Alle Publikationen
2018
-
(2018): Computer scoring of emotional awareness in a nonclinical population of young adults. In: Journal of Personality Assessment 100 (1), S. 107-115. DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2017.1282866
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2017.1282866 Abstract: The Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS; Lane, Quinlan, Schwartz, Walker, & Zeitlin, 1990) is an open-ended measure of the ability to describe emotional reactions. Scoring the LEAS by hand is complex and time consuming (Barchard, Bajgar, Leaf, & Lane, 2010). Therefore, Program for Open-Ended Scoring (POES; Leaf & Barchard, 2010) was designed to score the LEAS quickly and easily. Using 268 undergraduates, this article compares traditional LEAS hand scoring to 6 POES methods, 2 of which are holistic methods that have never before been examined. Based on split-half reliability, correlations with measures of emotional and social intelligence, and partial correlations once response length and vocabulary were partialed out, we recommend 3 of the POES methods when testing nonclinical samples of young adults. Because POES scoring is fast and efficient, it allows more researchers and clinicians to use the LEAS, thus moving away from self-report measures of emotional awareness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Awareness, College Students, computer scoring, Emerging Adulthood, Emotional awareness, emotional reactions, Emotional Responses, Emotionsforschung, Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale, psychometrics, Scoring (Testing), Social intelligence, Soziale Intelligenz, Statistical Reliability, Statistical Validity, Test Reliability, young adults -
(2018): Architecture of Internet Agent with Social Awareness. In: Procedia Computer Science 123, S. 240-245. DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2018.01.037
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.01.037 Abstract: We describe approach, architecture, implementation and practical applications of personal software agent with social awareness, capable to capture socio-temporal context of its user on the Web and in social networks in the course of interactions of the user with agent itself and user’s Internet environments online.
-
(2018): Social and emotional intelligence process-driven training. Liautaud Institute and servant leadership. ProQuest Information & Learning, US.
Abstract: Due to flattened organizations, market volatility, and globalization there is a need for socially and emotionally intelligent leaders to nurture and empower teams for organizational success. There is a disconnect between the learning programs provided for leaders by organizations and learning that focuses upon social and emotional intelligence learning. There are many programs advertised via the Internet that purport to increase social and emotional intelligence in participants but lack the scholarly research that may prove or disprove their claims. This study homed in upon the process-driven training program created by the Liautaud Institute of the University of Illinois quantitatively evaluating their archived data of pre-and post PDT self-surveys by leader participants and pre-and post PDT surveys of their direct reports. After correcting for self-selection bias our findings revealed significant problems with the data and our assumptions. The further implications of this study contributed to existing theory and offer recommendations for future studies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
-
(2018): Nunchi, a Korean value of social intelligence, and its relationships to emotional intelligence, psychological functioning, and interpersonal problems. ProQuest Information & Learning, US.
