Alle Publikationen
2013
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(2013): On the cultural character of metaphor. Some reflections on Universality and Culture-specificity in the language and cognition of time, especially in Amerindian languages. In: REVIEW OF COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS 11 (1), S. 1-35. DOI: 10.1075/rcl.11.1.01ber
Abstract: The paper is devoted to an analysis of the relation between language and culture in the context of Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT). Section 2 deals in an explicitly critical way with some problems in the concept of "culture" as used in "mainstream" schools of CL. Section 3 offers a brief review of the problems involved in the studies on the concept of "time" and its metaphors. Section 4 reviews some interpretations of the concept of "time" in Amerindian cultures. Section 5 analyses the linguistic expression of time in Quechua, in an attempt to (dis)confirm the "past in front" conceptualisation proposed by some researchers for the (geographically and culturally close, but genetically unrelated) Aymara language. Some final conclusions follow.
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(2013): What Would I Do?. Civilians' Ethical Decision Making in Response to Military Dilemmas. In: Ethics & Behavior 23 (3), S. 237-249. DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2012.748634
Abstract: This research explored the ethical decision-making process of civilians in response to real-world military dilemmas. Results revealed the complexity of these dilemmas, with about equal proportions of civilians choosing each of two response options. The moral intensity dimension of social consensus significantly predicted moral judgment in both dilemmas, whereas that of magnitude of consequences did so in only one dilemma, partially supporting our hypothesis. Both dimensions were significant predictors of moral intent in both dilemmas as was moral judgment, also supporting our hypotheses. We conclude with suggestions for future research questions in this compelling area.
Keywords: Beeinflussung der Bewertung moralischer Urteile, Bewertung von sozialem Verhalten (/sozialer Angemessenheit), decision making, moral judgment, ethics, Decision theory, decision-making, Disziplin, Einfluss von sozialem Konsens / Anstand "Decorum", entscheiden, Ethics & Behaviour, Philosophie -
(2013): Rätsel und Komplotte. Kriminalliteratur, Paranoia, moderne Gesellschaft. 1. Aufl.. Berlin: Suhrkamp
Abstract: Die Geburt der Moderne aus dem Geist der Kriminalliteratur Was hat die Kriminalliteratur mit der Paranoia und den Sozialwissenschaften zu tun? Dieser Frage geht Luc Boltanski in seinem höchst originellen, preisgekrönten Buch nach. Seine Antwort: Wie die Sozialwissenschaften entsteht auch die Kriminalliteratur um die Wende vom 19. zum 20. Jahrhundert, und in diese Zeit fällt auch die Entdeckung der Paranoia in der Psychiatrie. Zusammen zeugen sie von einem sich zunehmend verbreitenden Zweifel an der »Realität der Realität«, der als Symptom der Moderne gelten kann. Boltanski deckt diesen faszinierenden Zusammenhang zwischen Kriminalliteratur, Paranoia und Wissenschaft insbesondere durch fulminante Analysen der Romane von Arthur Conan Doyle und Georges Simenon auf. Während in England der Privatmann Sherlock Holmes durch die Lösung von Rätseln und Komplotten in der englischen Oberschicht die Stabilität der Realität wiederherzustellen sucht, ist es in Frankreich der asketische Beamte Maigret, der in den Pariser Milieus seine Nachforschungen anstellt. Auf brillante Weise verknüpft Boltanski seine literatursoziologischen »Ermittlungen« zur Kriminal-, Spionage- und Verschwörungsliteratur mit solchen zum Paranoia-Diskurs in der Psychiatrie und zur Entstehung der sozialwissenschaftlichen Erforschung der sozialen Realität: Wie der Detektiv oder Kommissar sucht auch der Paranoiker oder Sozialwissenschaftler nach der Wirklichkeit hinter der sozialen Wirklichkeit. Ein Meisterstück!
