have been mastered is discussed and is considered to be a major force driving social intelligence. A review of empirical research into children's social success illustrates the points made and shows the diversity of children's behavioral repertoire. The need for more data, for a measure of the cognitive complexity of behavior and solutions, and for an integrative functional theory is stressed.
Keywords: Achievement, Childhood Development, Cognitive Complexity, consequences vs complexity of behavior as determinant of social success or failure, Deception, Entwicklung in der Kindheit, Failure, Intelligence, Intelligenz, Kognitionswissenschaften, Kognitive Komplexität, Leistung (Fähigkeit), overview & theoretical study, Machiavellianism, Pädagogische Psychologie, Machiavellismus, Psychosocial & Personality Development, Misserfolg, Psychosocial Development, Psychosoziale Entwicklung, Psychosoziale Entwicklung und Persönlichkeitsentwicklung, Review, Social Behavior, social intelligence & procedural rules vs metarules & hidden motives & trust & social success in children & children's behavioral repertoire, Social Perception & Cognition, Soziale Intelligenz, Soziale Wahrnehmung und soziale Kognition, soziales Verhalten, Täuschen, Verhaltensforschung
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