Abstract: Nunchi, a foundational Korean indigenous cultural value, refers to one's ability to evaluate social situations and understand others' intentions and emotions through implicit cues. Although Nunchi is an important consideration when implementing culturally sensitive interventions and research, it has only recently started to be empirically explored (Kim, Kim, & Kelly, 2006; Heo, Park, & Kim, 2012). The current study attempted to validate the measurement model of the Nunchi Scale with Korean American and Caucasian American samples. In addition, the current study examined Nunchi's relationships to similar Western concepts such as social and emotional intelligence, and to diverse aspects of interpersonal and psychological functioning, separately for Korean American and Caucasian American samples. The role of the level of adherence to Asian cultural values in the relationship between Nunchi and emotional intelligence among Korean Americans was also examined. The sample comprised of 102 Korean Americans and 241 Caucasian Americans. Participants completed measures of Asian cultural values, Nunchi, social intelligence, emotional intelligence, satisfaction with life, subjective happiness, psychological distress, and interpersonal problems. A confirmatory factor analysis did not provide evidence to support the measurement model of the Nunchi Scale, but suggested the need to delete two items. Furthermore, results indicated that Nunchi is related to social and emotional intelligence. On the contrary to hypothesized predictions, the level of adherence to Asian cultural values did not moderate the relationship between Nunchi and emotional intelligence among Korean Americans. Similarly, ethnicity did not moderate the relationship between Nunchi and (a) emotional intelligence, (b) psychological functioning, and (c) interpersonal problems. Results indicated that Nunchi is positively related to psychological functioning and negatively related to interpersonal problems for both Korean Americans and Caucasian Americans. Ethnicity only moderated the relationship between the Nunchi-Interpersonal Awareness subscale and the Attention to Feelings subscale of emotional intelligence. Post hoc analyses were conducted to examine social and emotional intelligence as mediators, and found social intelligence as a stronger mediator for Korean Americans as compared to emotional intelligence as a stronger mediator for Caucasian Americans. A direct positive relationship of Nunchi on psychological distress among Korean Americans was also found in the mediation model. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
2017
-
(2017): The effects of cognitive biases and imperfectness in long-term robot-human interactions. Case studies using five cognitive biases on three robots. In: Cognitive Systems Research 43, S. 266-290. DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2016.07.007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2016.07.007 Abstract: The research presented in this paper demonstrates a model for aiding human-robot companionship based on the principle of ‘human’ cognitive biases applied to a robot. The aim of this work was to study how cognitive biases can affect human-robot companionship in long-time. In the current paper, we show comparative results of the experiments using five biased algorithms in three different robots such as ERWIN, MyKeepon and MARC. The results were analysed to determine what difference if any of biased vs unbiased interaction has on the interaction with the robot and if the participants were able to form any kind of ‘preference’ towards the different algorithms. The experimental presented show that the participants have more of a preference towards the biased algorithm interactions than the robot without the bias.
-
(2017): Emotional-social intelligence. Development during online and on-campus holistic healthcare programs. ProQuest Information & Learning, US.
Abstract: As with traditional healthcare providers, emotional-social intelligence (ESI) plays a role in the holistic practitioner-client relationship. It is important to determine if students in holistic healthcare programs increase their ESI, and subsequently better serve their clients. The purpose of this quantitative, quasi-experimental study was to determine if online education can develop students' ESI at levels similar to that of traditional programs. This study is based on the theory of ESI and transformative learning theory. The sample consisted of 95 students in an online program and 61 in a traditional program. Multiple linear regression, ANCOVA, and Pearson Correlation's were used to explore the relationships between the independent variables professional standing, program delivery method, program progress, and number of classes with elements consistent with transformative learning theory, and the dependent variable emotional-social intelligence, as measured by the EQ-i 2.0 survey. The results of the study revealed no significant differences in the development of ESI between online and traditional methodologies, except within the self-expression category, for which online was higher. The number of transformative classes taken had no effect on the dependent variable. The positive social change implications of this study include a better understanding of the development of ESI for holistic healthcare, which could lead to a greater potential for success, as well as being better able to contribute to the stability of their communities through meeting the needs of those seeking their services. In addition, determining the relationship between transformative theories of learning and ESI development may assist in creating courses better suited to increasing students' ESI. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
-
(2017) : Model Playground for Autistic Children: Teaching Social Skills through Tangible Collaboration In: Chang, Maiga; Technologies, IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning (Hg.): ICALT 2017: IEEE 17th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies : proceedings : 3-7 July 2017, Timişoara, Romania: 2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT): Timisoara, Romania: 7/3/2017 - 7/7/2017. IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies; International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies; Icalt: Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, S. 441-445
Abstract: Children with autism often have difficulties in learning the social skills and norms of peer social interaction, which severely affect and limit their social lives. Aiming at addressing this issue, through design, we developed a digital-analogue model playground to help them understand and cope with the socially difficult situations experienced when they go to a physical playground to interact with peers. Based on therapists and parents' insights, we created the model playground with built in collaborative protocols providing immediate feedback to the children in terms of acceptable and unacceptable behaviour. Our design artefact was evaluated in a rehabilitation clinic for autistic children and demonstrates promising potential for digital-analogue devices as useful resources training peer social interaction. Our findings document that digital-analogue design devices can facilitate the development of social skills and norms through peer learning activities amongst children with autism.
