Alle Publikationen
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2016
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(2016): Same-Gender Peer Interaction and Preschoolers’ Gender-Typed Emotional Expressiveness. In: Sex Roles 75 (5-6), S. 231-242. DOI: 10.1007/s11199-016-0601-6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-016-0601-6 Abstract: The present study was guided by hypotheses derived from peer-socialization models of gender development that suggest preschool children’s time spent interacting with same-gender peers would be linked to gender-typed emotional expressiveness. Specifically, I predicted that girls who engaged in high levels of same-gender peer interaction would express more happiness, sadness, and fear, whereas boys who engaged in more same-gender peer interaction would express more anger. To address these hypotheses, a longitudinal study was conducted in which video recordings were made of 122 preschool children (57 boys, 65 girls; 86 European American, 9 African American, 17 Hispanic, and 10 other ethnicity) attending a University sponsored preschool program in the U.S. Southwest over a period of 2 years. Video recordings of children’s peer interactions in Years 1 and 2 were coded for involvement with same-gender peers and emotional expressiveness. Results of analyses revealed that bot h girls and boys who spent more time interacting with same-gender peers in Year 1 expressed more happiness in Year 2. Boys who spent more time interacting with same-gender peers in Year 1 displayed higher levels of anger in Year 2. Girls who spent more time interacting with same-gender peers in Year 1 displayed higher levels of sadness in Year 2. The findings support arguments made by the peer-socialization model of gender development that gender-segregated peer interaction contributes to patterns of gender-typed expression of emotions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 1
2014
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(2014) : Status, Power and Felicity In: Stets, Jan E.; Turner, Jonathan H. (Hg.): Handbook of the Sociology of Emotions: Volume II: Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands (Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research), S. 155-177
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9130-4_8 Abstract: Status-power theory provides a broad approach to emotions based on the idea that a large class of emotions results from 'real, recollected or imagined outcomes of social interaction,' with interaction defined in status-power terms. In this chapter, I address the relationship between status-power outcomes and the emotion/feeling of felicity (happiness, satisfaction, contentment or well-being). In prior statements of the theory happiness was predicted from the interaction outcome of improvement in status (or standing) in a group, e.g., receiving a compliment, winning a prize, gaining a promotion; and also from the relational condition of providing status to another actor, especially notable in the case of love. This position is still maintained here, but new work in status-power theory (described in this chapter) and on how to formulate positive emotions leads to a more differentiated approach to the question of what kinds of social relations make a person feel happy. First , I will briefly review status-power theory, including an up-dated conceptualization of happiness-relevant outcomes, focusing on four relational conditions in the status-power approach. Second, I will present some general considerations that bear on status-power outcomes and happiness. Third, I will review the literature pertaining to happiness outcomes in the four relational conditions. Finally, because many students of happiness believe happiness is an outcome of living a 'meaningful' life, I will consider the status-power significance of meaningfulness (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 5
2013
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Hojjat, Mahzad (2013): Positive psychology of love. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press ([Series in positive pychology])
Abstract: In this chapter, we focus on friendships because the bounty of research to date has emphasized romantic relationships, and we wanted to bring some new information to this body of work. More specifically, we emphasize the manner in which people retain satisfaction from their ongoing relationships through the use of what has become known as 'relational maintenance strategies.' In a word, we argue that strategic use of maintenance strategies increases partners' relational quality, which in turn affects one's happiness. The following sections elaborate on this position. We first discuss the link between personal happiness and ongoing personal relationships. We then develop how relational maintenance strategies support important and fundamental relational characteristics, such as satisfaction. Finally, we explain how assessments of fairness affect the link between maintenance strategy and relational quality. Here we rely on equity theory as a conceptual framework that explains how people in Western cultures assess fair treatment and how such assessments of fairness operate in close relationships to affect the use of maintenance strategies (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2013): Von der Bedeutung des Glucks. In: TZI Themenzentrierte Interaktion 27 (1), S. 9-18
Abstract: Die Bedeutung von Gluck und die Beziehungen zwischen Gluck und Moral werden aus der Perspektive der themenzentrierten Interaktion (TZI) betrachtet. Nach einer Bestimmung des Glucksbegriffs (episodisch und ubergreifend) werden historische Stationen der Auffassungen uber das Verhaltnis von Gluck und Moral beleuchtet. Als ein wesentliches Element des Glucks wird der Aspekt der Selbstbestimmung verdeutlicht, der im Konflikte zwischen Gluck und Moral (zwischen Selbstachtung und Rucksicht auf die Anspruche und Gefuhle anderer) bedeutsam ist. Anhand der TZI-Konzeption werden Gluck und Moral anschliessend unter dem Vorzeichen eines "Sowohl-als-auch" als dialektische Einheit der Gegensatze reflektiert.
2012
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(2012): Emotion and the construal of social situations. Inferences of cooperation versus competition from expressions of anger, happiness, and disappointment. In: Cognition & emotion 26 (3), S. 442-461. DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2011.648174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2011.648174 Abstract: The notion that emotional expressions regulate social life by providing information is gaining popularity. Prior research on the effects of emotional expressions on observers' inferential processes has focused mostly on inferences regarding the personality traits of the expresser, such as dominance and affiliation. We extend this line of research by exploring the possibility that emotional expressions shape observers' construal of social situations. Across three vignette studies, an interaction partner's expressions of anger, compared to expressions of happiness or disappointment, led observers to construe hypothetical situations as less cooperative, both in dyads and groups. These effects occurred even when factual information regarding the cooperativeness or competitiveness of the situation was provided, attesting to the power of emotional expressions in shaping the construal of social situations. Results are discussed in relation to appraisal theory, reverse appraisals, emotions as social information theory, and the emergence of cooperation in groups and cultures. ztiert von 58
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Abstract: Die Auslösung von vier Gefühlsqualitäten (Stolz, Freude, Ärger, Trauer) in Verbindung mit dem jeweiligen Interaktionskontext und dem Geschlecht der Betroffenen wird im natürlichen Kontext untersucht. Daten wurden an einer Stichprobe von je zwei Männern und Frauen mit Hilfe der Tagebuchmethode erhoben. Frauen registrierten in ihren Tagebüchern mehr gefühlsmäßige Stellungnahmen als Männer. Sowohl bei Männeren als auch bei Frauen überwogen positive Gefühle im Vergleich zu negativen. Die Familie hatte bei der Stimmungslage eine besondere Bedeutung. Sie war der Interaktionskontext, in dem die meisten Gefühle registriert wurden. Auch alltägliche Fremdkontakte hatten einen starken Einfluss auf die Stimmungslage.
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