Keywords: Agent, Conspiracies, Criminal investigation, Detective and mystery stories, Detektiv, Gesellschaft, History and criticism, Komplott, Kriminalität, Kriminalliteratur, Kriminalroman, Kriminalroman / Paranoia / Literatursoziologie, Kultursoziologie, Moderne, Paranoia, Popular literature, Rätsel, Realität, Social aspects, Social surveys, Spionageroman, Verschwörungstheorie / Kriminalroman / Literatursoziologie, Wissenschaft -
(2013): Does It Matter Where You Read the News Story?. Interaction of Incivility and News Frames in the Political Blogosphere. In: Communication Research 41 (6), S. 809-827. DOI: 10.1177/0093650212449353
Abstract: The political blogosphere is replete with uncivil discussions and is apt to examine the influence of incivility on news frames. The present study brings in literature from incivility and framing effects and uses two experiments to examine the influence of incivility on news frames for democratic outcomes such as willingness to participate, online participation, openmindedness, and attitude certainty. Primary findings indicate the detrimental effects of incivility causing less openmindedness and more attitude certainty. At the same time, incivility causes more willingness to participate and online participation. More importantly, the findings demonstrate how incivility interacts with news frames. Implications for news framing effects in the social media landscape are discussed.
Keywords: doppelter Treffer, Good manners, Höflichkeit, Impoliteness, Informations- & Kommunikationstechnik, Intellektualtechnik, Kogn. Architektur, Literatur/Zeitschriften/Medien, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), news, News framing, news-frame, Realtechnik, Situationsbedingter Kontext, social media, Soziale Angemessenheit, soziale Medien, Sprachgebrauch, Technik, Verwendung von grober Sprache/incivility -
(2013): Shared agency: A planning theory of acting together. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press
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(2013): Introduction to the Special Issue on Gaze in Human-Robot Communication. In: Interaction Studies: Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial Systems 14 (3), S. vii-xv. DOI: 10.1075/is.14.3.001int
DOI: https://www.jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/is.14.3.001int Abstract: Welcome to e-content platform of John Benjamins Publishing Company. Here you can find all of our electronic books and journals, for purchase and download or subscriber access.
Keywords: Künstliche Intelligenz -
(2013): Planning for Human–Robot Interaction in Socially Situated Tasks. In: International Journal of Social Robotics 5 (2), S. 193-214. DOI: 10.1007/s12369-013-0185-z
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(2013): ‘The presentation of self in the online world’. Goffman and the study of online identities. In: Journal of Information Science 39 (1), S. 101-112. DOI: 10.1177/0165551512470051
Abstract: This paper presents an exemplification and discussion of the contemporaneity of Erving Goffman's work and of its applicability to the analysis of identity and presentation of self in the blogging and Second Life (SL) contexts. An analysis of online identity and interaction practices in 10 different cases of bloggers and SL inhabitants and of their online spaces is presented in terms of: expressions given; embellishment as a minor form of persona adoption; dividing the self; conforming and 'fitting in'; and masking, anonymity and pseudonimity. The key finding of the research is that, contrary to engaging with the process of whole persona adoption, participants were keen to re-create their offline self online, but engaged in editing facets of self. This emphasizes the key premise in Goffman's work that, when in 'front stage', people deliberately chose to project a given identity. It is concluded that Goffman's original framework is of great usefulness as an explanatory framework for understanding identity through interaction and the presentation of self in the online world. Equally, the online environment, with its enhanced potential for editing the self, can offer opportunities to contribute to the further development of the Goffman framework.
Keywords: Anonymität, blogging, Goffman, Im (wissenschaftlichen) Diskurs, Image, Informations- & Kommunikationstechnik, Konstruktion des Selbst, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Observablen/Kriterien für sozial angemessenes Verhalten und dessen Bewertung, Öffentliche Darstellung, Realtechnik, Reflexionen über MTR, Second Life, Status / biologische Marker, Technik, Theory of interaction (Goffman), whole persona -
(2013) : Let the machines do. How intelligent is Artificial Intelligence?: 2013 36th International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO): Opatija, Croatia: IEEE, S. 947-952
Abstract: “Intelligent” systems are present around us. Such machines are not only tools in our hands, they are able to make decisions and perform actions directly in the real world or in the artificial worlds of the internet. But even in the latter case, their decisions have consequences to our life. Many of them still act as “assistance systems”, leaving the final decision to the human user. The trend goes to more autonomy of the machines, even in critical situations when humans become overloaded by complexity. Additionally, humans are more and more willing to accept the proposals of the machines. But is this technique mature enough to guide or even to replace human decision-making? Especially, perception appears to be a hard problem for technical equipment. How accurate, how safe can decisions be in the case of incomplete and unreliable data? The paper gives some overview about recent developments in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, their capabilities and serious problems from a general point of view.