Keywords: Alltag, Artificial intelligence, autistic children, collaborative protocols, computer aided instruction, Conference, development of social ability, digital-analogue devices, digital-analogue model playground, FAA, ieee xplore, inclusive learning, iterative design, peer interactions, peer learning activities, Social Skills, Soziale Intelligenz, tangible collaboration, Three-dimensional displays -
Chang, Maiga; Technologies, IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning (Hg.) (2017): ICALT 2017. IEEE 17th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies : proceedings : 3-7 July 2017, Timişoara, Romania. 2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT). Timisoara, Romania, 7/3/2017 - 7/7/2017. IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies; International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies; Icalt. Piscataway, NJ: IEEEKeywords: Alltag, Artificial intelligence, autistic children, collaborative protocols, computer aided instruction, Conferences, development of social ability, digital-analogue devices, digital-analogue model playground, FAA, ieee xplore, inclusive learning, iterative design, peer interactions, peer learning activities, Social Skills, Soziale Intelligenz, tangible collaboration, Three-dimensional displays
-
(2017): Recent trends in social aware robot navigation. A survey. In: Robotics and Autonomous Systems 93, S. 85-104. DOI: 10.1016/j.robot.2017.03.002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2017.03.002 Abstract: With the robots tending to accumulate more and more capabilities beyond the level of acting in a deterministic fashion, the idea of introducing them into our every day lives seems to be closer now. Robotics systems and techniques appeared during the recent years have achieved astonishing potential to perceive and interpret their surrounding not only as low level features but also close to human understandable concepts. Such advances, in conjunction with the aspiration to incorporate robots into domestic or public places, led to the flourishing of fields dealing with their response in human presence. Following this notion, the field of social mapping was recently introduced in order to manage the shared space among robots and individuals in an ordinary fashion. This manuscript aims to systemize the recent literature by describing the required levels of robot perception, focusing on methods related to robot’s social awareness, the availability of datasets these methods can be compared with, as well as issues that remain open and need to be confronted when robots operate in close proximity with humans.
-
(2017): Enhancing managerial effectiveness via four core facets of emotional intelligence. Self-awareness, social perception, emotion understanding, and emotion regulation. In: Organizational Dynamics 46 (3), S. 140-147. DOI: 10.1016/j.orgdyn.2017.05.007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2017.05.007 Abstract: Emotional intelligence–—a concept proposed by academic researchers about 25 years ago–—is a set of capabilities that managers can leverage to be more effective. Equipped with emotional capabilities, managers can leverage opportunities and address challenges that they encounter on a daily basis. Managers can develop better relationships with their employees, influence them more effectively, and have better performing employees and teams to the extent that they leverage emotional intelligence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Arbeits - und Organisationspsychologie, Awareness, emotion regulation, emotion understanding, Emotional Intelligence, Emotional Regulation, Emotions, Emotionsforschung, Management Personnel, managerial effectiveness, Personalmanagement, self-awareness, Social intelligence, Social Perception, Soziale Intelligenz, Supervisor Employee Interaction -
(2017): The relationship between emotional and social intelligence and conflict management behavior in leadership. ProQuest Information & Learning, US.
Abstract: The purpose of this work was to evaluate the relationship between emotional and social intelligence (ESI) and the conflict management behavior (CMB) of lower level members of management or managers in training in a public sector organization in a country in the British Caribbean. The instruments that were utilized were SPSS, the Emotional Intelligence Appraisal-Me Version , and the Conflict Dynamic Profile-Individual (CDP-I). In all cases, due to non-normality, Spearman's rho was used in order to test the five hypotheses incorporated within this study. The Spearman rho, which is also known as the Pearson correlation coefficient between ranked variables, is a nonparametric measure of statistical dependence between variables, which assesses how well the relationship between the independent variable of ESI and the dependent variable of CMB, can be described through the employment of a monotonic function. The results of this research highlighted the influence that the emotional & social intelligence of a leader may have on his or her ability to manage interpersonal conflict between subordinates effectively, and to display personalized deliberations that move toward the reduction of workplace conflict. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
-
(2017): Adolescent communication and its relationship to emotional-social intelligence. ProQuest Information & Learning, US.
