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  • 2014

  • Tomova, L.; Von Dawans, B.; Heinrichs, M.; Silani, G.; Lamm, C. (2014): Is stress affecting our ability to tune into others? Evidence for gender differences in the effects of stress on self-other distinction. In: Psychoneuroendocrinology 43, S. 95-104. DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.02.006

    DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24703175 

    Abstract: Stress is a ubiquitous challenge in society as we consistently interact with others under the influence of stress. Distinguishing self- from other-related mental representations plays an important role for social interactions, and is a prerequisite for crucial social skills such as action understanding, empathy, and mentalizing. Little is known, however, about the effects of stress on self-other distinction. We assessed how acute stress impacts self-other distinction in the perceptual-motor, the affective, and the cognitive domain, in a male and female sample. In all domains, the results show opposing effects of stress on the two genders: while women showed increases in self-other distinction, men showed decreases. Our findings suggest that women flexibly disambiguate self and other under stress, enabling accurate social responses, while men respond with increased egocentricity and less adaptive regulation. This has crucial implications for explaining gender differences in social skills such as empathy and prosociality. zitiert von 72

    Keywords: Adolescent, Adult, Ego, Einzelstudie / spezifisch, Empathy/physiology, Female, Gender, Geschlechterforschung, Heart Rate, Humans, Hydrocortisone/metabolism, Imitative Behavior, Interpersonal Relations, Kognitionswissenschaften, Male, Sex Characteristics, Stress, Psychological/psychology, Young Adult

  • 2012

  • Joerchel, Amrei C. (2012): Differentiation levels of cultural mediation within a socio-cultural sphere. A re-evaluation of the concept of culture. In: Integrative psychological & behavioral science 46 (3), S. 303-311. DOI: 10.1007/s12124-012-9205-z

    DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22684874 

    Abstract: Matusov and Smith (Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science 46: 3, 2012) use a genealogical analysis of the US middle class to show how classic concepts of identity do not only represent historically, politically, and culturally local phenomena, but also contribute to them. Their analysis nicely exemplifies how culture, as semiotic mediation, guides and constrains both societal as well as intra- and inter-personal structures. As not only the traditional notion of identity, but also the mainstream concept of culture, represents a limiting understanding of the person-culture relation, the first part of this article re-evaluates two main understandings of culture within psychology and then argue for a semiotic mediational conception that simultaneously guides and constrain not only intra- and inter-individual mechanisms, but also structures the socio-cultural sphere. What remains to be examined is: how exactly can personal agency and positioning be promoted and strengthened within the tensions of personal cultures and the socio-cultural sphere.

    Keywords: Culture, education, Ego, Humans, Social Class, Sonstiges

  • 2011

  • Elliott, Carl (2011): Enhancement technologies and the modern self. In: The Journal of medicine and philosophy 36 (4), S. 364-374. DOI: 10.1093/jmp/jhr031

    DOI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21903906 

    Abstract: Many people feel uneasy about enhancement technologies, yet have a hard time explaining why. This unease is often less with the technologies themselves than about the desires and aspirations that they express. I suggest here that we can diagnose the source of that unease by looking at three themes that emerge in Taylor's writings about the making of the modern self: the importance of social recognition, the ethics of authenticity, and the rise of instrumental reason.

    Keywords: Anerkennung, Anerkennung und das moderne Selbst (Taylor), Biomedical Enhancement/ethics, doppelter Treffer, Ego, Favoriten, Human Enhancement Technologies, Humans, Konstitutionen des Selbst (Anerkennung), Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Modelle/Theorien, Morals, Philosophy, Medical, Realtechnik, recognition and Charles Taylor, Social Identification, Soziale Angemessenheit, Taylor, Technik
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