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(2013): Theory of mind: Mechanisms, methods, and new directions. In: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 7
Abstract: Theory of Mind (ToM) has received significant research attention. Traditional ToM research has provided important understanding of how humans reason about mental states by utilizing shared world knowledge, social cues, and the interpretation of actions; however, many current behavioral paradigms are limited to static, 'third-person' protocols. Emerging experimental approaches such as cognitive simulation and simulated social interaction offer opportunities to investigate ToM in interactive, 'first-person' and 'second-person' scenarios while affording greater experimental control. The advantages and limitations of traditional and emerging ToM methodologies are discussed with the intent of advancing the understanding of ToM in socially mediated situations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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(2013): Do You Mind if I Plug-in My Car?. How etiquette shapes PEV drivers’ vehicle charging behavior. In: Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 54, S. 155-163. DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2013.07.016
Abstract: Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) engage drivers in an essential new behavior plugging the car into the electrical grid to charge the vehicles' batteries. Broadly, it has been assumed that (1) away-from-home charging is necessary to grow the PEV market and (2) if away-from-home charging infrastructure is in place and PEV drivers know of it, they will perceive opportunities to charge. The experiences of early PEV drivers cause us to rethink at least the second of these assumptions. Drivers report a lack of what they call "etiquette," i.e., rules to guide their behavior and their expectations of how they and other PEV drivers ought to behave in these new social interactions. PEV drivers want widely shared, understood, and practiced guidelines to feel comfortable and confident in charging their vehicles away from home. This study uses inductive thematic analysis of transcripts of interviews of 28 PEV driving households conducted in San Diego County, California in spring, 2012. Themes about etiquette emerged within two types of away from home charging. First, public chargers (available to any PEV driver) were the sites of situations in which drivers' perceived a lack of rules or conflicts between different systems of rules; both were described as inhibiting use of public chargers. Second, workplace charging (typically available only to employees of the entity where the charger is located) adds an additional layer of rules and possibly resources that may either inhibit or encourage PEV charging by employees. As PEV markets and charger networks grow, charging will be shaped by additional systems of rules and regulations, e.g., those governing financial transactions. Our results suggest that absent efforts to help PEV drivers develop, learn, and practice the new rules, they may create as much uncertainty as guidance. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Disziplin, Einfluss auf Handlungen, Elektroauto, Elektromobilität, Etikette, etiquette guide, Für spezifische Situationen festgelegte Verhaltensregeln, Grad der Verbreitetheit und Umsetzung von Verhaltensregeln innerhalb einer Akteursgruppe, GUIDELINES, Im (wissenschaftlichen) Diskurs, Ingenieurswissenschaft, Mensch-Technik-Relationen (MTR), Mensch-Technische Systeme, Reflexionen über MTR, Situationsbedingter Kontext, Soziale Angemessenheit, Technikakzeptanzforschung, Technikfolgenabschätzung, technische Infrastruktur, Vereinbarkeit bzw. Kollision verschiedener Regelsysteme, Verhalten -
(2013): A cross-cultural, multimodal, affective corpus for gesture expressivity analysis. In: Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces 7 (1-2), S. 121-134. DOI: 10.1007/s12193-012-0112-x
Abstract: A multimodal, cross-cultural corpus of affective behavior is presented in this research work. The corpus construction process, including issues related to the design and implementation of an experiment, is discussed along with resulting acoustic prosody, facial expressions and gesture expressivity features. However, research work presented here focuses more on the cross-cultural aspect of gestural behavior defining a common corpus construction protocol aiming to identify cultural patterns within non-verbal behavior across cultures i.e. German, Greek and Italian. Culture specific findings regarding gesture expressivity are derived from the affective analysis performed. Additionally, the multimodal aspect, including prosody and facial expressions, is researched in terms of fusion techniques. Finally, a release plan of the corpus to the public domain is discussed aiming to establish the current corpus as a benchmark multimodal, cross-cultural standard and reference point.
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(2013): TEACHING CULTURAL COMPETENCE. AN INNOVATIVE STRATEGY GROUNDED IN THE UNIVERSALITY OF STORYTELLING AS DEPICTED IN AFRICAN AND AFRICAN AMERICAN STORYTELLING TRADITIONS. In: Journal of Social Work Education 43 (1), S. 31-50. DOI: 10.5175/JSWE.2007.200400471
Abstract: Social workers serve a varied population. Therefore, exemplary social work practice requires a depth of knowledge and skills that cut across diverse cultural contexts. Because of the universal characteristics of storytelling, this article proposes the use of storytelling as a viable conduit and instructional strategy for teaching cultural competence in schools of social work. By investigating the content, structure, and process of storytelling among, between, and across cultural groups, social work students will be able to develop and integrate an awareness, sensitivity, understanding, and appreciation for the experiential realities of diverse client groups.