Abstract: Over the past two decades the way in which we communicate has changed drastically with the evolution of mobile phones and the Internet. Professionals in the field of psychology have raised concerns regarding the impact these changes are having on the adolescent population. Research in this area has been vacillating between both positive and negative outcomes. The present study sought to identify a connection between time spent communicating though technology and emotional social intelligence (ESI), defined as the ability to identify emotions in one's self and others, utilize that knowledge effectively, and cope with the stress of normal life (Bar-On, 2006). In this study, 74 students from a high school in northern New Jersey completed two self report measures, the Emotional Quotient Inventory: Youth Version (Short) and a technology survey, which asked participants to estimate the amount of time they spend engaging with friends and family both face-to-face and through technology. Results suggest that time spent communicating through technology has no relationship to general ESI. However, a closer look at the components of ESI, resulted in the identification of statistically significant relationships. Contrary to the hypothesis, the more time participants reported communicating through technology, the higher their scores on the Interpersonal scale. Increased time communicating through technology was also related to decreases in the Stress Management scale. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
-
(2017): Human Emotional Behavior Simulation in Intelligent Agents. Processes and Architecture. In: Procedia Computer Science 104, S. 517-524. DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2017.01.167
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2017.01.167 Abstract: The paper describes and discusses processes needed for human emotional behaviour simulation, in particular, emotion incorporation into rational thinking, as well as presents corresponding agent architecture. Such system would enable various application fields, perhaps one of the most important being enhancing smart devices with emotions. Decreasing frequency of social contact has become an urgent issue, particularly among young people. Emotional and social intelligence are however highly desired set of skills which is impossible to develop without interacting with others. Although this problem has been acknowledged, and there are some efforts to facilitate social contact, e.g., by augmented virtual reality games, that is still not enough. There is a need to develop environment that would allow learning exactly social and emotional skills. This on-going research aims at developing intelligent agents that are able to express and incorporate affects into rational processes.
-
(2017): Representing social intelligence. An agent-based modeling application. In: Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 22, S. 35-43. DOI: 10.1016/j.bica.2017.09.005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bica.2017.09.005 Abstract: Intelligent systems are composed of autonomous components that interact each others, with and through the environment, in order to give intelligent support for reaching specific objectives. In such kind of systems the environment is an active part of the system itself and provides input for runtime changing and adaptation. Modeling and representing systems like this is a hard task. In this paper we propose a biologically inspired approach that combined with the use of Agent-Based Modeling allows to create a means for analyzing emergent needs of the system at runtime and converting them into useful intelligent services to be provided. The experiment proposed for validating and illustrating the approach refers to the construction of smart university campus.
