Alle Publikationen
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2018
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(2018): Ethics for Robots as Experimental Technologies: Pairing Anticipation with Exploration to Evaluate the Social Impact of Robotics. In: IEEE Robotics Automation Magazine 25 (1), S. 30-36. DOI: 10.1109/MRA.2017.2781543
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MRA.2017.2781543 Abstract: The evaluation of the societal impact of autonomous technologies, particularly robotics, has grown in technological contexts (e.g., see [14] and the IEEE Global Initiative for Ethical Considerations in Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Systems [20]), as well as broader political contexts (e.g., see the 2017 European Parliament report regarding civil law rules on robotics [21]). In this article, we adopt the perspective that conceptualizes new technologies as social experiments, stressing their experimental character to deal with the inherent uncertainty that affects their behavior. We suggest that the kind of experiments performed when evaluating robots in specific contexts of use are explorative experiments, i.e., investigations carried out in the absence of a proper theory or theoretical background that diverge from the traditional notion of controlled experiments. Considering this epistemological shift, we apply the ethical framework proposed by van de Poel for experimental technologies to the case of robotics, and we discuss its implications on the design of robots. To make our discussion more concrete, we reference the field of robots for search and rescue, which offers a challenging opportunity to test socioethical approaches to the development of robots and their interactions with environments and humans.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, autonomous robots, autonomous technologies, ethical aspects, Ethics, experimental technologies, ieee xplore, Künstliche Intelligenz, Law, Monitoring, Politics, Robotics, Robots, service robot, social aspects of automation, Social implications of technology, technological contexts -
(2018) : Emotionally Adaptive Driver Voice Alert System for Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) Applications: 2018 International Conference on Smart Systems and Inventive Technology (ICSSIT): Tirunelveli, India: IEEE, S. 509-512
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSSIT.2018.8748541 Abstract: Human cognitive analysis catalyzes the innovations in Human Machine Interface (HMI) for a variety of applications. In an Automotive Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS), the continuous cognitive interaction of the driver with the assistance system plays a crucial role in enhancing the active safety system. Multiple ADAS functionalities uses a variety of driver alerts through visual, audio and vibrational means to provide a numerous safety alerts to the driver. The effectiveness of any alert system is measured through its success rate in mitigating the actions which are against the alert commands. The actions taken by the driver for the alerts depends heavily on the driver’s moods, which are responsible for driver’s perception in understanding the alerts. Even though the voice alerts are considered as the most effective form of human alerts, the static nature of the voice alerts makes them less effective in making the driver to understand the criticality of the alerts when his moods are abnormal or having a reduced driving concentration levels. An adaptive voice alert system with a cognitive driver synchronization makes the alert penetration successful when the driver’s moods are abnormal or having a reduced driving concentration levels. Here in this paper the adaptive voice alert system is designed using the driver’s emotional cognitive features. The emotionally adaptive voice alert system changes the voice alerts as according to the moods of the driver, which are measured by Deep Learning based Emotion Recognition System. The adaptive voice alert system makes the voice enabled HMI effective which improves the vehicle safety.
Keywords: active safety system, adaptive driver voice alert system, Adaptive systems, Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS), advanced driver assistance system applications, Advanced driver assistance systems, alert commands, alert penetration successful, automotive advanced driver assistance system, Cognition, cognitive driver synchronization, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), driver alerts, driver information systems, emotion recognition, emotion recognition system, Emotion Recognition System (ERS), emotionally adaptive voice alert system, human alerts, human cognitive analysis, Human Computer Interaction, Human Machine Interface (HMI), ieee xplore, Künstliche Intelligenz, learning (artificial intelligence), Monitoring, natural language interfaces, safety alerts, Vehicles, voice alerts 2017
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(2017) : An intervening ethical governor for a robot mediator in patient-caregiver relationship: Implementation and evaluation: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA): Marina Bay Sands, Singapore: IEEE Robotics & Automation Society, S. 2936-2942
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2017.7989340 Abstract: A robot mediator can enhance the quality of patient care in a health care context. Patients with Parkinson’s disease can experience difficulties in precisely expressing their emotions due to the loss of control of their facial musculature, leading to their stigmatization by caregivers. To remedy this challenge, a robot mediator can be inserted into a patient-caregiver relationship. In this context, it is essential to handle the ethical issues of neglect to ensure human dignity. In an earlier paper [19], we proposed an intervening ethical governor (IEG) model, which enables a robot to ethically intervene in a situation where patients or caregivers go across accepted ethical boundaries. In this paper, we show how the IEG model can be implemented and applied in a real robotics system. In addition, by conducting interviews with the target population (adults 60 years of age or older), we evaluate the current intervention rules in the model, discuss potential improvements to the model, and consider uses of the model in real clinical contexts.