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(2013): “What is fair for you?. ” Judgments and decisions about fairness and Theory of Mind. In: European Journal of Developmental Psychology 11 (1), S. 49-62. DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2013.806264
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2013.806264 Abstract: Theory of Mind (ToM) is involved in decision making in strategic games with adults, while its results with children are still controversial, probably because the literature to date has not directly assessed children's concept of fairness. The goal of this research is to investigate what constitutes fairness across different age groups (children aged seven, eight and nine years) by assessing both their judgements and their decisions concerning the offers made by a social partner and then to relate this to ToM understanding by using second-order false-belief tasks. Results show that, across age groups, the concept of fairness evolves from divisions in one's advantage towards those of equality; although ToM is not related to the concept of fairness, it plays a role in the strategic behaviour that orients children to accept more equal divisions and to reject hyperfair divisions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Decision Making, entscheiden, Entwicklungspsychologie, Fairness, Games, Judgment, theory of mind -
(2013): Respectful Language. In: Journal of Psychological Issues in Organizational Culture 3 (S1), S. 115-132. DOI: 10.1002/jpoc.21103
Abstract: This article outlines key ideas from a small‐scale piece of research undertaken as a study for a dissertation into language use in learning organizations. The inquiry focuses on how language use may be used in reflection when understood as ethical leadership action. Anecdotal evidence suggested that an eye on the bottom line and a compliance approach imposed by legislation during a period of recession had a negative effect on dialogue, with exchanges being less courteous and less generous during daily dealings. The aim of this study was to find out what professionals working in the field of learning and development understand the term respectful language to mean. The study explored theories based on reflection and drawn on experience. It modeled ethical practice by way of presenting the ideas of a diverse community of practice. The findings are presented as an interpretation based on rich narratives, which practitioners may find useful to aid their dialogue in a tough economic climate. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) zitiert von 1
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(2013): Chinese requests. In comparison to American and Japanese requests and with reference to the “East-West divide”. In: Journal of Pragmatics 55, S. 140-161. DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2013.05.012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2013.05.012 Abstract: This paper reports an empirical investigation of Chinese requests using Hill et al's (1986) methodology. The study has yielded the following findings. (1) Chinese requests seem to be determined by Brown and Levinson's notions of power and distance, as are Japanese and American English requests as reported in Hill et al., (2) Chinese requests may not be as direct as has been argued in the literature. We view these findings as evidence for Brown and Levinson's universal theory of politeness but against the claim that East and West are fundamentally different in their respective politeness systems (cf. Chen, 2010 and Leech, 2007).
Keywords: American English, Anfrage, Anfragenforschung, Bitte, Brown and Levinson's model, Chinese, Disziplin, East-West divide, Höflichkeit, Höflichkeitsforschung, (In)directness, Japanese, Kultur, Kulturdifferenz, Kulturelle Normen, kulturrelativ, kulturspezifisch, Kulturspezifizität, Kulturtheorie, Linguistik, Politeness, Request, Soziale Angemessenheit, Speech Act, Sprachgebrauch, Sprechakt -
(2013): The relevance of taboo language: An analysis of the indexical values of swearwords. In: Journal of Pragmatics (58), S. 152-169. DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2013.06.009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2013.06.009 Abstract: In this paper I argue that approaching linguistic formulae from an indexical perspective can generate a set of research questions that have the potential to open up the study of (im)politeness phenomena so that it is possible to address the range of meanings a resource might generate in a given culture at a given moment in time. I show some of the regularities that come to light through a mapping of the indexical field of strong swearwords and argue that the evaluative behaviour evident in news reports can provide evidence of the potential meanings that uses of taboo language can generate in contemporary British culture. I also argue that approaching taboo language from a discursive pragmatic perspective, by interrogating the contextual assumptions that are needed to make sense of interpretations of specific uses of swearwords, the active assignment of indexical values to swearwords is brought into view.