-
(2017) : Social intelligence in a multicultural world. What is it? Who needs it? How does it develop? In: Budwig, Nancy; Turiel, Elliot; Zelazo, Philip David; Budwig, Nancy (Ed); Turiel, Elliot (Ed); Zelazo, Philip David (Ed) (Hg.): New perspectives on human development: New York, NY, US: Cambridge University Press, S. 313-329
Abstract: This chapter discusses the development of social intelligence in a multicultural world. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
-
(2017): Emotional intelligence predicts peer-rated social competence above and beyond personality traits. In: Current Issues in Personality Psychology 5 (2), S. 91-101. DOI: 10.5114/cipp.2017.64490
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/cipp.2017.64490 Abstract: Background: This study investigated the relationship between trait emotional intelligence (EI) and social competences (SC), which determine effective functioning in three types of social situations: intimate situations, situations of social exposure and situations requiring self-assertion. Social competences were assessed using a peer nomination method. It was hypothesized that trait EI predicts SC above and beyond personality traits. Participants and Procedure: Data were collected from among 111 adolescents (46.95% girls). The study was conducted among five classes from three public high schools. Participants first completed the Personality Inventory NEO-FFI and the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form (TEIQue-SF). Subsequently, the descriptions of three different persons were presented to the participants. Each description concerned one of the SC: intimate competence, social exposure competence and assertive competence. Participants were asked to nominate three classmates who suited each description best. Results: A series of hierarchical regression analyses was performed. Personality traits and trait EI were regressed on each competence. Analyses involved two-step hierarchical regressions, entering personality traits at step 1 and adding trait EI at step 2. The results demonstrated that personality traits explained a substantial portion of the variance in each SC. Beyond these variables, trait EI was significant as a predictor of nominations for each SC, explaining an additional amount of the unique variance. Conclusions: The results complement existing evidence that trait EI contributes to successful social functioning. The relationships between trait EI and SC remained statistically significant even after controlling for Big Five variance. The results demonstrate incremental validity of trait EI over and above personality traits. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
2016
-
(2016): Intelligent emotion and behavior based on topological consciousness and adaptive resonance theory in a companion robot. In: Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 18, S. 51-67. DOI: 10.1016/j.bica.2016.09.004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bica.2016.09.004 Abstract: Companion or ‘pet’ robots can be expected to be an important part of a future in which robots contribute to our lives in many ways. An understanding of emotional interactions would be essential to such robots’ behavior. To improve the cognitive and behavior systems of such robots, we propose the use of an artificial topological consciousness that uses a synthetic neurotransmitter and motivation, including a biologically inspired emotion system. A fundamental aspect of a companion robot is a cross-communication system that enables natural interactions between humans and the robot. This paper focuses on three points in the development of our proposed framework: (1) the organization of the behavior including inside-state emotion regarding the phylogenetic consciousness-based architecture; (2) a method whereby the robot can have empathy toward its human user’s expressions of emotion; and (3) a method that enables the robot to select a facial expression in response to the human user, providing instant human-like ‘emotion’ and based on emotional intelligence (EI) that uses a biologically inspired topological online method to express, for example, encouragement or being delighted. We also demonstrate the performance of the artificial consciousness based on the complexity level and a robot’s social expressions that are designed to enhance the users affinity with the robot.
-
(2016): A descriptive analysis. The role of social intelligence in school leadership. ProQuest Information & Learning, US.
Abstract: Social intelligence plays a crucial role in workplace environments, especially for individuals in leadership positions. The ability to anticipate the responses of others while acting wisely and in a predictive manner is a vital component of this type of intelligence. Principals are in a certain type of leadership position which requires a high degree of social intelligence. This study examined applications of social intelligence and investigated the relationship between an assessment representing this concept and successful leadership traits. The researcher investigated successful campus ratings as associated with social intelligence scores of administrative personnel. The research questions included inquiry regarding the relationship between social intelligence and school success, the role of social intelligence in academic performance, and teacher perceptions regarding leadership characteristics and social skills. A survey was developed to collect data and information regarding background and leadership skills. These factors were examined and analyzed. The instrument applied in this study was a standardized measure of social intelligence. By using social intelligence, leaders may be chosen for positions that will impact education in a positive manner. Future research is planned to continue examination of social intelligence according to the data collected in this study and the predictive value of multiple factors in school success. Applications to higher education are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
-
(2016): Touch sensor for social robots and interactive objects affective interaction. In: Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 251, S. 92-99. DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2016.10.006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2016.10.006 Abstract: The recognised importance of physical experience in empathic exchanges has led to the development of touch sensors for human–robot affective interaction. Most of these sensors, implemented as matrix of pressure sensors, are rigid, cannot be fabricated in complex shapes, cannot be subjected to large deformations, and usually allow to capture only the contact event, without any information about the interaction context. This paper presents a tactile flux sensor able to capture the entire context of the interaction including gestures and patterns. The sensor is made of alternate layers of sensitive and insulating silicone: the soft nature of the sensor makes it adaptable to complex and deformable bodies. The main features from electrical signals are extracted with the principal component analysis, and a self-organising neural network is in charge for the classification and spatial identification of the events to acknowledge and measure the gesture. The results open to interesting applications, which span from toy manufacturing, to human-robot interaction, and even to sport and biomedical equipment and applications.