Keywords: Diseases, ethical aspects, ethical boundaries, ethical governor, facial musculature, Health Care, health care context, human dignity, ieee xplore, IEG model, intervening ethical governor model, Interviews, medical robotics, Medical services, Monitoring, Moral & Ethik, Parkinson disease, Patient Care, patient-caregiver relationship, real clinical contexts, real robotics system, robot mediator, Sensors, service robot, Stigmatization, Videos 2014
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(2014): The role of emotions in inter-action selection. In: Interaction Studies: Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial Systems 15 (2), S. 216-223. DOI: 10.1075/is.15.2.10nov
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/is.15.2.10nov Abstract: Comments on the original article by Faragó et al. (see record [rid]2014-41524-001[/rid]) regarding the design of social robots. They draw attention to an important issue for researchers of human-robot interaction (HRI): can we conceive a scheme for making social robot behaviour both comprehensible and appropriate in human social settings? We agree with the authors concerning the potential utility of drawing on the example of domestic animals—particularly dogs, the species with which we have the longest history of co-evolution as social interactors. Here we seek to extend from the authors emphasis on the detail of species-specific interaction to a general blueprint for robot action selection. We particularly emphasise the integral role of emotions in facilitating social inter-action selection as social signals of internal agent states that are relevant to joint action. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
2012
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(2012): Regelbefolgung - Ein Modell der Einflussgrossen. In: ZVS Zeitschrift fur Verkehrssicherheit 58 (2), S. 62-67
Abstract: Wahrend Regelbefolgung und Regelubertretung im Strassenverkehr meist als abhangig vom Grad der Uberwachung gesehen werden, wird im vorliegenden Beitrag auch der Bedeutung von Uberzeugungen der Verkehrsteilnehmer und von situativen Faktoren nachgegangen. Die Autoren fassen psychologische und verkehrswissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse und Theorien in einem Wirkmodell der Regelbefolgung zusammen, welches das Zusammenwirken unterschiedlicher Einflussgrossen berucksichtigt und damit eine Grundlage fur nachhaltig wirksame Interventionen zur Verbesserung der Regelbefolgung bildet. zitiert von 5
2011
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(2011): Vom Nutzen intelligenter Technik im Alter : Akzeptanz von Assistenzsystemen für Gesundheit und Sicherheit. In: Archiv für Wissenschaft und Praxis der sozialen Arbeit 42 (3). Online verfügbar unter Archiv für Wissenschaft und Praxis der sozialen Arbeit, 42, (3), pp. 40-50. 2011. URL: http://verlag.deutscher-verein.de/index.php?main
Abstract: Die neue Generation von intelligenten Technologien unterstützt die selbstständige Lebensführung im Alter. Besonders wichtig werden solche Lösungen und Systeme, die Gesundheit, Sicherheit und "Home Care" unterstützen, da es immer mehr ältere Menschen mit gesundheitlichen Einschränkungen geben wird. Die Frage ist jedoch, ob ältere Menschen diese Technologien akzeptieren. In der Studie "Akzeptanz von Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) - Technologien zur Unterstützung der Gesundheit und Sicherheit" wurde untersucht, ob moderne Technik von älteren, kranken oder auch behinderten Menschen, also den potenziellen Nutzern, akzeptiert und gewünscht wird. (Autorenreferat)
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(2011) : Medical Technology in Smart Homes: Exploring the User's Perspective on Privacy, Intimacy and Trust: IEEE 35th Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference workshops (COMPSACW), 2011: 18 - 22 July 2011, Munich, Germany ; proceedings: 2011 IEEE 35th IEEE Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference Workshops (COMPSACW): Munich, Germany: 7/18/2011 - 7/22/2011. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; IEEE Computer Society; IEEE Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC); Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference; IEEE Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference; Compsacw; IEEE International Workshop on Software Cybernetics (IWSC); IEEE International Workshop on Open NGN and IMS Testbeds (ONIT); IEEE International Workshop on Security, Trust, and Privacy for Software Applications (STPSA); IEEE International Workshop on Software Test Automation (STA); IEEE International Workshop on Component-Based Design of Resource-Constrained Systems (CORCS); IEEE International Workshop on Industrial Experience in Embedded System Design (IEESD); IEEE International Workshop on Applied Cloud Computing (CloudApp); IEEE International Workshop on Quality Oriented Reuse of Software (QUORS); IEEE International Workshop on Computer Forensics in Software Engineering (CFSE); IEEE International Workshop on Engineering Semantic Agent Systems (ESAS); IEEE International Workshop on Security Aspects of Process and Services Engineering (SAPSE); IEEE International Workshop on Service Science and Systems (SSS); IEEE International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Services (REFS); IEEE International Workshop on Program Debugging (IWPD): Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, S. 410-415
Abstract: This paper reports on a study exploring the attitudes of users towards video-based monitoring systems for long-term care of elderly or disabled people in smart home environments. The focus of the study was on investigating the willingness of users to accept medical technology in their homes and the specific conditions under which continuous monitoring would be acceptable. Using the questionnaire method, a total of 165 users (17-95 years) were examined regarding privacy, intimacy and trust issues for medical technology in homes. The results highlight trust and privacy as central requirements, especially when implemented within private spaces. The reported concerns were mostly insensitive to gender and age. Overall, it was revealed that acceptance issues and users' needs and wants should be seriously considered in order to successfully design new medical technologies.
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