Keywords: time -
(2013): Zur Psychologie von Technikakzeptanz im höheren Lebensalter: Die Rolle von Technikgenerationen. Dissertation. Online verfügbar unter http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/14295/, zuletzt geprüft am 03.11.2019
DOI: http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/14295/ Abstract: In annähernd allen Bereichen des Alltags spielt Technik heutzutage eine kleinere oder größere Rolle und ältere Menschen werden zunehmend als potentielle Nutzergruppe wahrgenommen. In Anbetracht der mit der demografischen Entwicklung einhergehenden Veränderungen wie bspw. dem sich abzeichnenden Mangel an Pflegekräften, kann Technik, die speziell an die Bedürfnisse älterer Menschen angepasst ist, eine Lösungsmöglichkeit darstellen, um ein eigenständiges Leben in der eigenen Häuslichkeit weiterhin zu ermöglichen. Es ist bisher jedoch wenig darüber bekannt, welche Einstellung ältere Männer und Frauen unterschiedlicher Geburtskohorten bezüglich Technik vertreten und von welchen psychologischen Faktoren ihre Bewertungen abhängen. Basierend auf einer für das höhere Lebensalter adaptierten Version des renommierten Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM3) wurde der Zusammenhang von psychologischen Faktoren (z.B. Extraversion, Obsoleszenz, Strategien der Selektion, Optimierung und Kompensation) und der Technikakzeptanz (Nutzen, Bedienung) im höheren Lebensalter näher beleuchtet. Dem soziologischen Konzept der Technikgenerationen folgend, nahmen 357 Personen im Alter von 60 bis 99 an der Studie teil, wobei zwei Technikgenerationen (Frühtechnische Generation, Generation der Haushaltsrevolution) systematisch abgebildet wurden. Es wurden technische Geräte aus den drei Anwendungsbereichen Sicherheit (Sensormatte), Alltagsleben (Reinigungsroboter) und Anregung (Spielkonsole) ausgewählt. Zudem wurde die Technikakzeptanz auf zwei Abstraktionsebenen (Videopräsentation sowie direkte Konfrontation) erfasst. Es wurde den Fragen nachgegangen, ob sich das Technology Acceptance Model auf den Alternsbereich anwenden lässt und wie sich Spezifikationen auf die Passung auswirken. Zudem wurden Unterschiede zwischen den beiden einbezogenen Technikgenerationen betrachtet sowie Geschlechts- und Präsentationsformatseffekte. Die zusätzlich einbezogenen alternsrelevanten psychologischen Konstrukte wurden hinsichtlich ihres zusätzlichen Beitrages zur Varianzaufklärung untersucht. Generell zeigte sich, dass die Beziehung Älterer zu Technik weitaus komplexer ist, als es das weitläufige Vorurteil, Ältere seien Technik gegenüber generell abgeneigt und könnten mit dieser nicht umgehen, vermuten lässt. Das Technology Acceptance Model ließ sich auf den Alternsbereich anwenden, wobei sich gerätespezifische Spezifikationen als überlegen erwiesen. Die beiden Technikgenerationen unterschieden sich vor allem hinsichtlich der Bewertung der Leichtigkeit der Nutzung, wobei die jüngeren Probanden diese als höher einschätzten. Unterschiede zwischen den Technikgenerationen ließen sich dabei z.T. auf Unterschiede zwischen den älteren und jüngeren Frauen zurückführen. Die Möglichkeit, eine Technik ausprobieren zu können, schien v.a. für das Nützlichkeitsurteil von Bedeutung zu sein, in dem Sinne, dass Urteile über die Qualität der Leistung und den Spaß bei der Techniknutzung und angepasst werden konnten und Angst abgebaut werden konnte. Demgegenüber konnte eine Vorstellung von der Leichtigkeit der Nutzung eines Gerätes scheinbar vergleichbar gut durch eine Videosequenz vermittelt werden. Auch wenn der Beitrag der zusätzlich einbezogenen psychologischen Faktoren generell gering ausfiel, schienen Persönlichkeitsmerkmale insofern eine Rolle zu spielen, als dass sie – wie im Falle von Neurotizismus und Obsoleszenz – positiv mit dem Nützlichkeitsurteil und der Nutzungsintention von Sicherheitstechnik zusammenhingen. Auch die Leichtigkeit der Nutzung ging mit der Persönlichkeit einher, wie die negativen Zusammenhänge mit Neurotizismus und Obsoleszenz sowie die positiven Zusammenhänge mit Offenheit nahelegen. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Bedeutung psychologischer und soziologischer Aspekte zur Erklärung der Variabilität in Technikeinstellungen im Alter.