-
(2016): A survey of autonomous human affect detection methods for social robots engaged in natural HRI. In: Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems 82 (1), S. 101-133. DOI: 10.1007/s10846-015-0259-2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-015-0259-2 Abstract: In Human-Robot Interactions (HRI), robots should be socially intelligent. They should be able to respond appropriately to human affective and social cues in order to effectively engage in bi-directional communications. Social intelligence would allow a robot to relate to, understand, and interact and share information with people in real-world human-centered environments. This survey paper presents an encompassing review of existing automated affect recognition and classification systems for social robots engaged in various HRI settings. Human-affect detection from facial expressions, body language, voice, and physiological signals are investigated, as well as from a combination of the aforementioned modes. The automated systems are described by their corresponding robotic and HRI applications, the sensors they employ, and the feature detection techniques and affect classification strategies utilized. This paper also discusses pertinent future research directions for promoting the development of socially intelligent robots capable of recognizing, classifying and responding to human affective states during real-time HRI. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: affect classification models, Affective Valence, automated affect detection, Body language, FACIAL EXPRESSIONS, Human Computer Interaction, human-robot interactions, Mensch-Roboter-Interaktion, Mensch-Technik-Relation, multi-modal, physiological signals, physiology, Social intelligence, Soziale Intelligenz, VOICE -
(2016): Digital technologies in the research process: Lessons from the digital research community in the UK. In: Computers in Human Behavior 61, S. 597-608. DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.053
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.053 Abstract: This paper reports on a qualitative study of the employment of digital tools, resources and services by social researchers in the UK and has a twofold aim. First, it presents the employment of digital means of research work from the stage of designing the research through to data collection and dissemination of the research results. Second, it assesses the complexity and multiplicity of digital tools, resources and services used in research as well as the complexity and range of such usage, also providing explanations as to why researchers in different disciplines use in different ways and for different purposes digital technologies of various ranges and degrees of complexity. The paper concludes that there are certain commonalities and differences in researchers' practices with digital technologies and that such practices are largely driven by researchers' expertise combined with associated disciplinary traditions and etiquette. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
2015
-
(2015) : Cultural Intelligence and Competencies In: Wright, James D.: International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition): Oxford: Elsevier, S. 433-439
Abstract: With the continuing globalization of the workplace, it is critical to understand why some people excel in intercultural contexts whereas others do not. Cultural intelligence is a person's capability to function effectively in intercultural contexts. In this article, we take stock of the growing stream of research on cultural intelligence. In particular, we review the conceptualization, measurement, and empirical evidence for the nomological network of cultural intelligence. We conclude with an eye toward the future and suggest several exciting research directions to further advance our understanding of cultural intelligence.
-
(2015): Evaluating the engagement with social robots. In: International Journal of Social Robotics 7 (4), S. 465-478. DOI: 10.1007/s12369-015-0298-7
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-015-0298-7 Abstract: To interact and cooperate with humans in their daily-life activities, robots should exhibit human-like 'intelligence'. This skill will substantially emerge from the interconnection of all the algorithms used to ensure cognitive and interaction capabilities. While new robotics technologies allow us to extend such abilities, their evaluation for social interaction is still challenging. The quality of a human–robot interaction can not be reduced to the evaluation of the employed algorithms: we should integrate the engagement information that naturally arises during interaction in response to the robot’s behaviors. In this paper we want to show a practical approach to evaluate the engagement aroused during interactions between humans and social robots. We will introduce a set of metrics useful in direct, face to face scenarios, based on the behaviors analysis of the human partners. We will show how such metrics are useful to assess how the robot is perceived by humans and how this perception changes according to the behaviors shown by the social robot. We discuss experimental results obtained in two human-interaction studies, with the robots Nao and iCub respectively. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
-
(2015): The role of functional affordances in socializing robots. In: International Journal of Social Robotics 7 (4), S. 421-438. DOI: 10.1007/s12369-015-0281-3
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-015-0281-3 Abstract: Just as humans behave according to the social norms of their groups, autonomous systems that become part of these groups also need to behave in socially-expected and accepted ways. For humans these social norms are learned through interaction with members of the group. In this work, we propose that the functional affordances of objects, what objects are meant to be used for, provide us with a starting point for the socialization of such agents. We model these functional affordances in description logics and show how this enables the socially-expected human behavior of substituting objects as needed to achieve a goal. In addition, we propose to combine these affordances with conceptual similarity and proximity in order to make more complex substitutions, which are socially acceptable in their given context. Finally, we describe how their use would allow the agent to take advantage of opportunities and how they are modified and extended through interaction with humans. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
-
(2015): Soziales Verständnis. Theoretische Grundlagen, Konstruktion und Validierung zweier Testaufgaben zum Kernkonstrukt der sozialen Intelligenz. punkt um FILM, Magdeburg.
Abstract: Zwei multimediabasierte Testaufgaben zur Messung von sozialem Verständnis im Rahmen des integrativen Modells der sozialen Intelligenz von S. Weis und H.-M. Süß werden entwickelt und ihre Konstrukt- und Kriteriumsvalidität wird überprüft. Zudem wurde die Abhängigkeit der Befunde von den angewandten Scoring-Methoden betrachtet. Insgesamt wurden drei Studien durchgeführt. Im Fokus der ersten Untersuchung (N = 155) standen die psychometrischen Eigenschaften der beiden neukonstruierten Szenarien "Katrin" und "Daniel", ihre faktoranalytische Passung in den Untertest zum sozialen Verständnis des "Magdeburger Test zur Sozialen Intelligenz" (MTSI) sowie die Einbettung in das Netzwerk anderer Konstrukte. Auf der Grundlage einer Itemanalyse der Daten der ersten Studie wurden schwache Items aus den beiden Szenarien entfernt. Die psychometrischen Eigenschaften der gekürzten Versionen wurden in der zweiten Studie (N = 103) ermittelt. Zudem wurde untersucht, ob Selbstberichtsverfahren geeignet sind, soziales Verständnis akkurat zu erfassen und ob die Variable Geschlecht die Genauigkeit der Selbsteinschätzung moderiert. Hierzu wurde ein Selbstberichtsfragebogen zum sozialen Verständnis (SSV) entwickelt, der eng an die Anforderungen der Testaufgaben zum sozialen Verständnis des MTSI angelehnt wurde. Das Selbstberichtsinventar SSV wurde zusammen mit weiteren Selbstberichtsfragebogen vor der Bearbeitung der Szenarien vorgegeben. Nach der Bearbeitung der Neukonstruktionen wurden die Probanden gebeten, den SSV erneut zu beantworten. Aufgrund der Selbsterfahrung im Leistungstest sollte die Einschätzung der eigenen sozialen Fähigkeiten realistischer werden, sodass systematische Zusammenhänge zwischen den Szenarien und dem Selbstberichtsfragebogen zum sozialen Verständnis erwartet wurden. Ziel der dritten Untersuchung (N = 43) war eine erste Kriteriumsvalidierung der neuen Testaufgaben. Für die neuen Testaufgaben zum sozialen Verständnis des MTSI konnten gute psychometrische Eigenschaften und erste Hinweise auf Konstruktvalidität aufgezeigt werden. Zudem unterstützen die durchgeführten Untersuchungen die präferierte Verwendung von "Target Scoring" im Vergleich zu "Group Consensus Scoring".
Keywords: Empathie, Empathy, Humanwissenschaften, Intelligence, Intelligenz, Personality Scales & Inventories, Personality Traits & Processes, Persönlichkeitseigenschaften und Persönlichkeitsprozesse, Persönlichkeitstests, Role Taking, Rollenübernahme, Scoring (Testing), Social Perception, Soziale Intelligenz, Soziale Wahrnehmung, Test Validity, Testvalidität, Testwertvergabe, theory of mind