Keywords: Bedienung & Handhabung -
(2013): Patient-Centered Design of Cognitive Assistive Technology for Traumatic Brain Injury Telerehabilitation. In: Synthesis Lectures on Assistive, Rehabilitative, and Health-Preserving Technologies 2 (1), S. 1-159. DOI: 10.2200/S00478ED1V01Y201302ARH003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2200/S00478ED1V01Y201302ARH003 Abstract: Computer software has been productive in helping individuals with cognitive disabilities. Personalizing the user interface is an important strategy in designing software for these users, because of the barriers created by conventional user interfaces for the cognitively disabled. Cognitive assistive technology (CAT) has typically been used to provide help with everyday activities, outside of cognitive rehabilitation therapy. This book describes a quarter century of computing R&D at the Institute for Cognitive Prosthetics, focusing on the needs of individuals with cognitive disabilities from brain injury. Models and methods from Human Computer Interaction (HCI) have been particularly valuable, initially in illuminating those needs. Subsequently HCI methods have expanded CAT to be powerful rehabilitation therapy tools, restoring some damaged cognitive abilities which have resisted conventional therapy. Patient-Centered Design (PCD) emerged as a design methodology which incorporates both clinical and technical factors. PCD also takes advantage of the patient's ability to redesign and refine the user interface, and to achieve a very good fit between user and system. Cognitive Prosthetics Telerehabilitation is a powerful therapy modality. Essential characteristics are delivering service to patients in their own home, having the patient's priority activities be the focus of therapy, using cognitive prosthetic software which applies Patient Centered Design, and videoconferencing with a workspace shared between therapist and patient. Cognitive Prosthetics Telerehabilitation has a rich set of advantages for the many stakeholders involved with brain injury rehabilitation.
Keywords: Alltag, assistive technology for cognition, brain injury, brain plasticity, cognitive assistive technology, cognitive disabilities, cognitive prosthetics, cognitive prosthetics telerehabilitation, cognitive rehabilitation, Human Computer Interaction, ieee xplore, Mensch-Roboter-Interaktion, patient-centered design, telerehabilitation -
(2013): New findings about social intelligence. Development and application of the Magdeburg Test of Social Intelligence (MTSI). In: Journal of Individual Differences 34 (3), S. 119-137. DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000106
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000106 Abstract: Social intelligence (SI) is an ability construct with a long history in scientific psychology which has yet to be clearly established. SI tests show low convergent validity and can hardly be distinguished from academic intelligence. This may be the result of conceptual ambiguity and a lack of reliable and valid performance tests that apply nonverbal stimuli. The Magdeburg Test of Social Intelligence (MTSI) is a new multimedia-based performance test battery relying on a potential-based concept of SI. It presently comprises subtests for social understanding, social memory, and social perception, each of which is measured with real auditory, video-based, pictorial, and verbal task material. It applies target scoring to the social understanding tasks. Two studies with 127 and 190 participants, respectively, examined the psychometric properties and construct validity of the MTSI. Discriminant construct validation was conducted with well-established academic intelligence and personality tests. The findings revealed satisfactory psychometric properties for nearly all of the 22 tasks. A general SI and a social perception factor were not substantiated. Social understanding was separate from academic intelligence, whereas social memory and social perception tasks showed systematic correlations with academic intelligence. The SI tasks were not systematically related to personality traits.
Keywords: Intelligence Measures, Intelligenztests, Magdeburg Test of Social Intelligence (MTSI), Measurement, Messung, MTSI & BIS-TEST & NEO-FFI, Personality Scales & Inventories, Persönlichkeitstests, psychometric properties, psychometrics, Psychometrie, Social Behavior, Sonstiges, Soziale Intelligenz, soziales Verhalten, subtests for social understanding & social memory & social perception, Test Construction, test construction & evaluation, Test Validity, Testen, Testing, Testkonstruktion, Testvalidität -
(2013) : Human-humanoid robot social interaction: Laughter: 2013 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO): 2013 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO): Shangri-La Shenzhen, China: IEEE, S. 1396-1401
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBIO.2013.6739661 Abstract: In this paper, we describe a human gesture recognition system developed to make a humanoid robot understand non-verbal human social behaviors, and we present the results of preliminary experiments to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. In particular, we have focused on the detection and recognition of laughter, a very peculiar human social signal. In fact, although it is a direct form of social interaction, laughter is classified as semi voluntary action, can be elicited by several different stimuli, and it is strongly associated with positive emotion and physical well-being. The possibility of recognize, and further elicit laughter, will help the humanoid robot to interact in a more natural way with humans, to build positive relationships and thus be more socially integrated in the human society.
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(2013): How to do things with slurs. Studies in the way of derogatory words. In: Language & Communication 33 (3), S. 177-204. DOI: 10.1016/j.langcom.2013.03.008
Abstract: This article provides an original account of slurs and how they may be differentially used by in-group and out-group speakers. Slurs are first distinguished from other terms and their role in social interaction is discussed. A new distinction is introduced between three different uses of slurs: the (a) paradigmatic derogatory use, (b) non-paradigmatic derogatory use, and (c) non-derogatory in-group use. I then account for their literal meaning and explain how a family-resemblance conception of category membership can clarify our understanding of the various natural-language uses of slurs, (a)-(c). The focus is restricted primarily to race-based and sex-based slurs used in the context of English speakers, and the article concludes with desiderata to be met by any subsequent analyses of slurs.
Keywords: time -
(2013): Poverty and the social participation of young people—an analysis of poverty-related withdrawal mechanisms. In: Journal for Labour Market Research 46 (4), S. 321-333. DOI: 10.1007/s12651-013-0148-8
Abstract: Analyzes poverty-specific withdrawal mechanisms of children and adolescents. A lower social participation rate in extracurricular organizations decreases opportunities for informal learning and consequently reduces life chances. Poverty research has demonstrated that financial constraints and the social withdrawal that result from feelings of shame cause lower participation rates. By dividing extracurricular leisure activities into fee-based and noncontributory activities, it is possible to discriminate between the 2 mechanisms. The results of the present empirical cross-sectional analysis is based on the panel study "Labour Market and Social Security" (PASS). The results demonstrate that primarily financial shortages explain decreased participation opportunities and to a substantially lesser extent social withdrawal. Additionally, the findings suggest that social deprivation occurs only in situations of long-lasting poverty.
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(2013): A Computational Approach to Politeness with Application to Social Factors. Online verfügbar unter http://arxiv.org/pdf/1306.6078v1
Abstract: We propose a computational framework for identifying linguistic aspects of politeness. Our starting point is a new corpus of requests annotated for politeness, which we use to evaluate aspects of politeness theory and to uncover new interactions between politeness markers and context. These findings guide our construction of a classifier with domain-independent lexical and syntactic features operationalizing key components of politeness theory, such as indirection, deference, impersonalization and modality. Our classifier achieves close to human performance and is effective across domains. We use our framework to study the relationship between politeness and social power, showing that polite Wikipedia editors are more likely to achieve high status through elections, but, once elevated, they become less polite. We see a similar negative correlation between politeness and power on Stack Exchange, where users at the top of the reputation scale are less polite than those at the bottom. Finally, we apply our classifier to a preliminary analysis of politeness variation by gender and community.
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(2013): A mixed-methodological examination of investment model variables among abused and nonabused college women. In: Journal of American College Health 61 (1), S. 36-43. DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2012.750609
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2012.750609 Abstract: Objective: This study assessed abused and nonabused women's perceptions of Investment Model (IM) variables (ie, relationship investment, satisfaction, commitment, quality of alternatives) utilizing a mixed-methods design. Participants: Participants included 102 college women, approximately half of whom were in abusive dating relationships. Methods: Qualitative content analyses were used to analyze transcribed responses to open-ended questions about abused and nonabused women's perceptions of IM variables. These coding categories were compared with a quantitative measure of IM variables. Results: Overall, abused and nonabused women were not found to differ on qualitative or quantitative measures with regard to overall level of commitment, investment, or perceived alternatives to their relationships. However, abused women reported lower levels of satisfaction, and listed more negative aspects of their relationships than nonabused women. Additionally, a number of factors were identified by women to affect their perceptions of these IM variables. Conclusions: Victims of dating violence may minimize the abuse sustained in efforts to maintain their relationships. Alternatively, dissonance between the positive and negative aspects of the relationships may drive ambivalence about leaving relationships, all of which could be addressed in dating violence prevention and intervention programming on campuses. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)